67 research outputs found
Overdensities of SMGs around WISE-selected, ultra-luminous, high-redshift galaxies
Submillimetre (submm) observations of WISE-selected, dusty, luminous,
high-redshift galaxies have revealed intriguing overdensities around them on
arcmin scales. They could be the best signposts of overdense environments on
the sky.Comment: ALMA Conference Proceedings December 2014 2 page
An Economic Evaluation of a Pest Management Control Program: "Outfox the Fox"
Foxes are regarded as a serious pest of environmental and grazing systems in Australia. The fox is a recognised predator of native wildlife and has been a significant contributor to the population decline of many native mammal, bird and reptile species. There are also claims that foxes may account for up to 30% of lamb mortalities in some areas, while mortality due to predation of 2 to 5% is more likely in most regions. The âOutfox the Foxâ program was established by NSW Agriculture in conjunction with a number of Rural Land Protection Boards to achieve a more strategic and coordinated fox baiting program. This program relies on a community driven and integrated management approach to the problem. The main features are to synchronise baiting across landholders at least twice a year, undertake baiting during periods when the fox is most susceptible, regularly check and replace baits, and continue until the bait take declines. A stochastic economic surplus and benefit-cost analysis model was developed to evaluate this program. The change in annual economic surplus due to the âOutfox the Foxâ program was 9.8m and a mean benefit-cost ratio of 13.0:1. The stochastic analysis indicated that there was a very low probability of this program providing a negative economic return.benefit cost analysis, research evaluation, economic surplus, fox, Farm Management, Land Economics/Use, Livestock Production/Industries, Production Economics, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies, Q160,
The SCUBA-2 850 follow-up of WISE-selected, luminous dust-obscured quasars
Hot dust-obscured galaxies (Hot DOGs) are a new population recently
discovered in the \wise All-Sky survey. Multiwavelength follow-up observations
suggest that they are luminous, dust-obscured quasars at high redshift. Here we
present the JCMT SCUBA-2 850 follow-up observations of 10 Hot DOGs.
Four out of ten Hot DOGs have been detected at level. Based on the
IR SED decomposition approach, we derive the IR luminosities of AGN torus and
cold dust components. Hot DOGs in our sample are extremely luminous with most
of them having . The torus emissions
dominate the total IR energy output. However, the cold dust contribution is
still non-negligible, with the fraction of the cold dust contribution to the
total IR luminosity being dependent on the choice of torus
model. The derived cold dust temperatures in Hot DOGs are comparable to those
in UV bright quasars with similar IR luminosity, but much higher than those in
SMGs. Higher dust temperatures in Hot DOGs may be due to the more intense
radiation field caused by intense starburst and obscured AGN activities.
Fourteen and five submillimeter serendipitous sources in the 10 SCUBA-2 fields
around Hot DOGs have been detected at and levels,
respectively. By estimating their cumulative number counts, we confirm the
previous argument that Hot DOGs lie in dense environments. Our results support
the scenario in which Hot DOGs are luminous, dust-obscured quasars lying in
dense environments, and being in the transition phase between extreme starburst
and UV-bright quasars.Comment: 26 pages, 7 figures, PASP accepte
Submillimetre observations of WISE-selected high-redshift, luminous, dusty galaxies
We present SCUBA-2 850um submillimetre (submm) observations of the fields of
10 dusty, luminous galaxies at z ~ 1.7 - 4.6, detected at 12um and/or 22um by
the WISE all-sky survey, but faint or undetected at 3.4um and 4.6um; dubbed
hot, dust-obscured galaxies (Hot DOGs). The six detected targets all have total
infrared luminosities greater than 10^13 L_sun, with one greater than 10^14
L_sun. Their spectral energy distributions (SEDs) are very blue from
mid-infrared to submm wavelengths and not well fitted by standard AGN SED
templates, without adding extra dust extinction to fit the WISE 3.4um and 4.6um
data. The SCUBA-2 850um observations confirm that the Hot DOGs have less cold
and/or more warm dust emission than standard AGN templates, and limit an
underlying extended spiral or ULIRG-type galaxy to contribute less than about
2% or 55% of the typical total Hot DOG IR luminosity, respectively. The two
most distant and luminous targets have similar observed submm to mid-infrared
ratios to the rest, and thus appear to have even hotter SEDs. The number of
serendipitous submm galaxies (SMGs) detected in the 1.5-arcmin-radius SCUBA-2
850um maps indicates there is a significant over-density of serendipitous
sources around Hot DOGs. These submm observations confirm that the
WISE-selected ultra-luminous galaxies have very blue mid-infrared to submm
SEDs, suggesting that they contain very powerful AGN, and are apparently
located in unusual arcmin-scale overdensities of very luminous dusty galaxies.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in MNRA
Using comparative genomic hybridization to survey genomic sequence divergence across species: a proof-of-concept from Drosophila
