Inhibition of the m6A reader IGF2BP2 as a strategy against T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive malignant leukemia with extremely limited treatment for relapsed patients. N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) reader insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) participates in the initiation and growth of cancers by communicating with various targets. Here, we found IGF2BP2 was highly expressed in T-ALL. Gain and loss of IGF2BP2 demonstrated IGF2BP2 was essential for T-ALL cell proliferation in vitro and loss of IGF2BP2 prolonged animal survival in a human T-ALL xenograft model. Mechanistically, IGF2BP2 directly bound to T-ALL oncogene NOTCH1 via an m6A dependent manner. Furthermore, we identified a small-molecule IGF2BP2 inhibitor JX5 and treatment of T-ALL with JX5 showed similar functions as knockdown of IGF2BP2. These findings not only shed light on the role of IGF2BP2 in T-ALL, but also provide an alternative γ‑Secretase inhibitors (GSI) therapy to treat T-ALL.Inhibition of the m6A reader IGF2BP2 as a strategy against T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemiapublishedVersio

Macropinocytosis in Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis (Rhodophyta)

Macropinocytosis is an endocytic process that plays an important role in animal development and disease occurrence but until now has been rarely reported in organisms with cell walls. We investigated the properties of endocytosis in a red alga, Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis. The cells non-selectively internalized extracellular fluid into large-scale endocytic vesicles (1.94 ± 0.51 μm), and this process could be inhibited by 5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl) amiloride, an macropinocytosis inhibitor. Moreover, endocytosis was driven by F-actin, which promotes formation of ruffles and cups from the cell surface and facilitates formation of endocytotic vesicles. After vesicle formation, endocytic vesicles could be acidified and acquire digestive function. These results indicated macropinocytosis in G. lemaneiformis. Abundant phosphatidylinositol kinase and small GTPase encoding genes were found in the genome of this alga, while PI3K, Ras, and Rab5, the important participators of traditional macropinocytosis, seem to be lacked. Such findings provide a new insight into endocytosis in organisms with cell walls and facilitate further research into the core regulatory mechanisms and evolution of macropinocytosis

The socio-spatial design of community and governance: Interdisciplinary urban design in China

This book proposes a new interdisciplinary understanding of urban design in China based on a study of the transformative effects of socio-spatial design and planning on communities and their governance. This is framed by an examination of the social projects, spaces, and realities that have shaped three contexts critical to the understanding of urban design problems in China: the histories of “collective forms” and “collective spaces”, such as that of the urban danwei (work-unit), which inform current community building and planning; socio-spatial changes in urban and rural development; and disparate practices of “spatialised governmentality”. These contexts and an attendant transformation from planning to design and from government to governance, define the current urban design challenges found in the dominant urban xiaoqu (small district) and shequ (community) development model. Examining the histories, transformations, and practices that have shaped socio-spatial epistemologies and experiences in China – including a specific sense of community and place that is rather based on a concrete “collective” than abstract “public” space and underpinned by socialised governance – this book brings together a diverse range of observations, thoughts, analyses, and projects by urban researchers and practitioners. Thereby discussing emerging interdisciplinary urban design practices in China, this book offers a valuable resource for all academics, practitioners, and stakeholders with an interest in socio-spatial design and development

Methodology and applications of city level CO2 emission accounts in China

China is the world's largest energy consumer and CO2 emitter. Cities contribute 85% of the total CO2 emissions in China and thus are considered as the key areas for implementing policies designed for climate change adaption and CO2 emission mitigation. However, the emission inventory construction of Chinese cities has not been well researched, mainly owing to the lack of systematic statistics and poor data quality. Focusing on this research gap, we developed a set of methods for constructing CO2 emissions inventories for Chinese cities based on energy balance table. The newly constructed emission inventory is compiled in terms of the definition provided by the IPCC territorial emission accounting approach and covers 47 socioeconomic sectors, 17 fossil fuels and 9 primary industry products, which is corresponding with the national and provincial inventory. In the study, we applied the methods to compile CO2 emissions inventories for 24 common Chinese cities and examined uncertainties of the inventories. Understanding the emissions sources in Chinese cities is the basis for many climate policy and goal research in the future

Travel blogs on China as a destination image formation agent: A qualitative analysis using Leximancer

The Internet spreads tourism information around the world and specifically travel blogs function as an online version of word-of-mouth (eWOM). This research explored the role of blogs as a destination image formation agent for China's inbound tourism. Data were collected from 630 bloggers who wrote on two blog websites about their travels within China in 2011 and 2012. The bloggers on TravelBlog.org and TravelPod.com were mainly from English-speaking countries. Qualitative analysis using Leximancer software was applied and identified nine major textual themes and the relationships among these themes. In order of relative importance, the themes were place, Chinese, people, food, train, city, hotel, China, and students. The research indicated that international tourists tended to have positive images of China

