Cultural Integration and Cross–Cultural Management Challenges in the Central European Countries:Lithuania and Poland

The article focused on disclosing the situation of cultural integration in Lithuania and Poland leading to the different issues of cross–cultural management in labour market and companies activity. As the main research method, a critical analysis of scientific literature on cultural integration and cross–cultural management applied in the companies as well as secondary research data and legal documents are analysed focusing on both countries – Lithuania and Poland. Practical examples' analysis is based on particular issue of global company ANG activity in Poland. In Lithuania the third countries citizens' integration in labour market is discussed. Findings. The main challenges, problems and improvement possibilities in cultural integration and cross–cultural management context in both countries are disclosed. The context of cross–cultural management, in terms of cultural integration and globalisation evaluated focusing terms of companies' activity in Poland and labour market issues in Lithuania in terms of third countries' citizens' integration in it. Practical implications. The research presents actual analysis of legal documents of third countries citizens in Lithuania as well as the tools of improving the situation. Particular issues for companies' consideration are presented in case of Poland. Social implications. The research presents actuality of cultural integration and cross–cultural management in terms of society and business in Poland and Lithuania integrating different cultural groups and ethnic minorities in labour market of both countries. Originality/value. The paper considers actual and problematic issues in the life of two countries in the frames of national identity and cultural integration's conjunction and diversity. Some particular issues as labour market and companies' specificity are analysed. The comparative analysis provides some useful solutions for business and society

SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF LITHUANIA

The research problem lays upon disclosing the importance of role of social entrepreneurship in rural development of Lithuania. The paper thė tendencies of social entrepreneurship in Lithuania, to present successful examples of such business for providing recommendations how to improve sit-uation in rural areas in terms of social entrepreneurship development. Lithuanian government has made some steps towards development of social enterprises, social entrepreneurship, and social in-novation, but the a lot remains to be improved. The roots of family business go back only above 20 years and have rather poor traditions in Lithuania. It is tightly related to rural areas especially than agriculture economies are acting as family farms with potential of young social businesses

Social Entrepreneurship in Rural Development of Lithuania: Potential of Young Entrepreneurs

The purpose of this chapter is to analyze the situation of social entrepreneurship in Lithuania, emphasizing its policy and practice in the European Union (EU) context, striving for youth involvement in becoming social entrepreneurs. The current situation raises the need in deeper scientific research and discussion in this field. The latest research works in the theme are rather rare in Lithuania and call for special scientific attention to develop the research on social entrepreneurship about Lithuanian situation. The economic and social challenges demand special and innovative measures in small state case as Lithuania. In the chapter social entrepreneurship and its policy in European Union (EU) and Lithuania is analyzed. The analyzed object requires special interest because it might be the key to the country’s economy growth and competitiveness. In the chapter the main aspects of social entrepreneurship concept are presented. The complexity and meaning of phenomena is discussed. Later, the main political initiatives and legal documents concerning social entrepreneurship in Lithuania are analyzed. Special attention is paid for young people involvement in entrepreneurial activity creating social enterprises. Some empirical evidence about Lithuanian students’ thoughts implementing entrepreneurial activity is presented and overall recommendations how to improve situation revealed, including political initiatives, social entrepreneurship’s education and culture development attracting and motivating young people to become social entrepreneurs are discussed. Revelation of special situation and problems for social entrepreneurship development in Lithuania foster attention for acting in all levels of interest: state, business, and societyVytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio akademij

