A meta-analysis of deltoid ligament on ankle joint fracture combining deltoid ligament injury

PurposeAnkle fracture combined with deltoid ligament (DL) injury results in decreased stability of ankle mortise, reduced contact surface between tibial and talus, increased local stress, and increased postoperative complications. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the postoperative effects of repairing ligaments in ankle fractures with DL rupture.MethodsAccording to the steps of the Cochrane systematic review, the related literatures from PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library Databases were retrieved as of September 1, 2021, and all relevant randomized controlled trials and retrospective studies were collected. The evaluation indicators include medial clear space (MCS), visual analogue scale (VAS), American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS), complications rate. Meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan® 5.3 provided by the Cochrane collaboration.ResultsA total of 388 patients (195 patients in the ligament repair group and 193 patients in the non-repair group) were included in 7 clinical trials. Meta-analysis data showed there were no statistically significant differences between the ligament repair group and non-repair group in final follow-up VAS, final AOFAS and postoperative MCS (P = 0.50, P = 0.04, P = 0.14, P = 0.14, respectively). Final follow-up MCS and complications rate in ligament repair group were smaller than those in the non-repair group and were statistically significant (P < 0.00001, P = 0.006, respectively).ConclusionAlthough there was no difference in in final follow-up VAS, final follow-up AOFAS and postoperative MCS between experimental group and control group, It's statistically significant in final follow-up MCS and complications rate. Ligament repair could reduce the width of MCS, restore ankle stability, reduce the incidence of complications and lead to a better prognosis

Bioactive thionic compounds and aromatic glycosides from Ligusticum chuanxiong

Three new thionic compounds, (S)-2-(2-carboxyl-2-hydroxyethylthio)-ferulic acid (1), (E)-2-methoxy-4-(3-(methylsulfonyl)prop-1-en-1-yl)phenol (2), and thiosenkyunolide C (3), together with two new aromatic glycosides (4 and 5) were isolated from the rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. Two known compounds (6 and 7) were also obtained. Their structures were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic data (UV, IR, 1D and 2D NMR, and HR-ESI-MS). Furthermore the absolute configurations were established by comparison of their calculated and experimental circular dichroism spectra and by a dimolybdenum tetraacetate [Mo2(AcO)4]-induced circular dichroism procedure. All compounds were evaluated against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NO production in BV2 cells, and compounds 4 and 5 showed strong inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 2.03 and 3.09 µmol/L, respectively (positive control curcumin, IC50 = 6.17 µmol/L). In addition, compound 1 showed weak proteintyrosine phosphatase-1B (PTP1B) inhibitory activity. KEY WORDS: Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort., Thionic compounds, Aromatic glycosides, Anti-inflammatory, Natural product

Nine compounds from the root bark of Lycium chinense and their anti-inflammatory activitieslammatory activitiesretain-->

Two new compounds, named lyciumlignan D (1) and lyciumphenyl propanoid A (2), along with seven known compounds, were isolated from the root bark of Lycium chinense. Their structures were elucidated using spectroscopic data (UV, IR, HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR, CD), as well as by comparison with those of the literature. Compounds 39 were isolated from this genus for the first time. In the in vitro assay, compounds 3, 6, and 7 exhibited stronger anti-inflammatory effects than the positive control curcumin at a concentration of 10 μmol/L

<i>In-Vitro</i> Replication Studies on <i>O</i>²‑Methylthymidine and <i>O</i>⁴‑Methylthymidine

<i>O</i>²- and <i>O</i>⁴-methylthymidine (<i>O</i>²-MdT and <i>O</i>⁴-MdT) can be induced in tissues of laboratory animals exposed with <i>N</i>-methyl-<i>N</i>-nitrosourea, a known carcinogen. These two <i>O</i>-methylated DNA adducts have been shown to be poorly repaired and may contribute to the mutations arising from exposure to DNA methylating agents. Here, <i>in vitro</i> replication studies with duplex DNA substrates containing site-specifically incorporated <i>O</i>²-MdT and <i>O</i>⁴-MdT showed that both lesions blocked DNA synthesis mediated by three different DNA polymerases, including the exonuclease-free Klenow fragment of <i>Escherichia coli</i> DNA polymerase I (Kf^–), human DNA polymerase κ (pol κ), and <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> DNA polymerase η (pol η). Results from steady-state kinetic measurements and LC-MS/MS analysis of primer extension products revealed that Kf^– and pol η preferentially incorporated the correct nucleotide (dAMP) opposite <i>O</i>²-MdT, while <i>O</i>⁴-MdT primarily directed dGMP misincorporation. While steady-state kinetic experiments showed that pol κ-mediated nucleotide insertion opposite <i>O</i>²-MdT and <i>O</i>⁴-MdT is highly promiscuous, LC-MS/MS analysis of primer extension products demonstrated that pol κ favorably incorporated the incorrect dGMP opposite both lesions. Our results underscored the limitation of the steady-state kinetic assay in determining how DNA lesions compromise DNA replication <i>in vitro</i>. In addition, the results from our study revealed that, if left unrepaired, <i>O</i>-methylated thymidine lesions may constitute important sources of nucleobase substitutions emanating from exposure to alkylating agents

Ternatusine A, a New Pyrrole Derivative with an Epoxyoxepino Ring from <i>Ranunculus ternatus</i>

Ternatusine A (<b>1</b>), a novel alkaloid with an unprecedented epoxyoxepino[4,5-<i>c</i>] pyrrole ring, was isolated from the roots of <i>Ranunculus ternatus</i> Thunb. Its unusual structure, including its absolute stereochemistry, was determined using UV, IR, HRESIMS, and 1D and 2D NMR data and through comparison of the experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. A possible biosynthetic pathway for ternatusine A was postulated

Deficiency of alkaline SMase enhances dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice with upregulation of autotaxin

Intestinal alkaline SMase (Alk-SMase) cleaves phosphocholine from SM, platelet-activating factor (PAF), and lysophosphatidylcholine. We recently found that colitis-associated colon cancer was 4- to 5-fold enhanced in Alk-SMase KO mice. Here, we further studied the pathogenesis of colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in WT and KO mice. Compared with WT mice, KO mice demonstrated greater body weight loss, more severe bloody diarrhea, broader inflammatory cell infiltration, and more serious epithelial injury. Higher levels of PAF and lower levels of interleukin (IL)10 were identified in KO mice 2 days after DSS treatment. A greater and progressive increase of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) was identified. The change was associated with increased autotaxin expression in both small intestine and colon, which was identified by immunohistochemistry study, Western blot, and sandwich ELISA. The upregulation of autotaxin coincided with an early increase of PAF. IL6 and TNFα were increased in both WT and KO mice. At the later stage (day 8), significant decreases in IL6, IL10, and PAF were identified, and the decreases were greater in KO mice. In conclusion, deficiency of Alk-SMase enhances DSS-induced colitis by mechanisms related to increased autotaxin expression and LPA formation. The early increase of PAF might be a trigger for such reactions

Polyflavanostilbene A, a New Flavanol-Fused Stilbene Glycoside from <i>Polygonum cuspidatum</i>

Polyflavanostilbene A, a new flavanol-fused stilbene glycoside, was isolated from the rhizome of <i>Polygonum cuspidatum</i>. Its unusual structure, including its absolute stereochemistry, was determined by UV, IR, HRESIMS, and 1D and 2D NMR data and by the comparison of experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Polyflavanostilbene A has an unprecedented rearranged flavanol skeleton fused to stilbene via a hexahydrocyclopenta[<i>c</i>]furan moiety. Polyflavanostilbene A showed strong inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase with an IC₅₀ value of 17.7 μM