Multivariable Anomaly Detection Framework for Multi-sensor Network: From rule-based to data-driven

With the demand for more information on the building’s indoor climate, a massive amount of multi-sensors are mounted in buildings. Sensor anomalies in smart buildings lead to higher energy consumption and a less comfortable indoor climate. In the state of practice, rule-based approaches were proposed to detect and diagnose sensor anomalies in the building sensor network. However, as the number of sensors is growing and the types of sensors are becoming more diverse, rule-based approaches become more and more limiting and expensive.This project proposed a data-driven detection and diagnosis framework that transfer the knowledge from one sensor to the other sensors in the network for detecting and diagnosing sensor anomalies in the smart building. In the proposed framework, all the data from one room that contains targeted anomalies is chosen to be the training set. Principal component analysis (PCA) is used to extract the features, and support vector machine (SVM) is used to model the classifier. This framework is tested specifically on all the CO2 sensors in a smart building. Functions of detecting a single anomaly, detecting mixed anomaly and diagnosis anomaly are evaluated and compared with the state of practice. Moreover, the influence of anomaly rate on the performance of the proposed method is investigated. In order to test the sensitivity to the training dataset, a final experiment was performed where the room that provide the training data was changed to a different room.Mechanical Engineering | Systems and Contro

Experimental and numerical investigation on overall performance of a radial inflow turbine for 100kw microturbine

ABSTRACT This paper describes a study on overall performance of the radial inflow turbine for a 100kW microturbine by means of experimental and numerical investigations. All tests are performed with a turbine inlet temperature of 773K and an atmospheric exit pressure, and the rotor rotational speed is ranged from 20000 to 50000 rpm. In addition, the overall performance and the energy loss characteristics for each component of the radial inflow turbine are investigated by 3D Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes solutions. The volute, the whole passages of nozzle vanes and rotor, and the exhaust diffuser are meshed with multi-block structured grid. The results of numerical simulation agreed well, as a whole, with that of the experiment both for stage mass flow rate and stage total-static efficiency, which achieved the desired requirements of the design. Based on the results of numerical simulation, the losses of components and exit velocity are analyzed respectively at the off-design conditions. At turbine design point, the losses of volute, nozzle, rotor, exit velocity and exhaust diffuser are about 1.5%, 25%, 43%, 19.5%, 11% of the total loss, respectively, and the rotor incidence angle is basically at optimized value of -23.6°. The losses of rotor and exit velocity change significantly when stage expansion ratio or the rotational speed of rotor altered. In addition, the loss of volute is relative small in the nozzled radial inflow turbine, and then the effect of volute can be neglected in the process of thermal aerodynamic design

Synthesis and Raman Performance Enhancement of Multilayer AuAg Heterostructures with Magnetic Resonance

Significant amplification of surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) signals can be achieved mainly by the electric field enhancement in metal core-shell nanostructures, and the enhanced magnetic field is rarely studied. In this study, we prepared multi-gap Au/AgAu core-shell hybrid nanostructures by using gold nanocup as the core. The overgrowth processes to grow one, two, and three layers of AgAu hybrid nanoshells can produce Au/AgAu1, Au/AgAu2, and Au/AgAu3 heteronanostructures. The strong plasmon coupling between the core and shell leads to significant electromagnetic field enhancement. Under the synergistic effect of electromagnetic plasmon resonance and plasmon coupling, Au/AgAu core-shell hybrid nanostructures exhibit excellent SERS signals. We also investigate the effect of the interstitial position of the rhodamine B (RhB) molecule on Raman enhancement in Au/AgAu3 heteronanostructures. This study can provide new ideas for the synthesis of multi-gap Raman signal amplifiers based on magnetic plasmon coupling

Experimental Investigation of Thermal Runaway Characteristics of Large-Format Li(Ni_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1)O₂ Battery under Different Heating Powers and Areas

This study experimentally investigates the effects of different heating powers and areas on the jet behavior and thermal runaway (TR) of 75 Ah LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 pouch lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in an open environment. TR, a critical safety concern for LIBs, can occur under overheating conditions. The TR behavior of LIBs was characterized by flame behavior, temperature characteristics, mass variation, jet dynamics, and residue formations. The results reveal that the heating power density primarily influences the time to initiate TR. Lower power densities extend the heating time and require higher energy to induce TR, thereby exerting a more considerable impact on the battery. The heating area predominantly affects the input energy and the extent of damage. Larger areas lead to more stable jet flames, consistent peak temperatures ranging between 1000 °C and 1300 °C, and mass loss ratios ranging from 44% to 53% compared to 43% to 47% for small-area heaters. These findings provide references for the safety design of battery assemblies and the prevention of TR propagation, contributing to the safer monitoring of LIBs