Research in Perception and Impact of Advertising on the Consumers’ Market Behavior

The presented study is aimed at identification of the impact of advertising on the consumers’ opinion and behavior as well as efficient forms and elements of the advertising message. The analysis and conclusions are based on the results of the questionnaire survey planned and executed by the authoress. The respondents’ opinions document the perception of advertising messages and attitude thereto. The obtained data prove that the advertising constitutes an element of marketing, which affects both the consumers’ behaviour and their purchase decisions. Therefore the research in advertising in relation to the perception and market behavior of the message receivers as well as the assessment of its effectiveness should form a significant area of the marketing activity for each company, while the information obtained there from should be the basic premise for the process of marketing decision-taking

METHODS FOR DETECTION OF TORNADOES IN POLAND (CASE STUDY)

The purpose of this paper is to specify potential meteorological conditions characteristic for a day (14th July 2012) when dangerous whirlwinds occured in Poland, as well as to evaluate the possibility to detect them by means of available methods and devices. Based on ESWD reports, a set of tornado-type occurrences was selected. Several radar products were analysed in time intervals of 10 minutes. The following parameters were considered: maximum values of reflectivity, vertical wind profile, as well as echo height. Based on satellite images the altitude of storm cloud tops was defined. The data concerning radar products comes from the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management. The satellite images were acquired from the website. Additionally, vertical aerological soundings and synoptic maps were used. In order to analyse thermodynamic instability, convective indices were calculated

Should perioperative chemotherapy in triple negative breast cancer routinely comprise platinum salts? A vote for no

Breast cancer is the most common female neoplasm in Poland and worldwide, its mortality rate ranking second only to lung cancer. There are several biological subtypes, differing, among other parameters, as to prognosis and perioperative treatment recommendations. Triple negative breast cancer is one of the worst prognoses and systemic preoperative treatment is recommended as early as of II TNM stage. Pathological complete response (pCR) may result in an improved prognosis. Most patients respond well to standard chemotherapy and there is no need to include platinum derivatives in perioperative therapies. One should remember that platinum salts use not only increases the percentage of pCRs, but also results in an increased therapeutic toxicity; it does not, however, have an impact on disease free survival (DFS) an overall survival (OS)

Trastuzumab deruxtecan in the treatment of adult patients with HER2-positive breast cancer

In 2020, approximately 18,000 women in Poland were diagnosed with breast cancer, and 6,000 of them died. In recent years, we have witnessed significant progress in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer patients. When detected early and treated appropriately, the prognosis is very good, and even some patients with distant metastases have experienced long-term survival. The most common biological subtype is hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, accounting for about 70% of diagnoses, showing expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors. Triple-negative breast cancer and HER2-positive breast cancer each make up approximately 15% of all cases. In the treatment of advanced HER2-positive breast cancer, a combination of docetaxel with pertuzumab and trastuzumab is used in the first line. In subsequent lines of treatment, options include trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd), trastuzumab emtansine, lapatinib, tucatinib, margetuximab, and trastuzumab. Trastuzumab derukstekan is an immunoconjugate that, upon entering the cell, releases a cytostatic agent that destroys its genetic material and neighboring cells (the “bystander effect”). It significantly prolongs the time to disease progression and overall survival compared to standard treatments used in the second and subsequent lines of treatment. It represents an effective and valuable therapeutic option for patients with early-stage HER2- positive metastatic breast cancer

The central bank or the government – who really dictates the terms of the policy-mix cooperation in economies with an independent monetary policy?

The objective of this paper is to consider the cooperative game between the central bank and the government in the case of a non-euro country in the European Union or another country in the world that conducts an independent monetary policy and where statutory deficit restrictions were imposed on its budget. The study takes into account two independent players – the government and the central bank – that make autonomous decisions and are responsible for fiscal and monetary policy, respectively. Our mathematical policy mix model is based on the assumption that there exists some level of coordination between these policies. The article aims to analyse how the level of cooperation influences the behaviour of decision-makers in a specific policy mix model. As a result, the government taking into account the central bank’s goals has no impact on the equilibrium of the budget deficit and interest rates. The conclusion about the central bank’s privileged position emerged as a mathematical consequence of the proposed model. This is confirmed by another case where the government does not consider the central bank’s target in its decisions; then, it does not prevent the monetary authorities from influencing the Nash equilibrium level of either decision variabl

Pamięć o wybitnych nauczycielach akademickich i jej wpływ na kształtowanie poglądów pedeutologicznych

The purpose of this article is to commemorate the achievements of two university teachers: Antoni Danysz and Kazimierz Twardowski. In particular, we concentrated on those aspects of their work that are valuable in terms of pedeutology. Considerations discussion are intended to: How were remembered above replace the teachers? What they distinguished for posterity? What scope is their activity enriching the knowledge about the teacher? For developing these issues we used studies and memories literature, containing mentions of their activity.The memory of the outstanding academic teachers and its influence on the shape views pedeutologyThe purpose of this article is to commemorate the achievements of two university teachers: Antoni Danysz and Kazimierz Twardowski. In particular, we concentrated on those aspects of their work that are valuable in terms of pedeutology. Considerations discussion are intended to: How were remembered above replace the teachers? What they distinguished for posterity? What scope is their activity enriching the knowledge about the teacher? For developing these issues we used studies and memories literature, containing mentions of their activity

Phytoplankton communities in the Sulejów Reservoir in 1996—1997

The phytoplankton in the Sulejów Reservoir in 1996-1997 was dominant in spring and autumn by diatoms. The cyanobacteria were high only in several months in summer and early autumn. Biomass values was of 0.3 to 63.4 mg dm^˗3­. The most abundant were Stephanodiscus hantzschii (Grun.), Aulacoseira granulatu (Ehr.) Simonsen, Asterionella formosa (Hass.), Cyclotella comta (Ehr.) Kutz of diatoms, Trachelomonas volvocina Ehr of euglenids, Pediastrum boryanum (Turp.) Meenegh., Scenedesmus quadricauda (Turp.) Breb. Staurastrum sp. of green algae and M¡crocLstis aeruginosa Kutz and Aphanisozomenon flos-aquae (L.) Ralfs. of cyanobacteria. Corelations between the biomass of phytoplankton and temperature, pH, concentration of nitrate nitrogen and phosphorus in water were determined.Zadanie pt. „Digitalizacja i udostępnienie w Cyfrowym Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego kolekcji czasopism naukowych wydawanych przez Uniwersytet Łódzki” nr 885/P-DUN/2014 zostało dofinansowane ze środków MNiSW w ramach działalności upowszechniającej naukę