Isolated Open Rotor Noise Prediction Assessment Using the F31A31 Historical Blade Set

In an effort to mitigate next-generation fuel efficiency and environmental impact concerns for aviation, open rotor propulsion systems have received renewed interest. However, maintaining the high propulsive efficiency while simultaneously meeting noise goals has been one of the challenges in making open rotor propulsion a viable option. Improvements in prediction tools and design methodologies have opened the design space for next generation open rotor designs that satisfy these challenging objectives. As such, validation of aerodynamic and acoustic prediction tools has been an important aspect of open rotor research efforts. This paper describes validation efforts of a combined computational fluid dynamics and Ffowcs Williams and Hawkings equation methodology for open rotor aeroacoustic modeling. Performance and acoustic predictions were made for a benchmark open rotor blade set and compared with measurements over a range of rotor speeds and observer angles. Overall, the results indicate that the computational approach is acceptable for assessing low-noise open rotor designs. Additionally, this approach may be used to provide realistic incident source fields for acoustic shielding/scattering studies on various aircraft configurations

The Ursinus Weekly, October 16, 1950

Ruby to give original show November 10 • Doctor to present pre-med program • Chi Alpha to discuss revision of pre-theo studies Tuesday • Lantern staff announced • Frosh present talent and variety show as highlight of new customs system • Sixty attend retreat at Camp Fernbrook • Men\u27s Student Council revises customs, punishes offenders • College to confer degrees at annual Founders Day • Reception in gym to be inaugurated Old Timers Day • WAA organizes sales, discusses constitution • Czech exile to talk at Forum Tuesday • Gottshall named president of Beardwood Chemical Society • Dolman to present reading • Editorial: To be, or not to be - exemplary • Dr. Garrett relates experiences of trip • Lukens works on antique cars • What is your opinion of customs? • Flickingers confuse Ursinus students, but twins, unperplexed, see eye to eye • Twenty-three attend meeting of political action commission • Kershner writes treatise on Hodgson, world-famous poet recluse of Ohio • Saturday\u27s game gives fans opportunity to observe old time college football • Ashenfelter trains with Bruin runners • Booters suffer 3-1 loss to Muhlenberg; Light scores lone tally for Bears • Keyser elected captain of 1950 hockey squad • Dickinson hands Bruins third straight loss, 39-6 • Debaters schedule public engagementshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1548/thumbnail.jp

Hexaclorofeno como substância de aplicação tópica na profilaxia de infecção por Schistosoma mansoni em camundongo

Treatment of mouse tail skins with hexachlorophene (1.25% w/v) in absolute methanol or 70% isopropanol suppressed Schistosoma mansoni infections by more than 95% even when the application was performed up to three days prior to exposure to cercarial suspensions by tail immersion. Treatment with concentrations of 0.313% or higher one day prior to exposure provided at least 98% protection when the treated surface was not subjected to water washes of greater duration than 1/2 hour. Tail immersion application of 1.25% hexachlorophene one day prior to exposure still provided 87-92% protection after 3 hours water wash. Wipe application of 1.25% hexachlorophene three days prior to exposure still provided 93% protection following 3 hours water wash. High cercarial recoveries from exposure tubes at the end of exposure periods indicated high antipenetrant activity for hexachlorophene. Sufficient hexachlorophene leached from treated tail skins into the surrounding water to affect subsequently added cercariae so that they were no longer infective to untreated mice.O tratamento da pele da cauda de camundongos com hexaclorofeno (1,25% p/v), dissolvido em metanol absoluto ou isopropanol a 70% reduziu a infecção por Schistosoma mansoni em mais de 95%, mesmo quando a aplicação foi feita até três dias antes da exposição da cauda à suspensão de cercárias. O tratamento com concentrações de 0,313% ou mais, um dia antes da exposição, resultou em proteção de 98%, quando a superfície tratada não foi submetida a lavagem com água por tempo superior a 30 minutos. O tratamento com hexaclorofeno a 1,25% por imersão, um dia antes da exposição, conferiu proteção de 87% a 92%, após três horas de lavagem com água. A aplicação de hexaclorofeno a 1,25% com gaze, três dias antes da exposição, ainda resultou em proteção de 93%, após lavagem semelhante. A recuperação de grandes quantidades de cercárias, ao fim do período de exposição, demonstrou a elevada capacidade do hexaclorofeno para impedir sua penetração. Ao mesmo tempo, quantidade suficiente de hexaclorofeno desprendeu-se da pele da cauda dos camundongos, dissolvendo-se na água circundante e exercendo efeito sobre as cercárias, tornando-as não infectantes para camundongos não submetidos a tratamento prévio com hexaclorofeno

