Objective transmission gratings for large Schmidt telescopes

Several lamellar gratings of 18-in. aperture, with 300 diffraction elements per inch, have been made for determining stellar spectra with wide angle telescopes. Central orders are missing at λ4800, and weak at adjacent wavelengths. The two, equal first orders are about 1^m weaker than spectra by a prism or echelette grating. Dispersion is linear. The procedure of manufacture is adaptable to larger size. The wavelength at which the central order is missing can be controlled by varying the lamellae thickness. The lamellae are evaporated strips of quartz of 0.5-µ thickness, covering half the face of the support a spectacle crown, plane parallel plate of ¾-in. thickness. The lamellae were deposited by thermal evaporation

I Left My Dear Old Village Home For You

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-vp/6596/thumbnail.jp

Intra- and Interspecies Analyses of the Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) Gene Family Reveal Independent Evolution in Primates and Rodents

Various rodent and primate DNAs exhibit a stronger intra- than interspecies cross-hybridization with probes derived from the N-terminal domain exons of human and rat carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-like genes. Southern analyses also reveal that the human and rat CEA gene families are of similar complexity. We counted at least 10 different genes per human haploid genome. In the rat, approximately seven to nine different N-terminal domain exons that presumably represent different genes appear to be present. We were able to assign the corresponding genomic restriction endonuclease fragments to already isolated CEA gene family members of both human and rat. Highly similar subgroups, as found within the human CEA gene family, seem to be absent from the rat genome. Hybridization with an intron probe from the human nonspecific cross-reacting antigen (NCA) gene and analysis of DNA sequence data indicate the conservation of noncoding regions among CEA-like genes within primates, implicating that whole gene units may have been duplicated. With the help of a computer program and by calculating the rate of synonymous substitutions, evolutionary trees have been derived. From this, we propose that an independent parallel evolution, leading to different CEA gene families, must have taken place in, at least, the primate and rodent orders

Ubiquitous Nuclear Factors Bind Specifically to a 5′-Region Conserved in Carcinoembryonic Antigen-Related Genes

We recently cloned members of the murine carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) gene family, some of which are differentially expressed during placental development. By intra- and interspecies sequence comparisons, we identified an element in the putative promoter and/or 5′-nontranslated region which is conserved within all human and rodent CEA-related genes analyzed so far. Using gel retardation analysis and DNasel hypersensitive site mapping, we now show that ubiquitously expressed nuclear factors specifically bind to the conserved region derived from the mouse gene Cea-2 in vitro and probably also in vivo. Another DNasel hypersensitive site lies within or close to a simple sequence motif [(GGA)n] located in the first intron of Cea-2. Such sequences have been reported to play a role in the regulation of certain genes. Therefore, this analysis has identified putative regulatory regions for Cea-2 and possibly CEA-related genes in general

Operator arguments revisited

Certain passages in Kaplan’s ‘Demonstratives’ are often taken to show that non-vacuous sentential operators associated with a certain parameter of sentential truth require a corresponding relativism concerning assertoric contents: namely, their truth values also must vary with that parameter. Thus, for example, the non-vacuity of a temporal sentential operator ‘always’ would require some of its operands to have contents that have different truth values at different times. While making no claims about Kaplan’s intentions, we provide several reconstructions of how such an argument might go, focusing on the case of time and temporal operators as an illustration. What we regard as the most plausible reconstruction of the argument establishes a conclusion similar enough to that attributed to Kaplan. However, the argument overgenerates, leading to absurd consequences. We conclude that we must distinguish assertoric contents from compositional semantic values, and argue that once they are distinguished, the argument fails to establish any substantial conclusions. We also briefly discuss a related argument commonly attributed to Lewis, and a recent variant due to Weber

The New Testament Concept of the Son of Man

The term “Son of Man was Jesus ‘favorite self-designation. It occurs approximately eighty times in the Gospel records. Though Jesus accepted as appropriate titles for Himself such terms as Messiah, Son of David, the Christ, the Son of God, He at times expressly called Himself the Son of Man in replying to those, who addressed Him with some other title (John 1:49 ,51; Matthew 18: 19, 20)

The equatorial Pacific High-Productivity Belt: Elements for a Synthesis of Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 85 Resultspaleoceanography

