Avaliação da satisfação e a importância atribuída pelos utentes aos serviços prestados na área de colheitas de sangue

Com o objectivo de avaliar a satisfação e importância atribuída pelos utentes aos serviços prestados no Serviço de Colheitas, realizou-se um estudo observacional descritivo transversal. A amostra foi constituída pelos 107 utentes deste Serviço do Hospital de São João, que aceitaram voluntariamente participar no estudo através do preenchimento do QSUSC. Da análise conjugada das variáveis satisfação e importância concluiu-se que o tempo de espera para a colheita de sangue é uma área que requer acções de melhoria de grande prioridade. Na análise bivariada entre a satisfação e variáveis independentes os resultados apontam que existe associação apenas com o estado civil.In order to evaluate the satisfaction and the importance given by Sample Collection Service’s users, it was conducted a cross-sectional observational study. The sample consisted of 107 users of this Service of Hospital de São João, who voluntarily accepted participating in the study through QSUSC’s completion. From the combined analysis of the variables satisfaction and importance it was concluded that the waiting time for blood collection is a matter requiring high priority improvement actions. Bivariate analysis between satisfaction and independent variables showed that there is an association only with marital status

Chloroform formation by chlorination of aqueous algae suspensions: online monitoring via membrane introduction mass spectrometry

Membrane introduction mass spectrometry (MIMS) was used to perform on-line monitoring of the chloroform formation via the chlorination of aqueous suspensions of several green and blue-green Brazilian algae (Microcystis panniformis, Selenastrum sp., Scenedesmus sp., Monoraphidium sp. (strain 354), Monoraphidium sp. (strain 960), and Staurastrum sp.). The influence of major parameters, such as temperature, pH, initial concentration of sodium hypochloride, filtration, and reaction time, on chloroform formation was evaluated. It was verified that the chloroform formation is strongly dependent on the alga type and is favored by high temperatures, pH, sodium hypochloride initial concentration and reaction time. Finally, filtered algae samples produce smaller amounts of chloroform in comparison to the rough suspension.A técnica MIMS (membrane introduction mass spectrometry) foi utilizada para monitorar a formação de clorofórmio durante a cloração de suspensões aquosas de várias espécies brasileiras de algas verdes e azuis (Microcystis panniformis, Selenastrum sp., Scenedesmus sp., Monoraphidium sp. (strain 354), Monoraphidium sp. (strain 960), and Staurastrum sp.). Foram avaliadas as influências de parâmetros como temperatura, pH, concentração inicial de hipoclorito de sódio, filtração e tempo de reação. Foi constatado que o teor de clorofórmio é fortemente dependente da espécie de alga e também é favorecido com o aumento da temperatura, pH, dosagem de cloro inicial e do tempo de reação. Amostras de suspensões de algas submetidas a filtração produziram menores quantidades de clorofórmio em comparação com as amostras brutas.950955Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes do not support replication of Zika virus

The rapid spread of Zika virus (ZIKV) in the Americas raised many questions about the role of Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes in transmission, in addition to the key role played by the vector Aedes aegypti. Here we analysed the competence of Cx. quinquefasciatus (with or without Wolbachia endosymbionts) for a ZIKV isolate. We also examined the induction of RNA interference pathways after viral challenge and the production of small virus-derived RNAs. We did not observe any infection nor such small virus-derived RNAs, regardless of the presence or absence of Wolbachia. Thus, Cx. quinquefasciatus does not support ZIKV replication and Wolbachia is not involved in producing this phenotype. In short, these mosquitoes are very unlikely to play a role in transmission of ZIKV

Serum lipids and prostate cancer

Background: Conflicting results are found in the literature relating serum lipids levels and prostate cancer. Some results imply a relationship between them; others contradict this association. The purpose of this study was to investigate a possible association between serum lipids levels and prostate cancer, at time of diagnosis. Methods: We measured serum levels of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides in 237 patients submitted to a prostate biopsy, with PSA between 2 and 10 ng/ml. Patients without cancer at biopsy were used as controls, and the others were considered as cases. No information about lipid-lowering therapy, including statins, was available neither in cases nor in controls. Cases were divided into risk groups, according to the disease severity, based on staging. Lipids levels were compared between groups, using parametric and nonparametric tests. Logistic regression analysis and odds ratios were calculated. Results: LDL and total cholesterol levels were lower in patients with cancer, with the difference being statistically significant for LDL cholesterol (p = 0.010) and borderline for total cholesterol (p = 0.050). No significant differences were found between the several risk groups. Odds ratios for low LDL cholesterol (<130 mg/dl) and low total cholesterol (<200 mg/dl), with prostate cancer as the outcome, were 1.983 and 1.703, respectively. There were no significant differences between cases and controls for the other lipids. Conclusion: Lower LDL cholesterol (<130 mg/dl) and lower total cholesterol (<200 mg/dl) serum levels seem to associate with prostate cancer, at time of diagnosis.publishersversionpublishe

