Passalus coarctatus Percheron, 1835 (Coleoptera: Passalidae): redescription and new distributional records

Passalus (Passalus) coarctatus Percheron, 1835 was described from Brazil without precise locality data; except for its inclusion in catalogues, nothing is known of this species and only one publication has provided specific locality data. We provide precise localities for P. coarctatus in Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela, Brazil and Bolivia, we describe the third instar larva, discuss its taxonomic status and correct errors of previous publications.Passalus (Passalus) coarctatus Percheron, 1835 was described from Brazil without precise locality data; except for its inclusion in catalogues, nothing is known of this species and only one publication has provided specific locality data. We provide precise localities for P. coarctatus in Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela, Brazil and Bolivia, we describe the third instar larva, discuss its taxonomic status and correct errors of previous publications

Vertical Jumping as a Monitoring Tool in Endurance Runners: A Brief Review

[EN] umping performance (e.g., countermovement jump [CMJ]), as a measure of neuromuscular performance, has been suggested as an easy-to-use tool which simultaneously provides neuromuscular and metabolic information and, thereby, allows coaches to confidently monitor the status of their athletes during a workout. This hypothesis has been satisfactorily tested with sprint athletes. However, the rationale for the use of CMJ height loss as an index to monitor the workload during an endurance running session is not sufficiently evidence-based. First, it is assumed that a CMJ height loss occurs during typical interval training for endurance runners. Second, it is also assumed that a significant relationship between metabolic stress and the neuromuscular strain induced during these endurance workouts exists. These two assumptions will be questioned in this review by critically analyzing the kinetics of CMJ performance during and after running workouts, and the relationship between neuromuscular and physiological stress induced during different protocols in endurance runners. The current evidence shows that fatigue induced by common running workouts for endurance runners does not counterbalance the potentiation effect in the CMJ height. Additionally, the findings reported among different studies are consistent regarding the lack of association between CMJ height loss and physiological stress during interval sessions in endurance runners. In practical terms, the authors suggest that this marker of neuromuscular fatigue may not be used to regulate the external training load during running workouts in endurance runners. Nevertheless, the analysis of CMJ height during running workouts may serve to monitor chronic adaptations to training in endurance runners

Association between vertical and horizontal force-velocity-power profiles in netball players

Netball is a collective sport characterized by intermittent high-intensity actions. Therefore, the players must develop high levels of relative bilateral and unilateral strength and power for both improve performance and also reduce injury risk. The purpose of this study was (i) to provide a reference about the mechanical outputs obtained in the vertical (jumping) and horizontal force-velocity-power (FVP) profile and (ii) observe their relationship, besides the performance in jumping and sprinting in amateur female netball players (age = 24.3 ± 3.2 years, BM = 64.5 ± 5 Kg, height = 172.5 ± 6.2 cm). The variables for both FVP profiles (theoretical maximal force (F0), theoretical maximal velocity (V0) and theoretical maximal power output (Pmax)) were measured with two scientifically validated apps for iOS (My Jump 2 and My Sprint). Our results in regards to the vertical FVP suggest that netball players have low force deficit (36.2 ± 14.6%) and individualized training based on F-V profiling could be beneficial to address their deficit. The moderate correlations found for performance, V0 and Pmax suggest that the improvement in one of the skills (jumping or sprinting) may produce some positive adaptation to the other. However, no association was found in the force production (F0) of the lower limbs for both FVP. Therefore, we recommend that netball players must train specifically ballistic actions in the vertical (jumping) and horizontal direction (sprinting) due to the specificity of both skills and the consequent impact of them on netball performance.Ministry of Economy and Infrastructure of the Junta de Extremadura through the European Regional Development Fund. A way to make Europe. (GR18129)

Examination of the sprinting and jumping force-velocity profiles in young soccer players at different maturational stages

