1,235 research outputs found
Traveling Wave Solutions for Systems of ODEs on a Two-Dimensional Spatial Lattice
This is the published version, also available here: http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/S0036139996312703.We consider infinite systems of ODEs on the two-dimensional integer lattice, given by a bistable scalar ODE at each point, with a nearest neighbor coupling between lattice points. For a class of ideal nonlinearities, we obtain traveling wave solutions in each direction , and we explore the relation between the wave speed c, the angle , and the detuning parameter a of the nonlinearity. Of particular interest is the phenomenon of "propagation failure," and we study how the critical value depends on , where is defined as the value of the parameter a at which propagation failure (that is, wave speed c=0) occurs. We show that \theta\tan\theta\tan\theta$ is rational or infinite
Analysis of a corner layer problem in anisotropic interfaces
We investigate a model of anisotropic diffuse interfaces in ordered FCC crystals introduced recently by Braun et al and Tanoglu et al [3, 18, 19], focusing on parametric conditions which give extreme anisotropy. For a reduced model, we prove existence and stability of plane wave solutions connecting the disordered FCC state with the ordered state described by solutions to a system of three equations. These plane wave solutions correspond to planar interfaces. Different orientations of the planes in relation to the crystal axes give rise to different surface energies. Guided by previous work based on numerics and formal asymptotics, we reduce this problem in the six dimensional phase space of the system to a two dimensional phase space by taking advantage of the symmetries of the crystal and restricting attention to solutions with corresponding symmetries. For this reduced problem a standing wave solution is constructed that corresponds to a transition that, in the extreme anisotropy limit, is continuous but not differentiable. We also investigate the stability of the constructed solution by studying the eigenvalue problem for the linearized equation. We find that although the transition is stable, there is a growing number , of critical eigenvalues, where » is a measure of the anisotropy. Specifically we obtain a discrete spectrum with eigenvalues \lambda_n = \e^{2/3}\mu_n with ~ , as . The scaling characteristics of the critical spectrum suggest a previously unknown microstructural instability
Suppression of Heavy Ion gamma gamma Production of the Higgs by Coulomb Dissociation
Predicted two-photon Higgs production with heavy ions at LHC is shown to be
reduced due to the large Coulomb dissociation cross section. Incorporating the
effect of dissociation reduces the production of a 100 GeV Higgs by about a
factor of three compared to rates in the literature calculated without this
effect.Comment: 5 pages, latex, revtex source, two postscript figure
Theory of the Diamagnetism Above the Critical Temperature for Cuprates
Recently experiments on high critical temperature superconductors has shown
that the doping levels and the superconducting gap are usually not uniform
properties but strongly dependent on their positions inside a given sample.
Local superconducting regions develop at the pseudogap temperature () and
upon cooling, grow continuously. As one of the consequences a large diamagnetic
signal above the critical temperature () has been measured by different
groups. Here we apply a critical-state model for the magnetic response to the
local superconducting domains between and and show that the
resulting diamagnetic signal is in agreement with the experimental results.Comment: published versio
An Electroweak Weizsacker-Williams Method
The Weizsacker-Williams method is a semiclassical approximation scheme used
to analyze a wide variety of electromagnetic interactions. It can greatly
simplify calculations that would otherwise be impractical or impossible to
carry out using the standard route of the Feynman rules. With a few reasonable
assumptions, the scope of the method was generalized so as to accommodate weak,
as well as the usual electromagnetic, interactions. The results are shown to be
in excellent agreement, in the high energy limit of interest, with other
methods, and the generalized scheme is shown to still work in regimes of
analysis where those methods break down.Comment: PhD thesis, 239 pages, 36 figures, LaTe
Report of the Dark Energy Task Force
Dark energy appears to be the dominant component of the physical Universe, yet there is no persuasive theoretical explanation for its existence or magnitude. The acceleration of the Universe is, along with dark matter, the observed phenomenon that most directly demonstrates that our theories of fundamental particles and gravity are either incorrect or incomplete. Most experts believe that nothing short of a revolution in our understanding of fundamental physics will be required to achieve a full understanding of the cosmic acceleration. For these reasons, the nature of dark energy ranks among the very most compelling of all outstanding problems in physical science. These circumstances demand an ambitious observational program to determine the dark energy properties as well as possible
Continuation for thin film hydrodynamics and related scalar problems
This chapter illustrates how to apply continuation techniques in the analysis
of a particular class of nonlinear kinetic equations that describe the time
evolution through transport equations for a single scalar field like a
densities or interface profiles of various types. We first systematically
introduce these equations as gradient dynamics combining mass-conserving and
nonmass-conserving fluxes followed by a discussion of nonvariational amendmends
and a brief introduction to their analysis by numerical continuation. The
approach is first applied to a number of common examples of variational
equations, namely, Allen-Cahn- and Cahn-Hilliard-type equations including
certain thin-film equations for partially wetting liquids on homogeneous and
heterogeneous substrates as well as Swift-Hohenberg and Phase-Field-Crystal
equations. Second we consider nonvariational examples as the
Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation, convective Allen-Cahn and Cahn-Hilliard
equations and thin-film equations describing stationary sliding drops and a
transversal front instability in a dip-coating. Through the different examples
we illustrate how to employ the numerical tools provided by the packages
auto07p and pde2path to determine steady, stationary and time-periodic
solutions in one and two dimensions and the resulting bifurcation diagrams. The
incorporation of boundary conditions and integral side conditions is also
discussed as well as problem-specific implementation issues
A variational formulation of anisotropic geometric evolution equations in higher dimensions
Accepted versio
Measurement of the Branching Fraction for B- --> D0 K*-
We present a measurement of the branching fraction for the decay B- --> D0
K*- using a sample of approximately 86 million BBbar pairs collected by the
BaBar detector from e+e- collisions near the Y(4S) resonance. The D0 is
detected through its decays to K- pi+, K- pi+ pi0 and K- pi+ pi- pi+, and the
K*- through its decay to K0S pi-. We measure the branching fraction to be
B.F.(B- --> D0 K*-)= (6.3 +/- 0.7(stat.) +/- 0.5(syst.)) x 10^{-4}.Comment: 7 pages, 1 postscript figure, submitted to Phys. Rev. D (Rapid
Communications
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