La formación docente en Didáctica de las Ciencias Sociales a través de los proyectos socioeducativos en contextos de exclusión social

Presentamos una experiencia formativa innovadora con los estudiantes de la titulación deMaestro/a de Educación Primaria de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad de Almería.Se ha realizado en el marco de un Programa Socioeducativo en colegios públicos de un barrio marginal dela ciudad de Almería mediante la metodología de Aprendizaje-Servicio (ApS). Desde la Didáctica de lasCiencias Sociales queremos contribuir a una educación democrática mediante la participación ciudadana.Mostramos algunas valoraciones de nuestros estudiantes en este proceso de investigación-acción. Elbalance positivo de esta evaluación inicial nos motiva para seguir implicados en el desarrollo de proyectoscomo éste donde se vincula universidad, escuela y comunidad.This paper speaks about an innovative training experience with Pre-Service Primary Teacher atthe University of Almeria, Faculty of Education. Carried out in the framework of a social and educationalproject in public schools in a slum in the city of Almeria using service learning methodology. From theteaching of the social sciences our aim seeks to contribute to a democratic education through citizenparticipation. We show some evaluations carried out by our students in the process of action research. Thepositive results of this initial assessment motivates us to keep involved in the development of projects likethis, where University, school and community are linked

Social capital and governance. Mining tourism (Riotinto-Huelva)

Estamos asistiendo a la revalorización del patrimonio industrial y en especial del patrimonio minero. Asociaciones, ayuntamientos, gobierno autonómico y el propio Estado apuestan por el turismo minero como un sector emergente, donde el buen gobierno y la participación social juegan un papel fundamental. Los proyectos turísticos que se vienen desarrollando ponen de manifiesto la voluntad de acercar a residentes y turistas al legado de un pasado industrial que ha conformado las señas de identidad de la comarca Cuenca Minera de Riotinto (Huelva). El objetivo de este estudio es constatar como la gobernabilidad implica la aparición de nuevas relaciones entre el Estado y la sociedad civil, que pasan principalmente por la colaboración de los agentes públicos y privados, y ésta se manifiesta en el territorio a través de la mina. La mina tradicionalmente era un espacio de trabajo para los mineros y seguirá siéndolo para el turismo. Ha sido y es una pieza esencial del paisaje y del patrimonio; es a la vez naturaleza y cultura. Es la razón de sus habitantes, su economía y su forma de sociedad. Los valores que encierra la mina son únicos, singulares e identitarios.We are witnessing the presentation of the industrial heritage and in particular the mining heritage. Associations, municipalities, regional government and the State are committed to the mining tourism as an emerging sector, where good governance and social participation play role. Tourism projects being developed demonstrate the will to bring residents and tourists to the legacy of an industrial past that has shaped the identity of Riotinto Mining Park (Huelva). The aim of this study reveals how the governance implies the emergence of new relations between state and civil society, which go mainly by the cooperation of public and private actors, and this is manifested in the territory through the mine. The mine was traditionally a working space for the miners and will remain so for tourism. It was and is an essential part of the landscape and heritage, is both nature and culture. Is the reason for its people, its economy and its social form. The values contained in the mine are unique, singular and identity.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación CSO2008-0291

Decision-making of Spanish Female basketball team Players while they are Competing

Decision-making play a very important role in basketball. While the game is taking place, players are constantly choosing what to do. In order to carry out this research work, two questions have been formulated: 1) how do high level female basketball players make a decision while they are competing? 2) which key components do they use to make the best decisions? The twelve players who make up the Spanish female basketball team have taken part in this project. They all participated in the 2008 FIBA World Olympic Qualifying Tournament, which took place in Madrid. This tournament allowed them to qualify and take part in the 2008 Olympic Games, where they finished in fifth place. A questionnaire and an interview have been used to make this research possible. The matches of the 2008 FIBA World Olympic Qualifying Tournament have also been analyzed. Those aspects in terms of the team's performance in 1x1 and 2x2 attack situations, and more specifically in pick actions, have been recorded and analyzed. In order to include these data, a system of specific categories and variables has been established. The results show that players are expert on making decisions during the competition. In order to come to this conclusion, their opinions, style of decision-making, as well as the way they move in 1x1 and 2x2 situations, were very useful. This research has also confirmed that decisions made by playmakers, forwards and centers are different