The aim was to determine the relationships among components of the force-velocity (F-V) profiles in jumping and sprinting, with both biological and chronological ages in 89 young soccer players belonging to categories from U10 to U18. Participants performed countermovement jumps (CMJ) and 20-m sprint tests. F-V components assessed were associated with both maturity offset and chronological age, using correlation and multiple linear regression analyses. Horizontal (i.e., maximal theoretical force [F0 ] and velocity [V0 ], maximal power [Pmax ] and F-V slope) and vertical (i.e., [F0 ] and [Pmax ]) F-V components displayed very large correlations (i.e., 0.79 ≤ r ≤ 0.92) with both chronological age and maturity offset. The combination of sprinting Pmax and training experience and jumping F0 and training experience explained up to 94% of the variances in maturity offset and chronological age. Furthermore, similar correlations were found between sprinting and jumping performances, and components of the F-V profiles, and both maturity offset and chronological age. Identification of vertical jump and sprint mechanical determinants may assist in strengthening those components of the F-V profile which are weaker throughout the training process. Sprinting and jumping capabilities can be indistinctly monitored with respect to their chronological age or maturity offset in young soccer players

Anaerobic Speed Reserve, Sprint Force–Velocity Profile, Kinematic Characteristics, and Jump Ability among Elite Male Speed-and Endurance-Adapted Milers

This study aimed to compare sprint, jump performance, and sprint mechanical variables between endurance-adapted milers (EAM, specialized in 1500–3000-m) and speed-adapted milers (SAM, specialized in 800–1500 m) and to examine the relationships between maximal sprint speed (MSS), anaerobic speed reserve (ASR), sprint, jump performance, and sprint mechanical characteristics of elite middle-distance runners. Fifteen participants (8 EAM; 7 SAM) were evaluated to obtain their maximal aerobic speed, sprint mechanical characteristics (force–velocity profile and kinematic variables), jump, and sprint performance. SAM displayed greater MSS, ASR, horizontal jump, sprint performance, and mechanical ability than EAM (p < 0.05). SAM also showed higher stiffness in the 40-m sprint (p = 0.026) and a higher ratio of horizontal-to-resultant force (RF) at 10 m (p = 0.003) and RFpeak (p = 0.024). MSS and ASR correlated with horizontal (r = 0.76) and vertical (r = 0.64) jumps, all sprint split times (r ≤ −0.85), stiffness (r = 0.86), and mechanical characteristics (r ≥ 0.56) during the 100-m sprint, and physical qualities during acceleration (r ≥ 0.66) and sprint mechanical effectiveness from the force–velocity profile (r ≥ 0.69). Season-best times in the 800 m were significantly correlated with MSS (r = −0.86). Sprint ability has a crucial relevance in middle-distance runners’ performance, especially for SA

Co-existence of peripheral fatigue of the knee extensors and jump potentiation after an incremental running test to exhaustion in endurance trained male runners

[EN] The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of an incremental running exercise until exhaustion on twitch responses and jump capacity in endurance trained runners. For this purpose, 8 experienced endurance male runners were required to perform neuromuscular function tests before and after a submaximal running bout (control condition -CTR-) or an incremental running test to volitional exhaustion (experimental conditions -EXP-). The twitch interpolation technique was used to assess voluntary activation and muscle contractile properties before and after each condition (CTR and EXP). Countermovement jump was also used to assess the stretch-shortening cycle function before and after both conditions. In addition, rating of perceived exertion, heart rate, blood lactate and skin temperature were also recorded. Only EXP improved jump performance, however, it was also accompanied by a reduction in maximal voluntary contraction and the peak twitch force of the knee extensors evoked by electrical stimulation at 10 Hz (Db10). It is likely that reductions in maximal voluntary contraction may be related to an excitation- contraction coupling failure (i.e. low-frequency fatigue) as suggest the reduction in the Db10. The current results confirm that acute changes in jump performance may not be appropriate to evaluate acute fatigue in endurance trained runner

¿Qué periodización es mejor (tradicional versus ondulada) para inducir cambios en la composición corporal y la fuerza de adultos jóvenes sanos?

