La Movilidad Intergeneracional del Ingreso: Evidencia para Argentina

This paper takes advantage of a new source of information – the Gallup World Poll 2006 – to estimate and characterize income poverty and inequality in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) at the country level, and to compare LAC estimates to those in other regions of the world. The Gallup survey has the advantage of being conducted in over 130 nations with almost the same questionnaire in all countries, and then it stands as a complement to national household surveys for international comparison purposes.

How Much is That Soup? : An Evaluation of How Taste Is Influenced by Price

Extrinsic and intrinsic cues play a vital role in the judgment and evaluation of food. The effect of price (i.e., extrinsic cue) on expected and actual liking ratings was studied. There were three independent experiments done in this study. Experiment 1 was done to determine the prices used in the two subsequent experiments. In Experiments 2 and 3 subjects rated the expected (Experiment 2) and actual (Experiment 3) liking of the same brand of tomato soup presented at three different price levels: $2.50 (low),$3.25 (average), and $5.50 (high). In addition to the liking judgment, subjects were asked to evaluate the quality of the ingredients, what kind of ingredients were used to make the soup, where the soup would be served, and what would be an appropriate name for the soup. We predicted that participants in Experiment 3 would have ratings that were influenced by their expectations which should be similar to subjects in Experiment 2. The ratings in Experiment 3 could either show assimilation or contrast to the expectation ratings of Experiment 2. The price of the soup did not affect expectations in Experiment 2. However, price did affect quality ratings in Experiment 3. Participants in the average price condition rated the soup significantly higher in quality of the ingredients than did participants in the low price condition when they tasted the soup. That is, assimilation occurred, the high price condition was not significantly different from the other two conditions. While there was an effect of price on the quality ratings of the soup ingredients this study did not show that the effect was related to expectations about the soup

Correlating fissure occurrence to rice quality for various drying and tempering treatments

When a rice kernel fissures, it can break in subsequent food processing operations and lose its commercial value. Head rice yield (HRY) is a measure of the percent of kernels that remain whole (at least three-fourths of original length) after rice has been milled. Our experiment was designed to test the effect of a rapid state transition during drying and tempering processes using cultivars Bengal and Cypress. ‘Bengal’ is a medium-size kernel and ‘Cypress’ is a longsize, thinner grained cultivar. Immediately after drying, the rice samples were separated into four sub-samples and tempered for 0, 80, 160, or 240 minutes at the temperature of the drying air. Tempering is a process to allow kernel moisture content gradients to decrease, thereby reducing the stress within the kernel. From each sample, 400 kernels were randomly selected, visually observed, and the percentage of fissured kernels determined. Results showed that the percentage of fissured kernels generally decreased with tempering. However, some samples still showed many fissures even after extended tempering, yet had a high HRY. While HRY is currently the primary index of rice quality, it is known that fissured kernels can severely and detrimentally affect end-use processing operations such as cooking or puffing. Thus, the tempering duration required for preventing kernel fissuring might be longer than the tempering duration required for maintaining a high HRY

Neighborhood-level social deprivation and the HIV care continuum among persons newly diagnosed with HIV in North Carolina, 2013-2017

Background: Increased area-level deprivation has been linked with a variety of negative HIV-related outcomes. Because individuals can experience multiple disadvantages simultaneously, a composite deprivation index representing multiple exposures can be useful for understanding the relationship between neighborhood deprivation and HIV care outcomes.Methods: We used communicable disease surveillance data from people newly diagnosed with HIV in North Carolina between July 2013 and December 2017 (N=5874) to investigate the association between neighborhood deprivation and three outcomes: linkage to care within 30 days of diagnosis, viral suppression within 365 days of diagnosis, and retention in care among those who linked within a year. Outcomes were based on laboratory measures reported to the surveillance system. We calculated probability differences (PD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) comparing outcomes among individuals in more deprived census tracts to those in the least deprived tracts, with deprivation measured using a neighborhood index. Results: Overall, 63% of individuals linked to care within 30 days, 70% were virally suppressed within a year of diagnosis, and of those who linked within a year, 76% were retained in care. Individuals living in more deprived tracts had lower probabilities of being linked to care (PD: -7.7%; 95%CI, -11.1%, -4.3%) and achieving viral suppression (PD: -5.1%; 95% CI, -8.4%, -1.8%) than those in the least deprived tracts. There was no meaningful variation among quartiles of neighborhood deprivation regarding retention in care (PD: 2.5%; 95%CI, -0.9%, 5.8%).Conclusion: Increased neighborhood deprivation is negatively associated with successful care outcomes. By studying associations between neighborhood deprivation and HIV care outcomes, we can identify neighborhoods in which community-level interventions to support care engagement are most needed.Doctor of Philosoph

Weak variable step-size Euler schemes for stochastic differential equations based on controlling conditional moments