Xanthohumol-supplemented beer modulates angiogenesis and inflammation in a skin wound healing model. Involvement of local adipocytes

Angiogenesis and inflammation are two intermingled processes that play a role in wound healing. Nevertheless, whenever exacerbated, these processes result in nonhealing wounds. Xanthohumol (XN), a beer-derived polyphenol, inhibits these processes in many physiopathological situations. This study aimed at examining whether XN ingestion affects wound healing. Wistar rats drinking water, 5% ethanol, stout beer (SB) or stout beer supplemented with 10 mg/L XN (Suppl SB) for 4 weeks, were subjected to a 1.5 cm full skin-thickness longitudinal incision, and further maintained under the same beverage conditions for another week. No differences in beverage consumption or body weight were found throughout the study but food intake decreased in every group relative to controls. Consumption of Suppl SB resulted in decreased serum VEGF levels (18.42%), N-acetylglucosaminidase activity (27.77%), IL1β concentration (9.07%), and NO released (77.06%), accompanied by a reduced redox state as observed by increased GSH/GSSG ratio (to 198.80%). Also, the number of blood vessels within the wound granulation tissue seems to reduce in animals drinking Suppl SB (23.08%). Interestingly, SB and primarily Suppl SB showed a tendency to increase adipocyte number (to 194.26% and 156.68%, respectively) and reduce adipocyte size (4.60% and 24.64%, respectively) within the granuloma. Liver function and metabolism did not change among the animal groups as analyzed by plasma biochemical parameters, indicating no beverage toxicity. This study shows that XN intake in its natural beer context reduced inflammation, oxidative stress, and angiogenesis, ameliorating the wound healing process, suggesting that this polyphenol may exert beneficial effect as a nutritional supplement.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Antiviral RNA interference activity in cells of the predatory mosquito, Toxorhynchites amboinensis

Arthropod vectors control the replication of arboviruses through their innate antiviral immune responses. In particular, the RNA interference (RNAi) pathways are of notable significance for the control of viral infections. Although much has been done to understand the role of RNAi in vector populations, little is known about its importance in non-vector mosquito species. In this study, we investigated the presence of an RNAi response in Toxorhynchites amboinensis, which is a non-blood feeding species proposed as a biological control agent against pest mosquitoes. Using a derived cell line (TRA-171), we demonstrate that these mosquitoes possess a functional RNAi response that is active against a mosquito-borne alphavirus, Semliki Forest virus. As observed in vector mosquito species, small RNAs are produced that target viral sequences. The size and characteristics of these small RNAs indicate that both the siRNA and piRNA pathways are induced in response to infection. Taken together, this data suggests that Tx. amboinensis are able to control viral infections in a similar way to natural arbovirus vector mosquito species. Understanding their ability to manage arboviral infections will be advantageous when assessing these and similar species as biological control agents

Dynamics of the shrub-tree component of an alluvial gallery forest on the Poços de Caldas Plateau, MG State, Brazil

A dinâmica do componente arbustivo-arbóreo foi investigada em uma floresta de galeria aluvial em Poços de Caldas, Minas Gerais, entre 1998 e 2005. Os objetivos principais foram: investigar se as taxas de dinâmica das florestas de galeria aluviais são inferiores a outras formações florestais ripárias tropicais e, se as inundações periódicas geram variação espacial na dinâmica no sentido Rio-Borda. A amostragem foi composta de 101 parcelas de 10 × 10 m, distribuídas em 5 blocos ao longo de, aproximadamente, 8 km da floresta do Rio das Antas. Cada bloco foi dividido em 3 setores (Rio, Interior e Borda). Comparativamente a outras florestas tropicais ripárias, a floresta em estudo apresentou taxas de dinâmica mais lentas. A Borda foi mais dinâmica que os outros setores, provavelmente devido à maior incidência luminosa, propiciando ambiente adequado às espécies de ciclo de vida curto.The dynamics of the shrub-tree component was investigated in an alluvial gallery forest in Poços de Caldas, Minas Gerais, from 1998 to 2005. The main objective of this study was to verify if the rates of the dynamics of the alluvial gallery forests are less than other tropical riparian forest formations. Seasonal flooding was also studied to see if it generates a spatial variation in the dynamics of going from the stream side towards the forest border. The sample consisted of 101, 10×10-meter plots that were distributed in five blocks extending approximately 8 km along the Antas River's forest. Each block was divided into three sectors (stream side, forest interior, and forest edge). Compared with other tropical forests, especially the riparian ones, this forest showed lower rates in terms of structural alterations. The forest edge is more dynamic, mainly due to the greater amount of sunlight, which supplies an adequate environment for species with a short life cycle