Magnetite Mineralization inside Cross-Linked Protein Crystals

Crystallization in confined spaces is a widespread process in nature that also has important implications for the stability and durability of many man-made materials. It has been reported that confinement can alter essential crystallization events, such as nucleation and growth and, thus, have an impact on crystal size, polymorphism, morphology, and stability. Therefore, the study of nucleation in confined spaces can help us understand similar events that occur in nature, such as biomineralization, design new methods to control crystallization, and expand our knowledge in the field of crystallography. Although the fundamental interest is clear, basic models at the laboratory scale are scarce mainly due to the difficulty in obtaining well-defined confined spaces allowing a simultaneous study of the mineralization process outside and inside the cavities. Herein, we have studied magnetite precipitation in the channels of cross-linked protein crystals (CLPCs) with different channel pore sizes, as a model of crystallization in confined spaces. Our results show that nucleation of an Fe-rich phase occurs inside the protein channels in all cases, but, by a combination of chemical and physical effects, the channel diameter of CLPCs exerted a precise control on the size and stability of those Fe-rich nanoparticles. The small diameters of protein channels restrain the growth of metastable intermediates to around 2 nm and stabilize them over time. At larger pore diameters, recrystallization of the Fe-rich precursors into more stable phases was observed. This study highlights the impact that crystallization in confined spaces can have on the physicochemical properties of the resulting crystals and shows that CLPCs can be interesting substrates to study this process.Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain (MICINN) PID2020-116261GB-I00 PID2020-118498GB-I00 PDC2021-121135.100FEDER/Junta de Andalucia-Consejeria de Transformacion Economica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades (Spain) A-FQM-340-UGR20 UCE-PP2016-0

Manipulation of Amino Acid Levels with Artificial Diets Induces a Marked Anticancer Activity in Mice with Renal Cell Carcinoma

Targeted therapies with antiangiogenic drugs (e.g., sunitinib) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (e.g., anti-PD-1 antibodies) are the standard of care for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Although these treatments improve patient survival, they are rarely curative. We previously hypothesized that advanced cancers might be treated without drugs by using artificial diets in which the levels of specific amino acids (AAs) are manipulated. In this work, after showing that AA manipulation induces selective anticancer activity in renal cell carcinoma cells in vitro, we screened 18 artificial diets for anticancer activity in a challenging animal model of renal cell carcinoma. The model was established by injecting murine renal cell carcinoma (Renca) cells into the peritoneum of immunocompetent BALB/cAnNRj mice. Mice survival was markedly improved when their normal diet was replaced with our artificial diets. Mice fed a diet lacking six AAs (diet T2) lived longer than mice treated with sunitinib or anti-PD-1 immunotherapy; several animals lived very long or were cured. Controlling the levels of several AAs (e.g., cysteine, methionine, and leucine) and lipids was important for the anticancer activity of the diets. Additional studies are needed to further evaluate the therapeutic potential and mechanism of action of this simple and inexpensive anticancer strategy.AMINOVITA, S.L, PRJ201803388Junta de Andalucía 2017/CTS-657, 2019/CTS-657, 2021/CTS-657Universidad de Sevilla VIPPIT-2019-I.5, VIPPIT-2020-I.5, VIPPIT-2021-I.5, VIPPIT-2020-II.

Isolation and characterization of an exopolymer produced by bacillus licheniformis: in vitro antiviral activity against enveloped viruses

The exopolymer (EPSp) produced by the strain B. licheniformis IDN-EC was isolated and characterized using different techniques (MALDI-TOF, NMR, ATR-FTIR, TGA, DSC, SEM). The results showed that the low molecular weight EPSp contained a long polyglutamic acid and an extracellular teichoic acid polysaccharide. The latter was composed of poly(glycerol phosphate) and was substituted at the 2-position of the glycerol residues with a αGal and αGlcNH2. The αGal O-6 position was also found to be substituted by a phosphate group. The antiviral capability of this EPSp was also tested on both enveloped (herpesviruses HSV, PRV and vesicular stomatitis VSV) and non-enveloped (MVM) viruses. The EPSp was efficient at inhibiting viral entry for the herpesviruses and VSV but was not effective against non-enveloped viruses. The in vivo assay of the EPSp in mice showed no signs of toxicity which could allow for its application in the healthcare sector.Peer reviewe

Evaluation of the screening in current diagnosis of prostatic cancer. New development of urinary biomarkers

