Francisco Martí i Viladamor : un pro-francés durante la Guerra dels Segadors

Los autores realizan en su artículo un acercamiento a la figura del publicista Francisco Martí i Viladamor, analizando su obra desarrollada a lo largo de los años de la Guerra de Cataluña, 1640-1652, y su posterior papel político en la Cataluña norte anexionada por Francia.The authors make in their article an approach to the figure of the publicist Fco. Martí i Viladamor, analysing his work developed during the years of the Catalonian War (1640-1652), and his political activity in the annexed-by-France North Catalonia, later

Propuesta para la optimización de asientos catalográficos en catálogos en línea de primera generación

El desarrollo y consolidación de los entornos automatizados en el ámbito de las bibliotecas afecta de manera decisiva a la funcionalidad de los estándares catalográficos vigentes y los cuestiona tanto tecnológica como económicamente. Algunas agencias y profesionales reclaman una urgente reevaluación y/o modificación de dichos estándares con objeto de adaptarlos, de forma sincronizada, al nuevo marco y sus necesidades. La siguiente propuesta para la optimización de catálogos en línea de primera generación surge de un intento de aunar los distintos proyectos institucionales en curso para el establecimiento de normas ISBD y formatos MARC simplificados, así como los resultados de estudios e investigaciones puntuales en el campo de la codificación catalográfica. Se pretende con ello ofrecer una solución viable y de aplicación inmediata a la transición definitiva catálogo manual-catálogo automatizado

Species distribution models predict range expansion better than chance but not better than a simple dispersal model

The evaluation of species distribution models (SDMs) is a crucial step; usually, a random subsample of data is used to test prediction capacity. This procedure, called cross-validation, has been recently shown to overestimate SDMs performance due to spatial autocorrelation. In the case of expanding species, there exists the possibility to test the predictions with non-random geographically structured data, i.e., a new data set which corresponds to the last occupied localities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of SDMs to predict the range expansion pattern of six free-living deer species in Great Britain and to assess whether SDMs perform better than a simple dispersal model - a null model that assumes no environmental control in the expansion process. Distribution data for the species prior to 1972 were used to train the SDMs (ENFA, MAXENT, logistic regression and an ensemble model) in order to obtain suitability maps. Additionally, the geographical distance to the localities occupied in 1972 was considered a proxy of the probability that a certain locality has to be occupied during an expansion process considering only dispersal (GD model). Subsequently, we analysed whether the species increased their ranges between 1972 and 2006 according to the estimated suitability patterns and whether or not SDMs predictions outperformed GD predictions. SDMs showed a high discrimination capacity in the training data, with the ensemble models performing the best and ENFA models the worst. SDMs predictions also worked better than chance in classifying new occupied localities, although differences among techniques disappeared and the predictions showed no difference with respect to GD. Spatial autocorrelation of both the environmental predictors and the expansion process may explain these results which illustrate that GD is a much more parsimonious model than any of the SDMs and may thus be preferable both for prediction and explanation. Overestimation of SDMs performance and usefulness may be a common fact.M.R.-R. was supported by project POII10-0076-4195 of JCCM, A.J.-V. by the MEC Juan de la Cierva Program and P.A. was funded from the SFRH/BPD/90320/2012 post-doctoral grant by Portuguese Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) and European Social Fund.Peer Reviewe

Construcción de un prototipo de robot velocista

En este proyecto se ha realizado el diseño de una plataforma robótica móvil, sigue-líneas, sobre la que probar distintos sensores y actuadores, junto a un análisis en profundidad de dichos componentes. El objetivo de este trabajo es el de documentar dichas pruebas de los componentes y del prototipo de robot móvil en una serie de pruebas inspiradas en la robótica de competición.In this thesis, the design of a mobile robotic platform has been carried out, line follower, on which to test different sensors and actuators, together with an in-depth analysis of these components. The aim of this work is to document these tests of the components and the mobile robot prototype in a series of tests inspired by robotic competitions.Universidad de Sevilla. Grado en Ingeniería Electrónica, Robótica y Mecatrónic

Wikipedia como vocabulario controlado: ¿está superado el control de autoridades tradicional?

Wikipedia as controlled vocabulary: has the traditional authority control been surpassed? Abstract: Wikipedia, the free encyclopaedia, is the first project to have been born specifically from and for the web and which has developed an authority control system for access to their information. Here, the different elements, procedures and principles which make up the Wikipedia authority control system is analysed, and a critical analogy is traced between them and those that meet the traditional authority control applied to bibliographical catalogues. From the critical comparison of both models, one wonders up to what point the authority control, constrained by the weight of tradition and by its hopeless adaptation to technology, has been surpassed by developments such as Wikipedia which are based on a philosophy of flexibility and common sense and where the rules are decided by and for the user. The enormous potential and reach of the Wikipedia authority model make it a true contender to become the normal system of access to the Semantic We

Wikipedia as controlled vocabulary: has the traditional authority control been surpassed?