The present study intends to investigate which type of programming is most effective for improving strength andbody composition in untrained young men. A total of 41 men participated (22.5 ± 2.8 years old, 75.6 ± 5.5 kg, 175.3 ± 8.4cm, 24.6 ± 1.8 kg · m-2) which were divided into two groups; Traditional periodization and Undulating periodization. Aprogram of eight weeks of training including back and chest exercises were applied twice a week for the two groups. Bothfat mass and fat-free mass were measured by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, as well as the maximum repetition(RM) of the bench press and row by measuring the speed of execution with a linear encoder and the resting heart ratebefore and after the program. Data were analyzed using magnitude-based inference. Changes in athletes’ scores were assessed by using effect sizes and 90% confidence intervals. The differences within the group in pre-training and post-training were evaluated using the standardized effect size. Improvements in 1RM row, resting heart rate and fat-free mass were observed not possible to determine which training periodization produces greater adaptations in both groups with a possible and probable inference.El presente estudio pretende investigar qué tipo de programación es más efectiva para mejorar la fuerza y la composición corporal en hombres jóvenes. Participaron 41 hombres (22.5 ± 2.8 años, 7.,6 ± 5.5 kg, 175.3 ± 8.4 cm, 24.6 ± 1.8 kg · m-2) divididos en dos grupos; Periodización tradicional y Periodización ondulatoria. Se aplicó para los dos grupos un programa de ocho semanas de entrenamiento que incluía ejercicios de espalda y pecho, dos veces por semana. Se midió la masa grasa y la masa libre de grasa mediante el DEXA, el RM del press de banca y remo a través de la velocidad de ejecución, y la frecuencia cardiaca en reposo antes y después del programa. Los datos se analizaron mediante inferencia basada en la magnitud. Los cambios en las puntuaciones de los atletas se evaluaron utilizando tamaños del efecto e intervalos de confianza del 90%. Las diferencias dentro del grupo en pre-entrenamiento y post-entrenamiento se evaluaron utilizando el tamaño del efecto estandarizado. Se observaron mejoras en 1RM en remo, frecuencia cardiaca en reposo y masa libre de grasa. Los resultados muestran una posible y probable inferencia, no siendo posible determinar qué periodización del entrenamiento produce mayores adaptaciones

Job satisfaction and depression in the Spanish Society of Periodontology and Research (SEPA) members, and their relation to the burnout syndrome. Creation of a structural model

Objective: This study is aimed at getting to know the existing relationship between the dimensions of the burnout syndrome and job satisfaction, on one hand, and depressive feelings on the other through the creation of a structural model aimed at relating all these concepts on a sample of Spanish periodontists. Study design: The initial sample comprised 284 individuals, who represented 20% of the members of the Spanish Society of Periodontology and Research (www.SEPA.es). These individuals were chosen randomly by means of stratified sampling with proportional affixation by their autonomous community of residence. All participants were sent by post the MBI, CET and job-satisfaction questionnaires. The software package used for data analysis was LISREL v. 8.7 by checking models of structural equations so as to prove the proposed model?s adjustment. Results: The total number of answered questionnaires was 170 (59.85%). A positive relation was observed between emotional tiredness and depersonalization and depression. However, this dimension correlated negatively with job satisfaction and self-realization. Conclusions: The obtained results show that, in this sample of periodontists, job satisfaction acts as a modulator in the transition from emotional tiredness to depressio

Burnout and depression among Spanish periodontology practitioners

Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of burnout syndrome and depression symptoms among periodontology practitioners, as well as the relationship with socio-demographic variables and work stress. Study Design: A total of 284 subjects, members of the Spanish Society of Periodontology (SEPA), were selected for this study. The Spanish version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and the Tetradimensional Estructural Questionnaire for Depression (TEC-DE) were sent by post to all participants. Descriptive statistics in addition to mean comparison and chi-square test were used for data analysis. Results: A response rate of 59.85% was obtained. From the total sample, 40% shows high levels of emotional exhaustion, 20% increased depersonalization and 11.20% diminished personal accomplishment. The prevalence of any depression symptom was nearly 16%. Moreover, higher prevalence was found among those practitioners not working a continuous shift and not practicing periodontology on an exclusive basis. Conclusion: Among Spanish periodontology practitioners, a high prevalence of burnout and depression exists