新生仔期羊における低酸素血症時の脳血流に果たす末梢化学受容器の役割

The response of cerebral blood flow (CBF) during isocapnic hypoxic hypoxia was studied in 1-7 day old lambs that underwent sinoaortic chemodenervation. Lambs were anesthetized with pentobarbital and studied during moderate (arterial O2 content [CaO2] =10 vol %) and severe (CaO2 =6 vol %) hypoxic hypoxia. Regional brain blood flows were measured with the radioactive microsphere technique. Cerebral oxygen consumption (CMRO2) was calculated as the product of forebrain blood flow and the difference in oxygen content between arterial and sagittal sinus blood. Lambs were then subjected to either sham surgery (n=6) or to carotid chemodenervation and cervical vagotomy (n=6). Chemodenervation was verified by abolition of the transient increase in blood pressure following intravenous injection of sodium cyanide in intact subjects. Neither sham surgery nor chemodenervation had any effect on CBF or CMRO2 during hypoxic hypoxia. These data show that arterial chemoreceptors have no role in the regulation of cerebral vascular tone during hypoxic hypoxia in the 1-7 day old anesthetized lamb

The Ursinus Weekly, April 17, 1950

Junior prom to highlight week\u27s social calendar • Forum to present prominent explorer for monthly event • Students select leaders for WSGA, WAA, and Y • Senator to address PAC Wednesday • IRC group attends model UN assembly • French club plans April piano recital • ICG members help draft constitution • Scientists to participate in Y-sponsored panel • Practices continue for spring comedy • Board names six to Weekly editorial staff • Commission to discuss admittance of Negroes • \u27Waltz dream\u27 scores hit with Ursinus audiences • P.A.C. visits Washington on annually planned trip • Swedish books add variety to library language shelves • Alumnus suggests constitution change for alumni group • Three men and a rebel tour southland as vacation interrupts semester work • Ursinus welcomes new dance band • Grizzly nine tours south; trip is judged successful • Rampaging grizzlies open season with pair of wins • Tennis belles open against Bryn Mawr • Nine veterans back for softball season • Stine and Shreiner win men\u27s, girls\u27 intramurals • Gurzynski is named head football coach for 1950 • Annex wins honors on intramural night • Garris\u27 pageant selected for \u2750 May Day themehttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1589/thumbnail.jp

Generality of shear thickening in suspensions

Suspensions are of wide interest and form the basis for many smart fluids. For most suspensions, the viscosity decreases with increasing shear rate, i.e. they shear thin. Few are reported to do the opposite, i.e. shear thicken, despite the longstanding expectation that shear thickening is a generic type of suspension behavior. Here we resolve this apparent contradiction. We demonstrate that shear thickening can be masked by a yield stress and can be recovered when the yield stress is decreased below a threshold. We show the generality of this argument and quantify the threshold in rheology experiments where we control yield stresses arising from a variety of sources, such as attractions from particle surface interactions, induced dipoles from applied electric and magnetic fields, as well as confinement of hard particles at high packing fractions. These findings open up possibilities for the design of smart suspensions that combine shear thickening with electro- or magnetorheological response.Comment: 11 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Nature Material

Wildfire and Abrupt Ecosystem Disruption on California\u27s Northern Channel Islands at the Allerod-Younger Dryas Boundary (13.0-12.9 ka)

Sedimentary records from California\u27s Northern Channel Islands and the adjacent Santa Barbara Basin (SBB) indicate intense regional biomass burning (wildfire) at the Ållerød–Younger Dryas boundary (~13.0–12.9 ka) (All age ranges in this paper are expressed in thousands of calendar years before present [ka]. Radiocarbon ages will be identified and clearly marked “14C years”.). Multiproxy records in SBB Ocean Drilling Project (ODP) Site 893 indicate that these wildfires coincided with the onset of regional cooling and an abrupt vegetational shift from closed montane forest to more open habitats. Abrupt ecosystem disruption is evident on the Northern Channel Islands at the Ållerød–Younger Dryas boundary with the onset of biomass burning and resulting mass sediment wasting of the landscape. These wildfires coincide with the extinction of Mammuthus exilis [pygmy mammoth]. The earliest evidence for human presence on these islands at 13.1–12.9 ka (~11,000–10,900 14C years) is followed by an apparent 600–800 year gap in the archaeological record, which is followed by indications of a larger-scale colonization after 12.2 ka. Although a number of processes could have contributed to a post 18 ka decline in M. exilis populations (e.g., reduction of habitat due to sea-level rise and human exploitation of limited insular populations), we argue that the ultimate demise of M. exilis was more likely a result of continental scale ecosystem disruption that registered across North America at the onset of the Younger Dryas cooling episode, contemporaneous with the extinction of other megafaunal taxa. Evidence for ecosystem disruption at 13–12.9 ka on these offshore islands is consistent with the Younger Dryas boundary cosmic impact hypothesis [Firestone, R.B., West, A., Kennett, J.P., Becker, L., Bunch, T.E., Revay, Z.S., Schultz, P.H., Belgya, T., Kennett, D.J., Erlandson, J.M., Dickenson, O.J., Goodyear, A.A., Harris, R.S., Howard, G.A., Kloosterman, J.B., Lechler, P., Mayewski, P.A., Montgomery, J., Poreda, R., Darrah, T., Que Hee, S.S., Smith, A.R., Stich, A., Topping, W., Wittke, J.H. Wolbach, W.S., 2007. Evidence for an extraterrestrial impact 12,900 years ago that contributed to the megafaunal extinctions and Younger Dryas cooling. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104, 16016–16021.]