Leg 85 of the Deep Sea Drilling Project operated in the eastern central Pacific in the region of the equatorial highproductivity belt. We recovered uppermost Eocene to Quaternary reference sections amenable to fine-scale stratigraphic and paleoceanographic research, using primarily the hydraulic piston corer. Four sites (572 to 575) were drilled along an east-west (about 114 to 133°W) and north-south (about 0.5 to 6°N) transect across the equatorial belt. At Site 572 an apparently complete lower middle Miocene to Quaternary sequence was recovered: the sediment sections are dominantly siliceous-calcareous oozes and chalks, and sediment accumulation rates were high (30 to 60 m/ m.y.). Sediments at Sites 573 to 575 are similar and dominated by siliceous and calcareous oozes and chalks. Sediment accumulation rates at Site 573 were generally between 10 and 35 m/m.y. The upper Eocene to Quaternary sequence is punctuated by seven hiatuses. At Site 574 a nearly complete upper Eocene to Quaternary sequence was retrieved, including a continuous Eocene to Oligocene transition. At Site 575 a lower Miocene to Quaternary section was cored. The lower to middle Miocene section is characterized by high, constant carbonate contents and sediment accumulation rates of about 20 m/m.y.; the top of the recovered section contains two hiatuses and has accumulated at rates of less than 10 m/m.y. Except for thin, basal metalliferous layers, compositional changes in Leg 85 sediments result from shifts in the relative abundances of the biogenic siliceous or calcareous components. Leg 85 sites subsided and migrated at about 0.3 cm/yr., from about 3000 m in the eastern Pacific, south of the equator, to deeper (4000 to 4600 m), more western locations at or north of the equator. The sedimentary sequences recorded regional changes in productivity (biogenic sedimentation), dissolution, and erosion associated with the equatorial belt, as well as global paleoceanographic events. The most striking regional trend is an east-west decreasing gradient in deposition of biogenic silica, prevailing from middle Miocene to Recent, which mirrors present-day surface-water productivity. A less pronounced middle Miocene to Recent latitudinal trend in deposition appears to be the result of enhanced carbonate solution to the north. The effects of deposition in the equatorial high-productivity belt have not changed since the early Miocene. Below the middle/upper Miocene boundary, the sediments have a relatively constant high carbonate content, whereas above, carbonate percentages are highly variable. The changeover level is generally marked by a hiatus and significant changes in physical, chemical, and magnetic properties of the sediments. Results of Leg 85 contributed to advances in the four elements needed for an eventual paleoceanographic synthesis: (1) a high-resolution, multidisciplinary, and integrated datum-plane scheme and time scale, with an overall resolution of 0.13 to 0.38 m.y., was established; (2) a system of correctable acoustic reflectors was delineated over vast distances, and these reflectors were calibrated against age and physical and chemical properties at Sites 574; (3) a fine-scale geochemical (stable isotope and CaCO3) and micropaleontological climatic reconstruction was developed (discontinuously) from Oligocene to Pleistocene; and (4) broadly correctable hiatuses (NH, PH), defined by previous work, were recognized at Sites 573 to 575. The interval from 8 to 9 Ma serves to outline how integration of the foregoing elements could lead to a future synthesis. In the central basin of the equatorial Pacific, the interval from 8 to 9 Ma is marked by a hiatus (NH5) in siliceous clays. A correlative hiatus occurs in carbonate oozes of the equatorial region and in the northeastern Pacific rim, and may be correlated with the Purple equatorial Pacific reflector. The interval is characterized globally by a regression, by strong carbonate dissolution, and by isotopic and micropaleontological evidence of marked cooling. Further study of these paleoceanographic phenomena in a variety of depositional environments will lead to an understanding of their relationships and functioning

The New Testament Concept of the Personal Devil

It is the writer’s intention to show on the basis of the New Testament that our Lord Jesus Christ and the apostles and evangelists of the New Testament conceived the devil to be a very personal enemy of Our Lord Himself and of the communion of saints, His Church

Analysis of diurnal rhythms in Gallus Domesticus

The pineal of certain birds and mammals are known to contain bio-logically active amines which, with their enzymes, show circadian varia-tions. In the rat. Quay et al.8 have shown diurnal cycles in levels of pineal melatonin and 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) (Quay et al.9). Additionally, the activities of two pineal enzymes, hydroxy-indole-0- 21 methyltransferase (Axelrod et al.21) and N-acetyltransferase (Klein et al.20 have been described. Birds also possess circadian rhythms for those parameters described above. This investigation is a comparative study of the response of Gallus domesticus to changes in environmental lighting conditions as well as to the effects of pinealectomy on chosen internal body parameters. Various lighting and operative conditions were used, and the follow-ing materials were quantitatively analyzed: (1) blood glucose levels, (2) serum calcium, (3) liver glycogen, (4) N-acetyltransferase, (5) 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), (6) hydroxy-indole-0-methyltransferase, and (7) 5-methoxytryptamine (melatonin). The analysis included determining whether the animal possessed a cir-cadian rhythm under control conditions (12 hours light - 12 hours dark) and if the rhythms might be upset, or varied, by changing the external light patterns. Results from these experiments, although they are in somewhat dis-agreement with those of other investigators, strongly support a conclu-sion that the pineal gland acts as an extraretinal photoreceptor. The hydroxy-amines and those enzymes responsible for their formation afforded prime examples of circadian rhythms, and the control of those rhythms by an external stimulus (light). The basis for the studies was to determine whether or not the response of animals to light is monitored by the pineal and what the response dictates to the various body parameters which have previously been mentioned. The results of our studies on the above mentioned are described fully in the following chapters

Long or Short Sermon Texts?

Taking it for granted that the sermon should be based on a certain text, the question arises, Shall it be a long or a short text? By a long text we do not necessarily mean a text of ten to twenty or more verses. The pericope for the Fourth Sunday after Epiphany, Rom. 18, 8-10, although containing only three verses, is not a short text. And speaking of a short text, we do not mean a brief saying of Scripture which is torn out of its context and given a meaning different from that which it originally had, nor a few words of Scripture that are chosen merely for novelty\u27s sake