Estructuración de ETF (Exchange Traded Fund) renta variable de Latinoamérica –LATAM (Brasil, Chile, Colombia, México Y Perú)

En el presente trabajo se evalúan las ventajas y desventajas del Exchange Traded Funds (ETF`s) considerando que tienen ciertas características que los diferencian de los títulos tradicionales, entre ellas la diversificación, siendo la más importante debido a que genera menor riesgo en el capital invertido para los inversionistas; por lo tanto, se determina un portafolio eficiente, integrado por las economías con mayor estabilidad del Mercado (Brasil, Chile, Colombia, México y Perú) mediante la aplicación de la teoría moderna de portafolios de Markowitz. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos, los cuales se analizan desde el desempeño alcanzado por cada uno de los países, comparándolos entre ellos y con el rendimiento del mercado LATAM para el periodo de tiempo comprendido entre 2008 y 2014, se refleja que el portafolio ETF LATAM tiene una rentabilidad del 7,97% y un porcentaje de riesgo anual de 16, 03%, lo cual, comparado con el comportamiento de los demás países resulta más atractivo para los inversionistas porque concentra todos los sectores económicos.In this paper the advantages and disadvantages of the Exchange are evaluated Traded Funds (ETF `s) considering that they have certain characteristics that differ from traditional titles, including diversification, the most important because it generates fewer risks in invested capital to investors; therefore, an efficient portfolio, composed of more stable economies Market (Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru) through the application of modern portfolio theory of Markowitz is determined. According to the results, which are analyzed from the performance achieved by each of the countries, comparing them with each other and LATAM market performance for the period of time between 2008 and 2014, reflects the ETF portfolio LATAM has a yield of 7.97% and a percentage of annual risk of 16, 03%, which, compared with the behavior of other countries more attractive to investors because it concentrates all economic sectors

Nonlinear Filtering Preserves Chaotic Synchronization via Master-Slave System

Investigació

An interdisciplinary approach to the teaching of the law: reflections from the experience of a teaching innovation project based on the case method

Este artículo trata de poner de manifiesto las virtudes de una aproximación multidisciplinar en la docencia del Derecho a partir de la experiencia desarrollada con ocasión de un proyecto de innovación docente, con carácter interdisciplinar, basado en el método del caso. Así, se expone el modo en que se ha incorporado la multidisciplinariedad a una simulación judicial, mediante la intervención de cuatro áreas de conocimiento, que han impartido formaciones específicas en cuarto disciplinas jurídicas, con objeto de capacitar al alumnado participante con los conocimientos necesarios para la resolución global del caso y el consiguiente aprendizaje jurídico desde una perspectiva multidisciplinar y eminentemente práctica. En fin, se concluyen los aspectos positivos de este tipo de enfoque de la docencia del Derecho.This paper deals with the virtues of an interdisciplinary approach to the teaching of the Law from the experience arising out of an educational innovation project, with an interdisciplinary character, based on the case method. Accordingly, the paper set the way out in which the interdisciplinarity has been introduced to a moot court, by means of the participation of four different departments, whose lecturers have taught specific sessions on the four subjects related to the case. This participation has taken place in order to train the students in the comprehensive settlement of the case, with the following learning of the Law from an interdisciplinary and practical perspective. Finally, the paper concludes by pointing out the aspects mainly positive of this kind of approach to the teaching of the Law

Un enfoque multidisciplinar en la docencia del Derecho: Reflexiones desde la experiencia de un proyecto de innovación docente basado en el método del caso

Este artículo trata de poner de manifiesto las virtudes de una aproximaciónmultidisciplinar en la docencia del Derecho a partir de la experiencia desarrolladacon ocasión de un proyecto de innovación docente, con carácter interdisciplinar,basado en el método del caso. Así, se expone el modo en que se ha incorporado la multidisciplinariedad a una simulación judicial, mediante la intervención de cuatro áreas de conocimiento, que han impartido formaciones específicas en cuarto disciplinas jurídicas, con objeto de capacitar al alumnado participante con los conocimientos necesarios para la resolución global del caso y el consiguienteaprendizaje jurídico desde una perspectiva multidisciplinar y eminentementepráctica. En fin, se concluyen los aspectos positivos de este tipo de enfoque de la docencia del Derecho. AN INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH TO THE TEACHING OF THE LAW: REFLECTIONS FROM THE EXPERIENCE OF A TEACHING INNOVATION PROJECT BASED ON THE CASE METHOD ABSTRACTThis paper deals with the virtues of an interdisciplinary approach to the teaching of the Law from the experience arising out of an educational innovation project, with an interdisciplinary character, based on the case method. Accordingly, the paper set the way out in which the interdisciplinarity has been introduced to a moot court, by means of the participation of four different departments, whose lecturers have taught specific sessions on the four subjects related to the case. This participation has taken place in order to train the students in the comprehensive settlement of the case, with the following learning of the Law from an interdisciplinary and practical perspective. Finally, the paper concludes by pointing out the aspects mainly positive of this kind of approach to the teaching of the Law.