El cáncer de próstata (CaP) es el tumor maligno no cutáneo más frecuente en el hombre, y supone la segunda causa de muerte por cancer en hombres en EEUU, sólo superado por el cáncer de pulmón. Constituye unos de los problemas sanitarios más importantes en nuestro medio, tanto en términos de morbimortalidad, como de impacto social, económico o sobre la calidad de vida. Sin embargo a pesar de tratarse de un cáncer muy prevalente el screening del cáncer de próstata es aún controvertido. Las principales técnicas utilizadas en la evaluación inicial del cáncer de próstata son el examen digito-rectal, antígeno prostático específico (PSA) sérico, y la ecografía transrectal de próstata. El PSA, es considerado actualmente, el biomarcador más importante para la detección y monitorización del CaP, sin embargo carece de especificidad. Esto ha llevado a la búsqueda de biomarcadores tanto urinarios como en sangre, que supongan una alternativa, para superar esa falta de especificidad. Recientemente se han propuesto una serie de marcadores biológicos alternativos en distintos tipos de tumores, entre los que se encuentra el CaP.Prostate cancer (PCa) tumor is the most common non-cutaneous malignancy in men, and is the second leading cause of cancer death in men in the U.S, exceeded only by lung cancer. It is one of the most important health problems in our environment, both in terms of morbidity and mortality, as social, economic or quality of life. But despite being a highly prevalent cancer screening for prostate cancer remains controversial. The main techniques used in the initial evaluation of prostate cancer are finger-rectal examination, serum prostatic specific antigen (PSA), prostate transrectal ultrasound. The PSA is considered the most important biomarker for the detection and monitoring of prostate cancer, however it lacks specificity. This has led to the search for biomarkers in both urine and blood, which constitute an alternative to overcome this lack of specificity. Have recently proposed a series of alternative biological markers in different types of tumors, including PCa found

Biomimetic Magnetoliposomes as Oxaliplatin Nanocarriers: In Vitro Study for Potential Application in Colon Cancer

Current chemotherapy for colorectal cancer (CRC) includes the use of oxaliplatin (Oxa), a first-line cytotoxic drug which, in combination with irinotecan/5-fluorouracil or biologic agents, increases the survival rate of patients. However, the administration of this drug induces side effects that limit its application in patients, making it necessary to develop new tools for targeted chemotherapy. MamC-mediated biomimetic magnetic nanoparticles coupled with Oxa (Oxa-BMNPs) have been previously demonstrated to efficiently reduce the IC50 compared to that of soluble Oxa. However, their strong interaction with the macrophages revealed toxicity and possibility of aggregation. In this scenario, a further improvement of this nanoassembly was necessary. In the present study, Oxa-BMNPs nanoassemblies were enveloped in phosphatidylcholine unilamellar liposomes (both pegylated and non-pegylated). Our results demonstrate that the addition of both a lipid cover and further pegylation improves the biocompatibility and cellular uptake of the Oxa-BMNPs nanoassemblies without significantly reducing their cytotoxic activity in colon cancer cells. In particular, with the pegylated magnetoliposome nanoformulation (a) hemolysis was reduced from 5% to 2%, being now hematocompatibles, (b) red blood cell agglutination was reduced, (c) toxicity in white blood cells was eliminated. This study represents a truly stepforward in this area as describes the production of one of the very few existing nanoformulations that could be used for a local chemotherapy to treat CRC.Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad from Spain CGL2016-76723European Union (EU) CGL2016-76723Junta de Andalucia A-BIO-376-UGR18Unidad Cientifica de Excelencia of the University of Granada UCE-PP2016-05Junta de Andalucia PI-0102-2017Instituto de Salud Carlos III European Union (EU) PI19/01478Andalusian Government CTS-107Ministerio de Educacion, Ciencia y Deporte y Competitividad (Spain) FPU16_04580 FPU16_0171

National Trends in Prevalence of Depression in Men and Women with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Hospitalized in Spain, 2016–2020

(1) Background: To describe trends in the prevalence of depression in men and women with COPD hospitalized in Spain (2016–2020). (2) Methods: We used a nationwide discharge database to select all patients ≥35 years with COPD. (3) Results: The prevalence of depression was 3.54-times higher in women with COPD than in men (OR 3.54; 95%CI 3.48–3.6). It decreased significantly between 2016 and 2020, although the reduction was only significant in women (12.27% in 2016 vs. 10.56% in 2020). Older age, comorbidity and the most recent years of hospital admission were associated with lower prevalence of depression in both men and women, while obesity, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and use of oxygen prior to admission were risk factors. In-hospital mortality (IHM) increased significantly over time. Older age, comorbidity, the use of oxygen prior to admission and having been hospitalized in 2020 increased the risk of IHM. Female sex was associated with a lower IHM in patients with depression and COPD. (4) Conclusions: The prevalence of depression has decreased over time in women with COPD while it has not changed significantly in men with this disease. IHM increased over time both in men and women with COPD and depression, with higher prevalence in the former.Depto. de Salud Pública y Materno - InfantilFac. de MedicinaTRUEComunidad de MadridUniversidad Complutense de MadridUniversidad Complutense de Madrid; Grupo de Investigación en Epidemiología de las Enfermedades Crónicas de Alta Prevalencia en España (970970)Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía de Tóraxpu