Analysis and evaluation of mobile rhythm games : Game structure and playability

The rhythm game is an action simulation game adapted to the presented music. While it is expected to have an educational effect as a functional game, the relationship between the operability and rhythm education under the mobile platform is still questionable. In Korea, it seems that mobile rhythm game is a minority maniac genre that are played mostly among teenagers and early twenties. In this paper, we select three mobile rhythm games that are most played by Korean gamers in analysis. First, we analyze the user interface layout, note control, evaluation style and level of difficulty for three games – Deeno, Cytus, and Lanota. Then, we take a user survey in order to evaluate the playability of those games. All three games obtain high scores but there exust several statistically significant differences among games in analysis

Challenges Experienced by Korean Medical Students and Tutors During Problem-Based Learning: A Cultural Perspective

How people learn is influenced by the cultural contexts in which their learning occurs. This qualitative case study explored challenges Korean medical students and tutors experienced during their PBL sessions from a cultural perspective using Hofstede’s cultural dimensions. Twelve preclinical medical students and nine tutors from a large Korean medical school participated in interviews. The interview data were analyzed using the constant comparative method and classified according to Hofstede’s cultural dimensions. Twenty-two themes emerged within the following overarching categories: large power distance (6 themes), high uncertainty avoidance (6), individualism (3), collectivism (4), and masculinity/short-term orientation (3). This article discusses culturally responsive solutions with regard to each cultural dimension, which would help overcome these challenges and enhance the experiences of students and tutors with PBL

From Agasa Cristie to Group Image Play-Analysis of Horror Survival Game Panic Room : Escaping from the Den on Emotional Elements Development

A maniac computer game genre called "Survival Horror Games‟ is aimed for making gamers feel cathartic feeling when they escaped from the designed horror successfully. The degree of gaming quality, however, is not easy to measure. In this paper, we apply Caillois‟ game playing categories and other standards to measure how a game induces the feeling of fear and other emotional experience to players. Once dominated horror survival game series called Panic Room: Escaping from the Den was chosen to analyze and evaluate with those standards as well as its narratives and subsystems. Especially the 2nd version was most welcomed to users among 4 versions thus we focused on the difference between the version 1 and the version 2 in terms of game playing and fear elements in the game content and story structure. In result, version 2 showed much more Agon and Mimicry and all other fear elements than version 1. The group image playing structure and conference/collection subsystem that were newly provided to version 2 were attributed to its success

Percutaneous Sclerotherapy of Renal Cysts with a Beta-Emitting Radionuclide, Holmium-166-chitosan Complex

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the usefulness of a beta-emitting radionuclide (holmium-166-chitosan complex) as a sclerosing agent for the treatment of renal cysts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using 10-30 mCi of holmium-166-chitosan complex, 20 renal cysts in 17 patients (14 male and 3 female patients, ranging in age from 47 to 82 years) were treated by percutaneous sclerotherapy under ultrasonographic guidance. The volume of the cysts before and after the sclerotherapy and the percentage change in volume were calculated in order to evaluate the response to therapy, which was classified as either complete regression (invisible), nearly complete regression ( 50 volume%). RESULTS: The follow-up period ranged from 6 to 36 months (mean 28 months). Eighteen cysts (90%) regressed completely (n=11, 55%) or near-completely (n=7, 35%). Partial regression was obtained in one patient (5%) and there was no regression in one patient (5%). No significant complications were encountered. CONCLUSION: The holmium-166-chitosan complex seems to be useful as a new painless sclerosing agent for the treatment of renal cysts with no significant complications.ope

Enhanced efficiency of crystalline Si solar cells based on kerfless-thin wafers with nanohole arrays

Several techniques have been proposed for kerfless wafering of thin Si wafers, which is one of the most essential techniques for reducing Si material loss in conventional wafering methods to lower cell cost. Proton induced exfoliation is one of promising kerfless techniques due to the simplicity of the process of implantation and cleaving. However, for application to high efficiency solar cells, it is necessary to cope with some problems such as implantation damage removal and texturing of (111) oriented wafers. This study analyzes the end-of-range defects at both kerfless and donor wafers and ion cutting sites. Thermal treatment and isotropic etching processes allow nearly complete removal of implantation damages in the cleaved-thin wafers. Combining laser interference lithography and a reactive ion etch process, a facile nanoscale texturing process for the kerfless thin wafers of a (111) crystal orientation has been developed. We demonstrate that the introduction of nanohole array textures with an optimal design and complete damage removal lead to an improved efficiency of 15.2% based on the kerfless wafer of a 48 mu m thickness using the standard architecture of the Al back surface field

Association of ATP7B Mutation Detection Rate with Biochemical Characteristics in Korean Patients with Wilson Disease

