1,960 research outputs found
A Model Marketing Education/Store Management Program for Klahowya Secondary School
The purpose of this project was to develop a model Marketing Education/Store Management program for Klahowya Secondary School. The model program was designed for implementation with second year (grades 11-12) marketing education students at Klahowya Secondary School, Central Kitsap School District, Silverdale, Washington. To accomplish this purpose a review of literature was conducted. Additionally, related information and materials from selected sources were obtained and analyzed, including a survey that was sent to marketing education teachers in the State of Washington
Structural and elastic characterization of Cu-implanted SiOâ films on Si(100) substrates
Cu-implanted SiOâ films on Si(100) have been studied and compared to unimplanted SiOâ on Si(100) using x-ray methods, transmission electron microscopy, Rutherford backscattering, and Brillouin spectroscopy. The x-ray results indicate the preferred orientation of Cu {111} planes parallel to the Si substrate surface without any directional orientation for Cu-implanted SiOââSi(100) and for Cu-implanted and annealedSiOââSi(100). In the latter case, transmission electron microscopy reveals the presence of spherical nanocrystallites with an average size of âŒ2.5ânm. Rutherford backscattering shows that these crystallites (and the Cu in the as-implanted film) are largely confined to depths of 0.4â1.2âÎŒm below the film surface. Brillouin spectra contain peaks due to surface, film-guided and bulk acoustic modes. Surface (longitudinal) acoustic wave velocities for the implanted films were âŒ7% lower (âŒ2% higher) than for unimplanted SiOââSi(100). Elastic constants were estimated from the acoustic wave velocities and film densities. Cââ (Cââ) for the implanted films was âŒ10% higher (lower) than that for the unimplanted film. The differences in acoustic velocities and elastic moduli are ascribed to implantation-induced compaction and/or the presence of Cu in the SiOâ film.B.J. and M.C.R. are grateful for financial support from
the Australian Synchrotron Research Program, funded by the
Commonwealth of Australia. M.C.R. would also like to
thank the Australian Research Council for their financial support. The financial support of the Natural Sciences and Engineering
Research Council of Canada NSERC is gratefully
acknowledged by G.T.A. and J.S
Direct observation of substitutional Ga after ion implantation in Ge by means of extended x-ray absorption fine structure
We present an experimental lattice location study of Ga atoms in Ge after ion implantation at elevated temperature (250°C). Using extended x-rayabsorption fine structure (EXAFS) experiments and a dedicated sample preparation method, we have studied the lattice location of Ga atoms in Ge with a concentration ranging from 0.5 at. % down to 0.005 at. %. At Ga concentrations â€0.05âat.%, all Ga dopants are substitutional directly after ion implantation, without the need for post-implantation thermal annealing. At higher Ga concentrations, a reduction in the EXAFS amplitude is observed, indicating that a fraction of the Ga atoms is located in a defective environment. The local strain induced by the Ga atoms in the Ge matrix is independent of the Ga concentration and extends only to the first nearest neighbor Ge shell, where a 1% contraction in bond length has been measured, in agreement with density functional theory calculations.We acknowledge the support from the Research Foundation
Flanders, the epi-team from imec, the KU Leuven
GOA 09/06 project, the IUAP program P6/42 and the Australian
Research Council. S.C. acknowledges support from
OCAS NV by an OCAS-endowed chair at Ghent University
BostedslĂžse i Norge 2012 â en kartlegging
Download for free A summary in English can be downloaded here (PDF). Associated project BostedslĂžshet i Norge 201
The Nordic Seas carbon budget: Sources, sinks, and uncertainties
A carbon budget for the Nordic Seas is derived by combining recent inorganic carbon data from the CARINA database with relevant volume transports. Values of organic carbon in the Nordic Seas' water masses, the amount of carbon input from river runoff, and the removal through sediment burial are taken from the literature. The largest source of carbon to the Nordic Seas is the Atlantic Water that enters the area across the Greenland-Scotland Ridge; this is in particular true for the anthropogenic CO2. The dense overflows into the deep North Atlantic are the main sinks of carbon from the Nordic Seas. The budget show that presently 12.3 ± 1.4 Gt C yrâ1 is transported into the Nordic Seas and that 12.5 ± 0.9 Gt C yrâ1 is transported out, resulting in a net advective carbon transport out of the Nordic Seas of 0.17 ± 0.06 Gt C yrâ1. Taking storage into account, this implies a net air-to-sea CO2 transfer of 0.19 ± 0.06 Gt C yrâ1 into the Nordic Seas. The horizontal transport of carbon through the Nordic Seas is thus approximately two orders of magnitude larger than the CO2 uptake from the atmosphere. No difference in CO2 uptake was found between 2002 and the preindustrial period, but the net advective export of carbon from the Nordic Seas is smaller at present due to the accumulation of anthropogenic CO2
Tracking resource and policy impact in Malawi : Incorporating Malawi poverty reduction strategy paper indicators, millennium development goals & poverty monitoring across sectors
This report is prepared jointly by National Statistical Office in Malawi and Statistics Norway. The objective has been to
establish a system for statistical information to follow the potential effects of resources related to poverty and/or
allocated to social sectors and through all steps from available public service towards the final outcome and end
goals. This has included overall national policies affecting resource allocation for social sectors; allocation and
distribution of resources between and within sectors; access to and use of social service; outcome and achievements;
poverty reduction and other end goals; and feed back to economic, human and social development. The information
presented aims at allowing the reader to follow resource allocation from policy decisions towards human welfare and
quality of life, and the feed back towards economic and social development. Data presented are selected to provide
information for indicators of the Malawi Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper and the Millennium Development Goal
indicators and resources which potentially might affect these indicators
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Direct measurements of CO2 flux in the Greenland Sea
During summer 2006 eddy correlation CO2 fluxes were measured in the Greenland Sea using a novel system set-up with two shrouded LICOR-7500 detectors. One detector was used exclusively to determine, and allow the removal of, the bias on CO2 fluxes due to sensor motion. A recently published correction method for the CO2-H2O cross-correlation was applied to the data set. We show that even with shrouded sensors the data require significant correction due to this cross-correlation. This correction adjusts the average CO2 flux by an order of magnitude from -6.7 x 10â»ÂČ mol mâ»ÂČ dayâ»Âč to -0.61 x 10â»ÂČ mol mâ»ÂČ dayâ»Âč, making the corrected fluxes comparable to those calculated using established parameterizations for transfer velocity
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