The Ursinus Weekly, April 16, 1951

May Day cast chosen; Practices begin this week • Arsenic and Old Lace is underway • Methods discussed by archaeologist • John Billman named head of IRC for coming year • McClure urges students to take army tests • French Club to present pianist, vocalists in recital • 35 Weekly workers honored at banquet • Varsity Club plans big weekend; Variety show, dance listed April 27, 28 • Ursinus to be honored by Newcomen Society May 24 • Self-help jobs available; Letters must be written • Many jobs available to Spring graduates • \u2751ers forced to break up as Fisher must leave for U.S. Navy service • Editorials: Opinions sought; Honor comes to Ursinus • Letters to the editor • Advice to book buyers • Truman decision upheld • Junior Prom traditions seen through years; Theme varies • Poll reveals students\u27 views on MacArthur ouster • Local character, Little Mink, writes parents about college • Preparing catalogue is year-round job, Dr. Phillips says • Moravian beats Ursinus in first home game, 7-3 • Mrs. Whiting stars as player, coach • Bruin team loses fourth straight to Temple nine • Bears defeated in trial meet • Movie to be shown • Two fireside chats planned for separate meetings April 18https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1565/thumbnail.jp

Cortical depth dependent functional responses in humans at 7T: improved specificity with 3D GRASE

Ultra high fields (7T and above) allow functional imaging with high contrast-to-noise ratios and improved spatial resolution. This, along with improved hardware and imaging techniques, allow investigating columnar and laminar functional responses. Using gradient-echo (GE) (T2* weighted) based sequences, layer specific responses have been recorded from human (and animal) primary visual areas. However, their increased sensitivity to large surface veins potentially clouds detecting and interpreting layer specific responses. Conversely, spin-echo (SE) (T2 weighted) sequences are less sensitive to large veins and have been used to map cortical columns in humans. T2 weighted 3D GRASE with inner volume selection provides high isotropic resolution over extended volumes, overcoming some of the many technical limitations of conventional 2D SE-EPI, whereby making layer specific investigations feasible. Further, the demonstration of columnar level specificity with 3D GRASE, despite contributions from both stimulated echoes and conventional T2 contrast, has made it an attractive alternative over 2D SE-EPI. Here, we assess the spatial specificity of cortical depth dependent 3D GRASE functional responses in human V1 and hMT by comparing it to GE responses. In doing so we demonstrate that 3D GRASE is less sensitive to contributions from large veins in superficial layers, while showing increased specificity (functional tuning) throughout the cortex compared to GE

A double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over clinical trial of DONepezil In Posterior cortical atrophy due to underlying Alzheimer's Disease: DONIPAD study.

BACKGROUND: The study investigated whether donepezil exerts symptomatic benefit in patients with posterior cortical atrophy (PCA), an atypical variant of Alzheimer's disease. METHODS: A single-centre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over clinical trial was performed to assess the efficacy of donepezil in patients with PCA. Each patient received either donepezil (5 mg once daily in the first 6 weeks and 10 mg once daily in the second 6 weeks) or placebo for 12 weeks. After a 2-week washout period, each patient received the other treatment arm during the following 12 weeks followed by another 2-week washout period. The primary outcome was the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) at 12 weeks. Secondary outcome measures were five neuropsychological tests reflecting parieto-occipital function. Intention-to-treat analysis was used. For each outcome measure, carry-over effects were first assessed. If present, then analysis was restricted to the first 12-week period. Otherwise, the standard approach to the analysis of a 2 × 2 cross-over trial was used. RESULTS: Eighteen patients (13 females) were recruited (mean age 61.6 years). There was a protocol violation in one patient, who subsequently withdrew from the study due to gastrointestinal side effects. There was statistically significant (p 0.05). There were no statistically significant treatment effects on any of the five neuropsychological tests, except for digit span at 12 weeks (higher by 0.5 digits in favour of placebo, 95% CI 0.1 to 0.9). Gastrointestinal side effects occurred most frequently, affecting 13/18 subjects (72%), and were the cause of study discontinuation in one subject. Nightmares and vivid dreams occurred in 8/18 subjects (44%), and were statistically more frequent during treatment with donepezil. CONCLUSIONS: In this small study, there was no statistically significant treatment effect of donepezil on the primary outcome measure (MMSE score at 12 weeks) in PCA patients, who appear to be particularly susceptible to the development of nightmares and vivid dreams when treated. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Trial registration: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN22636071 . Retrospectively registered 19 May 2010