Development of Entrepreneurship in Lithuania: Becoming Social Entrepreneurs

Scopus ID 2-s2.0-85029046152The purpose of this chapter is to analyze the situation of social entrepreneurship in Lithuania, emphasizing its policy and practice in the European Union (EU) context, striving for youth involvement in becoming social entrepreneurs. The current situation raises the need in deeper scientific research and discussion in this field. The latest research works in the theme are rather rare in Lithuania and call for special scientific attention to develop the research on social entrepreneurship about Lithuanian situation. The economic and social challenges demand special and innovative measures in small state case as Lithuania. In the chapter social entrepreneurship and its policy in European Union (EU) and Lithuania is analyzed. The analyzed object requires special interest because it might be the key to the country’s economy growth and competitiveness. In the chapter the main aspects of social entrepreneurship concept are presented. The complexity and meaning of phenomena is discussed. Later, the main political initiatives and legal documents concerning social entrepreneurship in Lithuania are analyzed. Special attention is paid for young people involvement in entrepreneurial activity creating social enterprises. Some empirical evidence about Lithuanian students’ thoughts implementing entrepreneurial activity is presented and overall recommendations how to improve situation revealed, including political initiatives, social entrepreneurship’s education and culture development attracting and motivating young people to become social entrepreneurs are discussed. Revelation of special situation and problems for social entrepreneurship development in Lithuania foster attention for acting in all levels of interest: state, business, and societyVytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio akademij

Socialinis verslas kaimo vietovėse: kokį modelį pasirinkti veiklai?

Straipsnyje aptariami socialinio verslo veikimo modeliai Lietuvoje, taikytini pagal apibrėžtą socialinio verslo koncepciją ir jos taikymo rekomendacijas. Temos aktualumas grindžiamas kaimo vietovių sudėtinga ekonomine socialine situacija ir naujų inovatyvių sprendimų paieška esančioms problemoms spręstiSocial entrepreneurship in rural areas is quite new activity in Lithuania but providing opportunities in difficult social and economic environment. The essence of social entrepreneurship requires not only willingness to implement social aims and perform social activity but understanding that such kind of business is not a charity or simple non-profit activity. Social entrepreneurship combines social and economic principles. The models of such business applicable by Lithuanian laws and regulations might be divided as follows: embedded, integrated and external. The differences among models allow different possibilities and involvement in this activity. Moderately favourable environment requires managerial knowledge and skills to organise and manage social businesses, but it can help farmers to diversify activity, create new job places in rural areasVytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio akademij

Entrepreneurship in Lithuania: involving young people in social enterprises

The paper aims to provide the analysis of the development of entrepreneurship in Lithuania, focusing one. Some data are presented about main documents important for social entrepreneurship; Overall sit entrepreneurship in terms of social one is presented. Special attention is put on education system and entreprenet and abilities gained and developed at university. Research methods are analysis of scientific works; document target survey of students; comparative analysis. The main findings disclose the results of students' perceptions about development of entrepreneurial skills and a university during the studies. The results of research emphasize the most important skills and possible measures effective development during teaching courses at university of constructing systematic approach for entrepr development in LithuaniaVytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio akademij

Lithuanian Smes in Rural Areas: How to Become Social and Competitive

According to the document of Lithuanian Rural Development Programme (2007), rural areas are defined as all territories, which do not fall under the categories of urban territories or urban type settlements. In the final report of European Commission (2008) it is distinguished that rural area is a territory dominated by the natural environment and depopulated density. Rural areas form significant part of Lithuanian territory and make contribution to economic and social development. Farmland comprises 60% in Lithuania and 42% of population lives in rural areas (European Commission, 2016). The aim of the paper is to present current situation of Lithuanian SMEs in rural areas and propose innovative solutions for activity development in terms of becoming social and competitive enterprises. Research object is Lithuanian SMEs in rural areas and their development. Research methods of the paper: scientific literature analysis, comparative analysis, statistical data analysis. The main characteristics or/ and problems of rural areas in Lithuania are: emigration of young people, decreasing birth rate, aging of population, people are less prepared for undertaking various business activities than people in city areas, poor development of business, lacking alternative employment, lack of human capital (European Commission, 2008). Agriculture, hunting, forestry and fisheries are the part of economic sector in rural areas in Lithuania. Another group of population is working in industry and construction, services such as education, health care, social work, tourism and other activities (Stakeniene, n.d). Lithuania has good conditions to develop the agriculture and rural settlements: climatic conditions are supportive of dairy and meat farming, stock-breeding and growing cereals, vegetables, potatoes, fruits, sugar beets, flax and other plants; sufficient agricultural resources and their natural productivity (Stanaitis, 2004)Vytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio akademij