Atrial fibrillation ablation : the added value of adenosine test in confirming pulmonary vein isolation

© The European Society of Cardiology 2018. All rights reserved.Introduction: Adenosine test has been increasingly used to confirm pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) in patients undergoing ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF). However, its impact on the success of ablation remains unknown. Purposes: To evaluate the results of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) test in patients undergoing PVI and assess the success of ablation related to the use of this test (adenosine-guided PVI versus conventional PVI). Methods: Single-center prospective study of consecutive patients undergoing first AF ablation procedure, started at January 2013. After ablation, the persistence of PVI was tested with adenosine triphosphate administration (15–30mg by intravenous route). When adenosine triphosphate-induced pulmonary vein conduction (termed as reconduction) was observed, additional energy applications of radiofrequency were applied to obtain persistent isolation on retesting. Cardiac event recorder was performed at 7 days, 3, 6 and 12 months after ablation and annually from the 2nd year. The adenosine triphosphate-induced reconduction rate was evaluated depending on the pulmonary vein involved. The impact of adenosine test implementation in the success of the ablation at 365 days (recurrence of AF or supraventricular tachycardia) was determined by analysis of overall survival using Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Adenosine test was performed on 151 patients, with reconduction detected on at least one of the pulmonary veins in 11 patients (33.8%) and in 17.6% of the 641 pulmonary veins evaluated, with no statistically significant difference between the different veins. The overall success rate of AF ablation at 365 days was 72% and did not differ significantly between adenosine-guided PVI versus conventional PVI (74.3% versus 70.8%, P = NS), although the duration of follow-up had been shorter in the first group (median of 13.0 vs. 38.3 months; p<0.001). Conclusion: The adenosine-induced reconduction occurs in about one third of the patients. However, the additional adenosine-guided energy applications do not seem to increase the overall success of ablation. We found no significant reduction in the 1 year incidence of recurrent atrial tachyarrhythmias by ATP-guided PVI compared with conventional PVI.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Persistent organic pollutant levels in human visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue in obese individuals - Depot differences and dysmetabolism implications

Background: The role of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) with endocrine disrupting activity in the aetiology of obesity and other metabolic dysfunctions has been recently highlighted. Adipose tissue (AT) is a common site of POPs accumulation where they can induce adverse effects on human health. Objectives: To evaluate the presence of POPs in human visceral (vAT) and subcutaneous (scAT) adipose tissue in a sample of Portuguese obese patients that underwent bariatric surgery, and assess their putative association with metabolic disruption preoperatively, as well as with subsequent body mass index (BMI) reduction. Methods: AT samples (n=189) from obese patients (BMI ≥35) were collected and the levels of 13 POPs were determined by gas chromatography with electron-capture detection (GC-ECD). Anthropometric and biochemical data were collected at the time of surgery. BMI variation was evaluated after 12 months and adipocyte size was measured in AT samples. Results: Our data confirm that POPs are pervasive in this obese population (96.3% of detection on both tissues), their abundance increasing with age (RS=0.310, p<0.01) and duration of obesity (RS=0.170, p<0.05). We observed a difference in AT depot POPs storage capability, with higher levels of ΣPOPs in vAT (213.9±204.2 compared to 155.1±147.4 ng/g of fat, p<0.001), extremely relevant when evaluating their metabolic impact. Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between POP levels and the presence of metabolic syndrome components, namely dysglycaemia and hypertension, and more importantly with cardiovascular risk (RS=0.277, p<0.01), with relevance for vAT (RS=0.315, p<0.01). Finally, we observed an interesting relation of higher POP levels with lower weight loss in older patients. Conclusion: Our sample of obese subjects allowed us to highlight the importance of POPs stored in AT on the development of metabolic dysfunction in a context of obesity, shifting the focus to their metabolic effects and not only for their recognition as environmental obesogens