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Genome-wide analysis of sequence divergence among species offers profound insights into the evolutionary processes that shape lineages. When full-genome sequencing is not feasible for a broad comparative study, we propose the use of array-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) in order to identify orthologous genes with high sequence divergence. Here we discuss experimental design, statistical power, success rate, sources of variation and potential confounding factors. We used a spotted PCR product microarray platform from <it>Drosophila melanogaster </it>to assess sequence divergence on a gene-by-gene basis in three fully sequenced heterologous species (<it>D. sechellia</it>, <it>D. simulans</it>, and <it>D. yakuba</it>). Because complete genome assemblies are available for these species this study presents a powerful test for the use of aCGH as a tool to measure sequence divergence.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We found a consistent and linear relationship between hybridization ratio and sequence divergence of the sample to the platform species. At higher levels of sequence divergence (< 92% sequence identity to <it>D. melanogaster</it>) ~84% of features had significantly less hybridization to the array in the heterologous species than the platform species, and thus could be identified as "diverged". At lower levels of divergence (â„ 97% identity), only 13% of genes were identified as diverged. While ~40% of the variation in hybridization ratio can be accounted for by variation in sequence identity of the heterologous sample relative to <it>D. melanogaster</it>, other individual characteristics of the DNA sequences, such as GC content, also contribute to variation in hybridization ratio, as does technical variation.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Here we demonstrate that aCGH can accurately be used as a proxy to estimate genome-wide divergence, thus providing an efficient way to evaluate how evolutionary processes and genomic architecture can shape species diversity in non-model systems. Given the increased number of species for which microarray platforms are available, comparative studies can be conducted for many interesting lineages in order to identify highly diverged genes that may be the target of natural selection.</p
Radio Jet Feedback and Star Formation in Heavily Obscured Quasars at Redshifts ~0.3-3, I: ALMA Observations
We present ALMA 870 micron (345 GHz) data for 49 high redshift (0.47<z<2.85),
luminous (11.7 < log L(bol) (Lsun) < 14.2) radio-powerful AGN, obtained to
constrain cool dust emission from starbursts concurrent with highly obscured
radiative-mode black hole (BH) accretion in massive galaxies which possess a
small radio jet. The sample was selected from WISE with extremely steep (red)
mid-infrared (MIR) colors and with compact radio emission from NVSS/FIRST.
Twenty-six sources are detected at 870 microns, and we find that the sample has
large mid- to far-infrared luminosity ratios consistent with a dominant and
highly obscured quasar. The rest-frame 3 GHz radio powers are 24.7 < log P3.0
GHz (W/Hz) < 27.3, and all sources are radio-intermediate or radio-loud. BH
mass estimates are 7.7 < log M(BH) (Msun) < 10.2. The rest frame 1-5 um SEDs
are very similar to the "Hot DOGs" (Hot Dust Obscured Galaxies), and steeper
(redder) than almost any other known extragalactic sources. ISM masses
estimated for the ALMA detected sources are 9.9 < log M(ISM) (Msun) < 11.75
assuming a dust temperature of 30K. The cool dust emission is consistent with
star formation rates (SFRs) reaching several thousand Msun/yr, depending on the
assumed dust temperature, however we cannot rule out the alternative that the
AGN powers all the emission in some cases. Our best constrained source has
radiative transfer solutions with ~ equal contributions from an obscured AGN
and a young (10-15 Myr) compact starburst.Comment: 29 pages, 8 figures. To appear in Astrophysical Journal. Update on
Sept 14 to correct the ALMA proposal id. to ADS/JAO.ALMA#2011.0.00397.S and
to add a missing acknowledgemen
The role of the most luminous, obscured AGN in galaxy assembly at z~2
We present HST WFC3 F160W imaging and infrared spectral energy distributions
for twelve extremely luminous, obscured AGN at , selected via "Hot,
Dust Obscured" mid-infrared colors. Their infrared luminosities span
L, making them among the most luminous objects in
the Universe at . In all cases the infrared emission is consistent with
arising at least in most part from AGN activity. The AGN fractional
luminosities are higher than those in either sub-millimeter galaxies, or AGN
selected via other mid-infrared criteria. Adopting the , M and
morphological parameters, together with traditional classification boundaries,
infers that three quarters of the sample as mergers. Our sample do not,
however, show any correlation between the considered morphological parameters
and either infrared luminosity or AGN fractional luminosity. Moreover, their
asymmetries and effective radii are distributed identically to those of massive
galaxies at . We conclude that our sample is not preferentially
associated with mergers, though a significant merger fraction is still
plausible. Instead, we propose that our sample are examples of the massive
galaxy population at that harbor a briefly luminous, "flickering" AGN,
and in which the and M values have been perturbed, due to either the
AGN, and/or the earliest formation stages of a bulge in an inside-out manner.