Vegetation groups and habitats of neutro-basophilous fens in the Cantabro- Pyrenaean mountains

Los tremedales neutro-basófilos figuran entre los humedales con mayor riqueza de especies y más amenazados de Europa. Debido a su variabilidad ecológica y florística, la vegetación de estos hábitats puede estar sujeta a clasificaciones discordantes. En este trabajo utilizamos una base de datos de tremedales pirenaico-cantábricos para analizar los principales grupos de vegetación de estos medios y su relación con los tipos de hábitat europeos y la clasificación fitosociológica. Seleccionamos 295 muestras de acuerdo a la presencia de plantas higrófilas y calcícolas en el área de estudio (Carex lepidocarpa, C. davalliana, C. frigida y Eriophorum latifolium) y una estratificación espacial. Realizamos una clasificación utilizando datos sobre plantas vasculares y el sistema TWINSPAN modificado con una selección óptima de grupos. Analizamos los grupos de vegetación a partir de su distribución geográfica, variabilidad en altitud y pendiente, así como la similitud en la composición de especies mediante análisis de gradiente (DCA). Identificamos así cinco grupos relacionados con (i) tremedales de fuentes carbonatadas pirenaicas; (ii) fuentes carbonatadas cantábricas con el endemismo Centaurium somedanum; (iii) pastizales húmedos carbonatados pirenaico-cantábricos; (iv) tremedales carbonatados pirenaico-cantábricos; y (v) tremedales neutro-basófilos pirenaicos.Neutro-basophilous fens are among the most species-rich and threatened wetlands in Europe. Because of their ecological and floristic variability, vegetation of these habitats may be subject to classification inconsistencies. Here we use a vegetation database of Cantabro-Pyrenean fens to analyze the main vegetation groups related to these fens and their relationship with the European habitat types and phytosociological classification. We selected 295 vegetation relevés from the study area according to the presence of four calcicole specialists (Carex lepidocarpa, C. davalliana, C. frigida and Eriophorum latifolium) and geographical stratification. We classified the relevés using cover data of vascular plants, modified TWINSPAN analysis and classification crispness. We analyzed the vegetation groups according to their geographical distribution, variation in altitude and slope, and similarity of species composition using gradient analysis (DCA). We finally established five major vegetation groups: (i) Pyrenean calcareous spring fens related to high mountain streamsides, including Caricion davallianae communities with Carex frigida and relict plant communities of the Caricion maritimae alliance; (ii) Cantabrian calcareous springs with the endemic Centaurium somedanum and few fen species, which should be better assigned to tufa-forming springs; (iii) Pyreneo-Cantabrian calcareous fen grasslands, which could be included in alkaline fens or Molinietalia wet grasslands; (iv) Pyreneo-Cantabrian calcareous fens, possibly related to limestone bedrocks of Cantabrian Range and Western Pyrenees; and (v) Pyrenean neutro-basophilous fens, which seem to be part of extremely rich fens distributed on non-limestone substrates of Central and Eastern Pyrenees

Impact of emotional intelligence on adherence to the Mediterranean diet in elementary education school students. A structural equation model

Background. Adolescence is one of the stages where a large number of physical, psychological and emotional changes occur, the latter playing a key role in adherence to a healthy dietary pattern. Taking into account the above, this research reflects the objectives of developing an explanatory model of the incidence of attention, clarity and emotional repair on adherence to the Mediterranean diet and to contrast the structural model through a multigroup analysis based on Mediterranean adherence to this dietary pattern. Methods. To this end, a comparative descriptive cross-sectional study has been carried out with 293 students from the third cycle of primary education. The instruments used were a sociodemographic questionnaire, the KIDMED test and the Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS-24). Results. Students who show low adherence to the Mediterranean diet have a negative association with the repair of negative emotions. Participants who show a medium adherence to the Mediterranean diet, it is observed that they have a negative relationship with emotional clarity, while students who claim to have a high adherence to the Mediterranean diet show positive relationships with each of the constructs that make up emotional intelligence

Improved current-source sizing for high-speed high-accuracy current steering d/a converters

This paper describes a design methodology for the basic current source cell circuit of high-speed high-accuracy current steering DIA conveners taking into account mismatching in all the transistors of the cell. Previous works consider arbitrary safety margins in the sizing process. The presented approach allows a more accurale selection of the optimal design point. The design methodology is illustrated for a particular design of a 0.35pm CMOS 12-bit 400 MHz current-steering segmented DIA converter.Postprint (published version

Visual Servoing and Robust Object Manipulation Using Symmetries and Conformal Geometric Algebra

Object tracking and manipulation is an important process for many applications in robotics and computer vision. A novel 3D pose estimation of objects using reflectionally symmetry formulated in Conformal Geometric Algebra (CGA) is proposed in this work. The synthesis of the kinematics model for robots and a sliding mode controller using the CGA approach is described. Real time implementation results are presented for the pose estimation of object using a stereo vision system.ITESO, A.C.CINVESTA

Robust Pose Control of Robot Manipulators Using Conformal Geometric Algebra

A controller, based on sliding mode control, is proposed for the n-link robotic manipulator pose tracking problem. The point pair (a geometric entity expressed in geometric algebra) is used to represent position and orientation of the end-effector of a manipulator. This permits us to express the direct and differential kinematics of the endeffector of the manipulator in a simple and compact way. For the control, a sliding mode controller is designed with the following properties: robustness against perturbations and parameter variations, finite time convergence, and easy implementation. Finally, the application, of the proposed controller in a 6 DOF robotic manipulator is presented via simulation.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologí

Strong Euler well-composedness

In this paper, we define a new flavour of well-composedness, called strong Euler well composedness. In the general setting of regular cell complexes, a regular cell complex of dimension n is strongly Euler well-composed if the Euler characteristic of the link of each boundary cell is 1, which is the Euler characteristic of an (n−1)-dimensional ball. Working in the particular setting of cubical complexes canonically associated with nD pictures, we formally prove in this paper that strong Euler well-composedness implies digital well-composedness in any dimension n ≥ 2 and that the converse is not true when n ≥ 4Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades PID2019-107339GB-I00Junta de Andalucía P20_0114