We address the weak numerical solution of stochastic differential equations driven by independent Brownian motions (SDEs for short). This paper develops a new methodology to design adaptive strategies for determining automatically the step-sizes of the numerical schemes that compute the mean values of smooth functions of the solutions of SDEs. First, we introduce a general method for constructing variable step-size weak schemes for SDEs, which is based on controlling the matching between the first conditional moments of the increments of the numerical integrator and the ones corresponding to an additional weak approximation. To this end, we use certain local discrepancy functions that do not involve sampling random variables. Precise directions for designing suitable discrepancy functions and for selecting starting step-sizes are given. Second, we introduce three variable step-size Euler schemes derived from three different discrepancy functions, as well as four variable step-size higher order weak schemes are proposed. Third, to compute the expectation of functionals of diffusion processes a general procedure for designing adaptive schemes with variable step-size and sample-size is presented, which combines a conventional Monte Carlo technique for estimating the total number of simulations with the new variable step-size weak schemes. Finally, a variety of numerical simulations are presented to show the potential of the introduced variable step-size strategies and adaptive schemes to overcome known instability problems of the conventional fixed step-size schemes in the computation of diffusion functional expectations.Comment: 41 pages, 4 figure

Adaptación de la escala de craving a la cocaína en drogodependientes de comunidades terapéuticas de Lima Metropolitana

presente estudio tiene como finalidad Adaptar la Escala de Craving a la cocaína en drogodependientes de Comunidades Terapéuticas de Lima Metropolitana. Para esta investigación se trabajo con una población de 123 drogodependientes hombres y mujeres de 19 a más edad consumidores de cocaína y PBC. Se realizo una validación por criterio de jueces, la cual determino que los ítems se encuentran correctamente entendióles. La prueba alcanza una confiabilidad alta de 0.82 estudiada con el Alfa de Cronbach. Asimismo, se realizo una validez empírica por medio de la comparación del CCQ-G y el E.M.C.A. la cual dio como resultado una alta correlación

Diseño e implementación de una unidad didáctica interactiva apoyada en tic, para la enseñanza-aprendizaje significativo del tema genética, de ciencias naturales en estudiantes del grado octavo, Institución Educativa José María Vélaz, Medellín

Resumen: El documento presentado a continuación, titulado: diseño e implementación de una unidad didáctica interactiva apoyada en tic, para la enseñanza-aprendizaje significativo del tema genética, de ciencias naturales en estudiantes del grado octavo, institución educativa José María Vélaz, Medellín, constituye el trabajo final de la maestría en enseñanza de las ciencias exactas y naturales. En este trabajo se muestra la importancia que tienen las TIC en la educación, específicamente en el área de ciencias naturales ya que se plantea una herramienta interactiva de enseñanza del tema Genética en el área de Ciencias Naturales y Educación Ambiental, a través de la utilización de una aplicación interactiva. Los temas que se abordarán en el marco teórico serán el aprendizaje significativo, la construcción de una unidad didáctica, se hablará sobre la importancia de las TIC (Tecnología de la información y la comunicación) y de la manera como son aplicadas en la educación, se detallará el plan de estudios de genética dictado en el grado octavo en el área de ciencias naturales, de la básica, según los estándares educativos expedidos por el Ministerio de Educación Nacional. La metodología que se utilizará para el desarrollo de este proyecto está dividida en cuatro etapas que serán desarrolladas a través de actividades para realizar en 10 semanas de acuerdo al cronograma planteado.Abstract: The document presented below, entitled: design and implementation of an interactive teaching unit supported in ICT, for the meaningful learning of the genetic issue of natural science in the eighth grade, school José María Vélaz, Medellin, is the final work of master's degree in teaching of the natural sciences. This work demonstrates the importance that have ICT in education, specifically in the area of natural sciences since there is an interactive teaching tool of the genetics issue in the area of natural science and environmental education, through the use of an interactive application. The topics that will be addressed in the theoretical framework will be meaningful learning, the construction of a teaching unit, it will talk about the importance of ICT (information and communication technology) and fashion as they are applied in education, include the genetics curriculum taught in eighth grade in the area of natural sciences, the basic educational standards issued by the Ministry of national education. The methodology to be used for the development of this project is divided into four stages which will be developed through activities at 16 weeks according to the proposed timetable

Análisis de conceptos y teorías de Radiología forense

Dentro de la Medicina se ha dado lugar a una nueva disciplina: la Radiología Forense. Su ámbito de aplicación está enfocada a las investigaciones forenses al ser no invasivas y no destructivas, en el caso de las autopsias, y por su rapidez en el diagnóstico y el fácil sistema de archivo y registro, ya que la información se puede almacenar de forma indefinida y revisarse cuantas veces sea necesario, se pueden realizar muchos procesos de análisis de imagen, como reconstrucciones en volumen o mediciones morfométricas y los datos ser enviados a otros especialista sin manipular las muestras. Infrautilizadas actualmente debido al coste económico, la necesidad de infraestructura y la falta de enseñanza y experiencia, se convertirán sin duda en una herramienta fundamental para las investigaciones forenses.Within Medicine, a new discipline has been created: Forensic Radiology. Its scope is focused on forensic investigations as it is non-invasive and non-destructive, in the case of autopsies, and for its rapid diagnosis and the easy filing and recording system, since the information can be stored Undefined and reviewed as many times as necessary, many image analysis processes can be performed, such as volume reconstructions or morphometric measurements and the data can be sent to other specialists without manipulating the samples. Currently underused due to the economic cost, the need for infrastructure and the lack of education and experience, they will undoubtedly become a fundamental tool for forensic investigation