Wikipedia, the free encyclopaedia, is the first project to have been born specifically from and for the web and which has developed an authority control system for access to their information. Here, the different elements, procedures and principles which make up the Wikipedia authority control system is analysed, and a critical analogy is traced between them and those that meet the traditional authority control applied to bibliographical catalogues. From the critical comparison of both models, one wonders up to what point the authority control, constrained by the weight of tradition and by its hopeless adaptation to technology, has been surpassed by developments such as Wikipedia which are based on a philosophy of flexibility and common sense and where the rules are decided by and for the user. The enormous potential and reach of the Wikipedia authority model make it a true contender to become the normal system of access to the Semantic We

Tomás de Suria, un dibujante de la expedición de Malaspina. Su contribución al conocimiento del occidente de Norteamérica

Not available.Este trabajo está dedicado a destacar el papel de Tomás de Suria, dibujante de la Academia de San Carlos de la ciudad de México, en la expedición de Alejandro Malaspina. Se hacen algunas referencias al viaje alrededor del mundo y trata especialmente de las investigaciones realizadas en las costas de Canadá y Alaska. Se da énfasis a la importancia de la labor de los artistas para el conocimiento de los lugares visitados, centrándose en la obra artística de Suria. Comprende un análisis de la contribución de Suria como dibujante y las penalidades que tuvo que soportar para que su trabajo fuera reconocido. Se aprovecha también la valiosa información que proporciona Suria acerca de las costumbres de los nativos de Mulgrave y Nutka, pues con ella se enriquece la antropología y etnohistoria de estas regiones. A través de los dibujos de los artistas de la expedición tenemos un mejor conocimiento de la cartografía, geografía, geodesia, botánica, zoología y etnohistoria del noroeste de América

Wikipedia como vocabulario controlado: ¿está superado el control de autoridades tradicional?

Wikipedia as controlled vocabulary: has the traditional authority control been surpassed? Abstract: Wikipedia, the free encyclopaedia, is the first project to have been born specifically from and for the web and which has developed an authority control system for access to their information. Here, the different elements, procedures and principles which make up the Wikipedia authority control system is analysed, and a critical analogy is traced between them and those that meet the traditional authority control applied to bibliographical catalogues. From the critical comparison of both models, one wonders up to what point the authority control, constrained by the weight of tradition and by its hopeless adaptation to technology, has been surpassed by developments such as Wikipedia which are based on a philosophy of flexibility and common sense and where the rules are decided by and for the user. The enormous potential and reach of the Wikipedia authority model make it a true contender to become the normal system of access to the Semantic We

Delimiting the geographical background in species distribution modelling

[Aim]: The extent of the study area (geographical background, GB) can strongly affect the results of species distribution models (SDMs), but as yet we lack objective and practicable criteria for delimiting the appropriate GB. We propose an approach to this problem using trend surface analysis (TSA) and provide an assessment of the effects of varying GB extent on the performance of SDMs for four species. [Location]: Mainland Spain. [Methods]: Using data for four well known wild ungulate species and different GBs delimited with a TSA, we assessed the effects of GB extent on the predictive performance of SDMs: specifically on model calibration (Miller's statistic) and discrimination (area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic plot, AUC; sensitivity and specificity), and on the tendency of the models to predict environmental potential when they are projected beyond their training area. [Results]: In the training area, discrimination significantly increased and calibration decreased as the GB was enlarged. In contrast, as GB was enlarged, both discriminatory power and calibration decreased when assessed in the core area of the species distributions. When models trained using small GBs were projected beyond their training area, they showed a tendency to predict higher environmental potential for the species than those models trained using large GBs. [Main conclusions]: By restricting GB extent using a geographical criterion, model performance in the core area of the species distribution can be significantly improved. Large GBs make models demonstrate high discriminatory power but are barely informative. By delimiting GB using a geographical criterion, the effect of historical events on model parameterization may be reduced. Thus purely environmental models are obtained that, when projected onto a new scenario, depict the potential distribution of the species. We therefore recommend the use of TSA in geographically delimiting the GB for use in SDMs.P.A. and A.J.-V. were supported by the Juan de la Cierva research program awarded by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación – Fondo Social Europeo, and partly by the project CGL2009-11316/BOS – Fondos FEDER. P.A. is in Portugal thanks to a José Castillejo fellowship (2010–11) granted by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación.Peer Reviewe