Furthermore, we find that the mass assembly of the central black holes in our
sample leads the mass assembly of any bulge component. Finally, we speculate
that our sample represent a small fraction of the immediate antecedents of
compact star-forming galaxies at .Comment: ApJ, accepted. Updated to reflect the accepted versio
Reclassification of the Specialized Metabolite Producer Pseudomonas mesoacidophila ATCC 31433 as a Member of the Burkholderia cepacia Complex.
Pseudomonas mesoacidophila ATCC 31433 is a Gram-negative bacterium, first isolated from Japanese soil samples, that produces the monobactam isosulfazecin and the ÎČ-lactam-potentiating bulgecins. To characterize the biosynthetic potential of P. mesoacidophila ATCC 31433, its complete genome was determined using single-molecule real-time DNA sequence analysis. The 7.8-Mb genome comprised four replicons, three chromosomal (each encoding rRNA) and one plasmid. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that P. mesoacidophila ATCC 31433 was misclassified at the time of its deposition and is a member of the Burkholderia cepacia complex, most closely related to Burkholderia ubonensis The sequenced genome shows considerable additional biosynthetic potential; known gene clusters for malleilactone, ornibactin, isosulfazecin, alkylhydroxyquinoline, and pyrrolnitrin biosynthesis and several uncharacterized biosynthetic gene clusters for polyketides, nonribosomal peptides, and other metabolites were identified. Furthermore, P. mesoacidophila ATCC 31433 harbors many genes associated with environmental resilience and antibiotic resistance and was resistant to a range of antibiotics and metal ions. In summary, this bioactive strain should be designated B. cepacia complex strain ATCC 31433, pending further detailed taxonomic characterization.IMPORTANCE This work reports the complete genome sequence of Pseudomonas mesoacidophila ATCC 31433, a known producer of bioactive compounds. Large numbers of both known and novel biosynthetic gene clusters were identified, indicating that P. mesoacidophila ATCC 31433 is an untapped resource for discovery of novel bioactive compounds. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that P. mesoacidophila ATCC 31433 is in fact a member of the Burkholderia cepacia complex, most closely related to the species Burkholderia ubonensis Further investigation of the classification and biosynthetic potential of P. mesoacidophila ATCC 31433 is warranted
Practical Classification Guidelines for Diabetes in patients treated with insulin: a cross-sectional study of the accuracy of diabetes diagnosis.
Differentiating between type 1 and type 2 diabetes is fundamental to ensuring appropriate management of patients, but can be challenging, especially when treating with insulin. The 2010 UK Practical Classification Guidelines for Diabetes were developed to help make the differentiation.This article is freely available via Open Access. Click on the Additional Link above to access the full-text via the publisher's site.Published (Open Access
Law in social work education: reviewing the evidence on teaching, learning and assessment
This paper presents the findings from a systemic review of knowledge relating to current practice in the teaching, learning and assessment of law in social work education. The research comprised an internationally conducted systematic review of the literature, together with a survey of current education practice in the four countries of the UK. Two consultation events sought the views of a range of stakeholders, including the perspectives of service users and carers. Set in the context of debates about the relationship between law and social work practice, this paper identifies the common themes emerging from the review and offers an analysis of key findings, together with priorities for future directions in education practice
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