Generations and Protest in Eastern Germany: Between Revolution and Apathy

How is the protest behavior of citizens in new democracies influenced by their experience of the past? Certain theories of political socialization hold that cohorts reaching political maturity under dictatorship are subject to apathy. Yet, it remains unclear whether mobilization during the transition can counterbalance this effect. This article examines the protest behavior of citizens socialized in Eastern Germany, a region marked by two legacies: a legacy of autocracy and, following the 1989-90 revolution, a legacy of transitional mobilization. Using age-period-cohort models with data from the European Social Survey, the analysis assesses the evolution of gaps in protest across generations and time between East and West Germans. The results demonstrate that participation in demonstrations, petitions, and boycotts is lower for East Germans socialized under communism in comparison with West Germans from the same cohorts. This participation deficit remains stable over time and even increases for certain protest activities

Generations and protest in Eastern Germany: Between revolution and apathy

How is the protest behavior of citizens in new democracies influenced by their experience of the past? Certain theories of political socialization hold that cohorts reaching political maturity under dictatorship are subject to apathy. Yet, it remains unclear whether mobilization during the transition can counterbalance this effect. This article examines the protest behavior of citizens socialized in Eastern Germany, a region marked by two legacies: a legacy of autocracy and, following the 1989-90 revolution, a legacy of transitional mobilization. Using age-periodcohort models with data from the European Social Survey, the analysis assesses the evolution of gaps in protest across generations and time between East and West Germans. The results demonstrate that participation in demonstrations, petitions, and boycotts is lower for East Germans socialized under communism in comparison with West Germans from the same cohorts. This participation deficit remains stable over time and even increases for certain protest activities.Inwiefern ist das Protestverhalten von Bürgerinnen und Bürgern durch ihre Vergangenheit beeinflusst? Theorien politischer Sozialisation behaupten, dass Kohorten, die in autokratischen Regimen aufgewachsen sind, in geringerem Umfang politisch teilhaben, als Kohorten, die in demokratischen Systemen sozialisiert wurden. Jedoch ist unklar, welchen Einfluss Zeiten hoher politischer Mobilisierung während des Übergangs von autokratischen zu demokratischen Systemen auf das zukünftige Protestverhalten derjenigen haben, die den Umbruch miterleben. Fraglich ist, ob dies dem autokratischen Erbe der politischen Teilnahmelosigkeit entgegenwirken kann. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht das Protestverhalten von Bürgerinnen und Bürgern, die in Ostdeutschland aufgewachsen und sozialisiert wurden. Die Region der ehemaligen DDR zeichnet sich durch zwei politische Vermächtnisse aus: Einerseits ein politisches Erbe aus Zeiten des sozialistischen Regimes, anderseits - der friedlichen Revolution von 1989 folgend - ein Erbe politischen Umbruchs und Neuanfangs. Mittels Alter-Perioden-Kohortenmodelle basierend auf Daten des European Social Surveys (ESS) kann die Entwicklung des Protestverhaltens verschiedener Generationen und in verschiedenen Zeiträumen im Vergleich von Ost- und Westdeutschen untersucht werden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Teilnahme an Demonstrationen, Petitionen und Boykotts für Ostdeutsche, die in der ehemaligen DDR sozialisiert wurden, niedriger ist als für Westdeutsche derselben Kohorte. Das Teilhabedefizit bleibt über die Zeit bestehen und steigt für einige Protestformen sogar leicht an

Pussigny-Grouet (37) : travertins du sud Touraine et occupations humaines en fond de vallon

International audiencePrésentation globale et rapide des potentiels géoarchéologiques identifiés au cours de l'intervention et dont les études sont en cours

Capacity of Retro-Information Channels

In this paper we investigate how retro-information is possible in a non unitary universe. In particular we give estimate of asymptotic capacity of retro-information channels in parallel or in series. These results are significantly divergent from classical information theory results and open interesting perspectives

Retro-information in Wheeler-Feynman Universe Model: Applications Over an Hypothetical Concept in Quantum Mechanics

Twisting the non-locality concept in quantum mechanics we introduce the hypothetical concept of retro-information. We analyse the effect of paradoxal coupling on source of retro-information in order to quantify the new means of computing that could be derived from such an hypothetical concept

Chartres – Terrain Doré

Date de l'opération : 1984 (SU) Inventeur(s) : Joly Dominique ; Brunet Philippe Cette intervention a permis d'observer, au sud de la ville [ (Fig. n°1 : Chartres : plan général. Localisation des principales fouilles et observations depuis 1979), site E] un tronçon fossé qui a ceinturé l'oppidum de Chartres à la fin de l'Âge du fer ou à l'Époque augustéenne, en protégeant un espace de près de 200 ha (Brunet, 1985 : 64-69) (Fig. n°2 : Localisation du site et de la circonvallation par rapport à..

Coupling 3D modelling and forward-inverse modelling of potential field data (gravity and magnetic data).

The 3D modeling of geological objects is often decomposed in two steps: i) delimitation of the boundaries of the units corresponding to the various geological formations or ore types; and ii) verification and estimation of these boundaries using geophysical data. A new approach using potential-field interpolators addressing the 3D modeling problem is used here (Ch.Lajaunie et al. 1997). We will discuss how we can statistically estimate the validity of such 3D model taking in account various geophysical data. This estimation can be computed by inverting complementary datasets, provided (a) the data are a function of the 3D distribution of a source, (b) the response of a given 3D source distribution can be calculated, and (c) the source distribution shows some degree of correlation with the litho-regions. Gravity and magnetic potential field data generally satisfy these criteria. Unfortunately, these data do not allow source geometry to be uniquely resolved through inversion, nor is the source geometry likely to be perfectly correlated with the litho-regions. Even allowing for these limitations, we can see through the expression for the posterior probability density function (PPD) for a Bayesian inversion procedure how uncertainty in prior geological knowledge is modified by investigating the fit to observed potential field data for various models; (1) where is a normalizing constant, is the prior probability for the property model based on geological knowledge, and is the likelihood function that reflects the agreement between the observed potential field response and the predicted response of the model. Litho-models that have reasonable probability based on prior knowledge are downgraded if the likelihood deduced from the associated potential field response is very low. To reduce the non-uniqueness, we can add to the classical data, the tensor components of the field. The main goal with gradients measurements is to improve accuracy and spatial resolution of gravity and magnetic surveys. For those reasons, we propose to build a 3D forward modelling and inversion method for tensor data

Development of a pig jejunal explant culture for studying the gastrointestinal toxicity of the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol: histopathological analysis

The digestive tract is a target for the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON), a major cereals grain contaminant of public health concern in Europe and North America. Pig, the most sensitive species to DON toxicity, can be regarded as the most relevant animal model for studying the intestinal effects of DON. A pig jejunal explants culture was developed to assess short-term effects of DON. In a first step, jejunal explants from 9-13 week-old and from 4-5 week-old pigs were cultured in vitro for up to 8 hours. Explants from younger animals were better preserved after 8 hours, as assessed by morphological scores and by villi lengths. In a second step, dose-related alterations of the jejunal tissue were observed, including shortened and coalescent villi, lysis of enterocytes, oedema. After 4h of DON exposure of explants from 4-5 week-old pigs, a no-effect concentration level of 1 µM was estimated (corresponding to diet contaminated with 0.3 mg DON/kg) based on morphological scores, and of 0.2 µM based on villi lengths. In conclusion, our data indicate that pig intestinal explants represent a relevant and sensitive model to investigate the effects of food contaminants