A Migration Method of MPI Program Combining Local Library Replacement and Instruction Translation

Binary translation acts as a main method used to solve software compatibility among different instruction set architectures (ISAs), yet the main objects that the binary translator deals with are serial programs but not parallel programs. We propose a hybrid method combining local library replacement and instruction translation based on a formal model built to describe the equivalent when migrating MPI programs between different clusters. The shared codes in a MPI program (MPI library function call) are treated by executing local libraries, and the other parts are done by dynamic binary translation. Also, during the course of dealing with local library functions, we propose a method of program flow redirection by designing two algorithms along with hierarchically encapsulating local libraries. A framework called MPI-QEMU is designed to implement migrating MPI program of 64 bits from X86-64/Linux platform to the domestic SW platform which is verified by experiment

Phase Control on Surface for the Stabilization of High Energy Cathode Materials of Lithium Ion Batteries.

The development of high energy electrode materials for lithium ion batteries is challenged by their inherent instabilities, which become more aggravated as the energy densities continue to climb, accordingly causing increasing concerns on battery safety and reliability. Here, taking the high voltage cathode of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 as an example, we demonstrate a protocol to stabilize this cathode through a systematic phase modulating on its particle surface. We are able to transfer the spinel surface into a 30 nm shell composed of two functional phases including a rock-salt one and a layered one. The former is electrochemically inert for surface stabilization while the latter is designated to provide necessary electrochemical activity. The precise synthesis control enables us to tune the ratio of these two phases, and achieve an optimized balance between improved stability against structural degradation without sacrificing its capacity. This study highlights the critical importance of well-tailored surface phase property for the cathode stabilization of high energy lithium ion batteries

A New Self-Powered Sensor Using the Radial Field Piezoelectric Diaphragm in d ₃₃ Mode for Detecting Underwater Disturbances

This paper presents a new sensor based on a radial field bulk piezoelectric diaphragm to provide energy-efficient and high-performance situational sensing for autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). This sensor is self-powered, does not need an external power supply, and works efficiently in d33 mode by using inter-circulating electrodes to release the radial in-plane poling. Finite element analysis was conducted to estimate the sensor behavior. Sensor prototypes were fabricated by microfabrication technology. The dynamic behaviors of the piezoelectric diaphragm were examined by the impedance spectrum. By imitating the underwater disturbance and generating the oscillatory flow velocities with a vibrating sphere, the performance of the sensor in detecting the oscillatory flow was tested. Experimental results show that the sensitivity of the sensor is up to 1.16 mV/(mm/s), and the detectable oscillatory flow velocity is as low as 4 mm/s. Further, this sensor can work well under a disturbance with low frequency. The present work provides a good application prospect for the underwater sensing of AUVs

Atmospheric new particle formation from sulfuric acid and amines in a Chinese megacity

Atmospheric new particle formation (NPF) is an important global phenomenon that is nevertheless sensitive to ambient conditions. According to both observation and theoretical arguments, NPF usually requires a relatively high sulfuric acid (H2SO4) concentration to promote the formation of new particles and a low preexisting aerosol loading to minimize the sink of new particles. We investigated NPF in Shanghai and were able to observe both precursor vapors (H2SO4) and initial clusters at a molecular level in a megacity. High NPF rates were observed to coincide with several familiar markers suggestive of H2SO4-dimethylamine (DMA)water (H2O) nucleation, including sulfuric acid dimers and H2SO4-DMA clusters. In a cluster kinetics simulation, the observed concentration of sulfuric acid was high enough to explain the particle growth to similar to 3 nanometers under the very high condensation sink, whereas the subsequent higher growth rate beyond this size is believed to result fromthe added contribution of condensing organic species. These findings will help in understanding urban NPF and its air quality and climate effects, as well as in formulating policies to mitigate secondary particle formation in China.Peer reviewe

KOBAS 2.0: a web server for annotation and identification of enriched pathways and diseases

High-throughput experimental technologies often identify dozens to hundreds of genes related to, or changed in, a biological or pathological process. From these genes one wants to identify biological pathways that may be involved and diseases that may be implicated. Here, we report a web server, KOBAS 2.0, which annotates an input set of genes with putative pathways and disease relationships based on mapping to genes with known annotations. It allows for both ID mapping and cross-species sequence similarity mapping. It then performs statistical tests to identify statistically significantly enriched pathways and diseases. KOBAS 2.0 incorporates knowledge across 1327 species from 5 pathway databases (KEGG PATHWAY, PID, BioCyc, Reactome and Panther) and 5 human disease databases (OMIM, KEGG DISEASE, FunDO, GAD and NHGRI GWAS Catalog). KOBAS 2.0 can be accessed at http://kobas.cbi.pku.edu.cn

Metabolic risk factors of cognitive impairment in young women with major psychiatric disorder