Wilson disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the ATP7B gene, yet many patients have either one mutation, or no mutation. We investigated whether the mutation detection rate is associated with any biochemical characteristics of WD. In a study of 71 patients, we used PCR-sequencing to screen for ATP7B mutations in 7 exons (exons 8, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, and 18) covering 95% of known mutations in Korean patients with WD. We also investigated serum concentrations of various biochemical analytes. Data were analyzed by linear association test and one-way ANOVA. Based on the number of detected ATP7B mutations, a significant difference in serum ceruloplasmin concentration was found among the 3 groups (p < 0.001). Serum ceruloplasmin concentration averaged 3.32 +/- 1.74, 10.8 +/- 5.50, and 14.9 +/- 3.88 mg/dl (mean +/- SD) in the 25, 20, and 26 patients with two, one, and no ATP7B mutations, respectively. We observed 82.9% and 16.7% of mutant allele frequency in WD patients with ceruloplasmin concentration < 10 mg/dl and 10-20 mg/dl, respectively (p < 0.001). Thus serum ceruloplasmin concentrations among WD patients differed according to the number of ATP7B mutations detected.Riordan SM, 2001, J HEPATOL, V34, P165Gow PJ, 2000, GUT, V46, P415Brewer GJ, 2009, NETH J MED, V67, P195Korman JD, 2008, HEPATOLOGY, V48, P1167, DOI 10.1002/hep.22446Mak CM, 2008, CLIN CHEM, V54, P1356, DOI 10.1373/clinchem.2008.103432Mak CM, 2008, CRIT REV CL LAB SCI, V45, P263, DOI 10.1080/10408360801991055Park S, 2007, HUM MUTAT, V28, P1108, DOI 10.1002/humu.20574Kroll CA, 2006, MOL GENET METAB, V89, P134, DOI 10.1016/j.ymgme.2006.03.008Durand F, 2001, GUT, V48, P849Yoo HW, 2002, GENET MED, V4, p43S, DOI 10.1097/01.GIM.0000040260.30727.EBSHIM H, 2003, J NUTR, V133, P1527Roberts EA, 2003, HEPATOLOGY, V37, P1475, DOI 10.1053/jhep.2003.50252Ferenci P, 2003, LIVER INT, V23, P139Cullen LM, 2003, CLIN GENET, V64, P429Seo J, 2004, J TURBUL, V5, DOI 10.1088/1468-5248/5/1/015YANG X, 2005, ZHONGHUA NEI KE ZA Z, V44, P13Brewer GJ, 2005, J HEPATOL, V42, pS13, DOI 10.1016/j.jhep.2004.11.013De Bie P, 2005, J HERED, V96, P803, DOI 10.1093/jhered/esi110CHOI JS, 2006, KOREAN J LAB MED, V26, P449Kim JH, 2006, J GASTROEN HEPATOL, V21, P588, DOI 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2005.04127.xEisenbach C, 2007, WORLD J GASTROENTERO, V13, P1711Kenney SM, 2007, HUM MUTAT, V28, P1171, DOI 10.1002/humu.20586Roberts EA, 2008, HEPATOLOGY, V47, P2089, DOI 10.1002/hep.22261Kok KF, 2008, NETH J MED, V66, P348BREWER GJ, 2009, NETH J MED, V67, P196SALLIE R, 1992, HEPATOLOGY, V16, P1206

Therapeutic Effects of Holmium-166 Chitosan Complex in Rat Brain Tumor Model

This study examined the effectiveness of Holmium-166 (Ho-166) chitosan complex therapy for a malignant glioma. Cultured C6 glioma cells (100,000 in 5 µl) were injected into the caudate/putamen of 200 - 250 gram Wistar rats. Five days later, a Ho-166 chitosan complex was injected into the same site of the glioma injection. Four injection doses were administered: the control group received PBS 10 µl, group 1 received an injection of 100 µCi (10 µl), group 2 received an injection of 50 µCi (5 µl), and group 3 received an injection of 10 µCi (1 µl). The average tumor volume for each group was 1.385 mm3 for the control group, 0.036 mm3 for group 1, 0.104 mm3 for group 2, and 0.111 mm3 for group 3. Compared with the control group, the size of the tumors in groups 1, 2 and 3 was reduced by an average of 97.4%, 92.5% and 91.9%, respectively. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve of group 2 was the longest, followed by groups 3, group 1 and the control. The mean survival was 22.8, 59, 60, and 44.6 days for the control group and groups 3, 2 and 1, respectively. H-E staining revealed that group 2 yielded the best results in the destruction of the malignant glioma. TUNEL staining and immunohistochemical studies indicated apoptotic features. The Ho-166 chitosan complex proved to be effective in destroying the malignant glioma

Serial Assessment of Myocardial Properties Using Cyclic Variation of Integrated Backscatter in an Adriamycin-Induced Cardiomyopathy Rat Model

Although adriamycin (Doxorubicin) is one of the most effective and useful antineoplastic agents for the treatment of a variety of malignancies, its repeated administration can induce irreversible myocardial damage and resultant heart failure. Currently, no marker to detect early cardiac damage is available. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether an assessment of the acoustic properties of the myocardium could enable the earlier detection of myocardial damage after adriamycin chemotherapy. Forty Wistar rats were treated with adriamycin (2 mg/kg, i.v.) once a week for 2, 4, 6 or 8 weeks consecutively. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was calculated using M-mode echocardiography data. The magnitude of cardiac cycle dependent variation of integrated backscatter (CVIB) of the myocardium was measured in the mid segment of the septum and in the posterior wall of the left ventricle, using a real time two dimensional integrated backscatter imaging system. LVEF was significantly lower in the adriamycin-treated 8-week group than in the controls (75 ± 9 vs 57 ± 8%, p < 0.05). Myocyte damage was only seen in the 8-week adriamycin-treated group. However, no significant changes of CVIB were observed between baseline or during follow-up in the ADR or control group. In conclusion, serial assessment of the acoustic properties of the myocardium may not be an optimal tool for the early detection of myocardial damage after doxorubicin chemotherapy in a rat model

Cerebellar hemorrhage after spine fixation misdiagnosed as a complication of narcotics use -A case report-

Cerebellar hemorrhage occurs mainly due to hypertension. Postoperative cerebellar hemorrhage is known to be associated frequently with frontotemporal craniotomy, but quite rare with spine operation. A 56-year-old female received spinal fixation due to continuous leg tingling sensation for since two years ago. Twenty-one hours after operation, she was disoriented and unresponsive to voice. Performed computed tomography showed both cerebellar hemorrhage. An emergency decompressive craniotomy was carried out to remove the hematoma. On the basis of this case, we reported this complications and reviewed related literature