24 research outputs found

    The AVuPUR project (Assessing the Vulnerabiliy of Peri-Urbans Rivers): experimental set up, modelling strategy and first results

    Get PDF
    International audienceLe projet AVuPUR a pour objectif de progresser sur la comprĂ©hension et la modĂ©lisation des flux d'eau dans les bassins versants pĂ©ri-urbains. Il s'agit plus particuliĂšrement de fournir des outils permettant de quantifier l'impact d'objets anthropiques tels que zones urbaines, routes, fossĂ©s sur les rĂ©gimes hydrologiques des cours d'eau dans ces bassins. Cet article prĂ©sente la stratĂ©gie expĂ©rimentale et de collecte de donnĂ©es mise en Âœuvre dans le projet et les pistes proposĂ©es pour l'amĂ©lioration des outils de modĂ©lisation existants et le dĂ©veloppement d'outils novateurs. Enfin, nous prĂ©sentons comment ces outils seront utilisĂ©s pour simuler et quantifier l'impact des modifications d'occupation des sols et/ou du climat sur les rĂ©gimes hydrologiques des bassins Ă©tudiĂ©s. / The aim of the AVuPUR project is to enhance our understanding and modelling capacity of water fluxes within suburban watersheds. In particular, the objective is to deliver tools allowing to quantify the impact of anthropogenic elements such as urban areas, roads, ditches on the hydrological regime of suburban rivers. This paper presents the observation and data collection strategy set up by the project, and the directions for improving existing modelling tools or proposing innovative ones. Finally, we present how these tools will be used to simulate and quantify the impact of land use and climate changes on the hydrological regimes of the studied catchments

    Volitional exaggeration of body size through fundamental and formant frequency modulation in humans

    Get PDF
    Several mammalian species scale their voice fundamental frequency (F0) and formant frequencies in competitive and mating contexts, reducing vocal tract and laryngeal allometry thereby exaggerating apparent body size. Although humans’ rare capacity to volitionally modulate these same frequencies is thought to subserve articulated speech, the potential function of voice frequency modulation in human nonverbal communication remains largely unexplored. Here, the voices of 167 men and women from Canada, Cuba, and Poland were recorded in a baseline condition and while volitionally imitating a physically small and large body size. Modulation of F0, formant spacing (∆F), and apparent vocal tract length (VTL) were measured using Praat. Our results indicate that men and women spontaneously and systemically increased VTL and decreased F0 to imitate a large body size, and reduced VTL and increased F0 to imitate small size. These voice modulations did not differ substantially across cultures, indicating potentially universal sound-size correspondences or anatomical and biomechanical constraints on voice modulation. In each culture, men generally modulated their voices (particularly formants) more than did women. This latter finding could help to explain sexual dimorphism in F0 and formants that is currently unaccounted for by sexual dimorphism in human vocal anatomy and body size

    Cantor Digitalis: chironomic parametric synthesis of singing

    Get PDF
    Cantor Digitalis is a performative singing synthesizer that is composed of two main parts: a chironomic control interface and a parametric voice synthesizer. The control interface is based on a pen/touch graphic tablet equipped with a template representing vocalic and melodic spaces. Hand and pen positions, pen pressure, and a graphical user interface are assigned to specific vocal controls. This interface allows for real-time accurate control over high-level singing synthesis parameters. The sound generation system is based on a parametric synthesizer that features a spectral voice source model, a vocal tract model consisting of parallel filters for vocalic formants and cascaded with anti-resonance for the spectral effect of hypo-pharynx cavities, and rules for parameter settings and source/filter dependencies between fundamental frequency, vocal effort, and formants. Because Cantor Digitalis is a parametric system, every aspect of voice quality can be controlled (e.g., vocal tract size, aperiodicities in the voice source, vowels, and so forth). It offers several presets for different voice types. Cantor Digitalis has been played on stage in several public concerts, and it has also been proven to be useful as a tool for voice pedagogy. The aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive technical overview of Cantor Digitalis

    La cartographie pour la gestion des espaces naturels

    No full text
    Available from INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : GR 1173 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueSIGLEFRFranc

    Extraction et gestion de connaissances dans un contexte spatio-temporel : applications à la géomatique pour la gestion des territoires

    No full text
    National audienceCe numĂ©ro spĂ©cial est orientĂ© sur l'extraction et la gestion de connaissances dans le domaine de la gĂ©omatique et de la gestion des territoires oĂč la vision spatio-temporelle est primordiale. Il est basĂ© sur les travaux de la communautĂ© SAGEO qui oeuvre dans le domaine depuis plusieurs annĂ©es. SAGEO a pour objectif de fournir un lieu d'information et d'Ă©change sur les recherches et les dĂ©veloppements dans les domaines de la GĂ©omatique et de l'Analyse Spatiale. SAGEO constitue un trait d'union entre le Groupe de Recherche SIGMA, le Groupe de Recherche EuropĂ©en S4 (Simulation spatiale en Sciences Sociales) et le rĂ©seau GEOIDE canadien. Les articles sont des extensions de communications prĂ©sentĂ©es lors de la confĂ©rence SAGEO 2007. Ce numĂ©ro donne un bon aperçu sur la variĂ©tĂ© des dĂ©marches et des techniques informatiques qui sont utilisĂ©es dans le domaine. Il illustre bien les enjeux sous-jacents et la complexitĂ© des problĂšmes Ă  rĂ©soudre. Un thĂšme qui est trĂšs actif et trĂšs prĂ©sent dans ce numĂ©ro est celui de la visualisation. La visualisation est en effet un moyen incontournable tant pour communiquer les rĂ©sultats d'extraction de connaissances spatio-temporelles, que pour positionner ces rĂ©sultats les uns par rapport aux autres confĂ©rant ainsi une Ă©tape supplĂ©mentaire dans l'analyse, mais aussi pour permettre Ă  l'usager d'engager interactivement de nouvelles analyses
    corecore