BackgroundCognitive performance improves clinical outcomes of patients with major psychiatric disorder (MPD), but is impaired by hyperglycemia. Psychotropic agents often induce metabolism syndrome (MetS). The identification of modifiable metabolic risk factors of cognitive impairment may enable targeted improvements of patient care.ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between MetS and cognitive impairment in young women with MPD, and to explore risk factors.MethodsWe retrospectively studied women of 18–34 years of age receiving psychotropic medications for first-onset schizophrenia (SCH), bipolar disorder (BP), or major depressive disorder (MDD). Data were obtained at four time points: presentation but before psychotropic medication; 4–8 and 8–12 weeks of psychotropic therapy; and enrollment. MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery, (MCCB)—based Global Deficit Scores were used to assess cognitive impairment. Multiple logistic analysis was used to calculate risk factors. Multivariate models were used to investigate factors associated with cognitive impairment.ResultsWe evaluated 2,864 participants. Cognitive impairment was observed in 61.94% of study participants, and was most prevalent among patients with BP (69.38%). HbA1c within the 8–12 week-treatment interval was the most significant risk factor and highest in BP. Factors in SCH included pre-treatment waist circumference and elevated triglycerides during the 8–12 weeks treatment interval. Cumulative dosages of antipsychotics, antidepressants, and valproate were associated with cognitive impairment in all MPD subgroups, although lithium demonstrated a protect effect (all P < 0.001).ConclusionsCognitive impairment was associated with elevated HbA1c and cumulative medication dosages. Pre-treatment waist circumference and triglyceride level at 8–12 weeks were risk factors in SCH. Monitoring these indices may inform treatment revisions to improve clinical outcomes

Chem. Eng. Commun.

A kind of desulfurization adsorbent, (Ni/W)-gamma-Al2O3 microsphere, was prepared by a new method of in situ chemical reduction. The adsorbent consists of active components (transition metals Ni and W) and a carrier (gamma-Al2O3). Ni and W in gamma-Al2O3 microspheres are fine in size and can be distributed homogeneously on the surface and inside of the gamma-Al2O3 carrier. The desulfurization of the adsorbent made by the in situ chemical reduction method was carried out in model gasoline. Its desulfurization capacity increases 23% in comparison with that made by the conventional impregnation method. The composition and configuration of adsorbents were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The in situ chemical reduction method offers a new and promising method for preparation of desulfurization adsorbents containing active components.A kind of desulfurization adsorbent, (Ni/W)-gamma-Al2O3 microsphere, was prepared by a new method of in situ chemical reduction. The adsorbent consists of active components (transition metals Ni and W) and a carrier (gamma-Al2O3). Ni and W in gamma-Al2O3 microspheres are fine in size and can be distributed homogeneously on the surface and inside of the gamma-Al2O3 carrier. The desulfurization of the adsorbent made by the in situ chemical reduction method was carried out in model gasoline. Its desulfurization capacity increases 23% in comparison with that made by the conventional impregnation method. The composition and configuration of adsorbents were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The in situ chemical reduction method offers a new and promising method for preparation of desulfurization adsorbents containing active components

Surf. Coat. Technol.

Gamma-Al2O3 nano-particles were synthesized and modified using gum arabic (GA) to avoid agglomeration in aqueous solutions. Its effect on adsorptive desulfurization and biodesulfurization was also evaluated. Results showed that gamma-Al2O3 nano-particles dispersed well in aqueous solutions after GA modification. The adsorptive desulfurization capacity of gamma-Al2O3 nano-particles was increased from 0.56 mmol S/g (Al2O3) to 0.81 mmol S/g (Al2O3) after GA modification. Compared with unmodified gamma-Al2O3 nano-particles, the biodesulfurization rate by adsorbing GA modified gamma-Al2O3 nano-particles onto the surfaces of Pseudomonas delafieldii R-8 cells was increased from 17.8 mmol center dot kg(-1)center dot h(-1) to 25.7 mmol center dot kg(-1)center dot h(-1). This may be due to improvement in the dispersion and biocompatibility of gamma-Al2O3 nano-particles after GA modification. (C) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V.Gamma-Al2O3 nano-particles were synthesized and modified using gum arabic (GA) to avoid agglomeration in aqueous solutions. Its effect on adsorptive desulfurization and biodesulfurization was also evaluated. Results showed that gamma-Al2O3 nano-particles dispersed well in aqueous solutions after GA modification. The adsorptive desulfurization capacity of gamma-Al2O3 nano-particles was increased from 0.56 mmol S/g (Al2O3) to 0.81 mmol S/g (Al2O3) after GA modification. Compared with unmodified gamma-Al2O3 nano-particles, the biodesulfurization rate by adsorbing GA modified gamma-Al2O3 nano-particles onto the surfaces of Pseudomonas delafieldii R-8 cells was increased from 17.8 mmol center dot kg(-1)center dot h(-1) to 25.7 mmol center dot kg(-1)center dot h(-1). This may be due to improvement in the dispersion and biocompatibility of gamma-Al2O3 nano-particles after GA modification. (C) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V