Centro de interpretación en el borde de la Loma de Amancaes, Rímac

Cuando visitamos un lugar por primera vez, por lo general no somos conscientes del valor intrínseco que este posee. Una visión superficial nos limita a percibir el territorio bajo una incorrecta abstracción del imaginario colectivo1 y la memoria del lugar. Este enfoque nos conduce a una interpretación prejuiciosa de los territorios ajenos a nuestra realidad cotidiana, la cual genera una barrera entre nosotros y la sensibilización espacial. Si extrapolamos esta idea a la realidad urbana limeña, al momento de representar los escenarios del centro y la periferia de la ciudad, se evidencia la ignorancia de la cualidad dinámica del borde, como un lugar cargado de memoria, escenas, vivencias, y elementos de identidad cultural, centrando nuestra atención solo en la precariedad y carencia material

Deficiency in the Phosphorylated Pathway of Serine Biosynthesis Perturbs Sulfur Assimilation

Anoman AD, Flores-Tornero M, Benstein RM, et al. Deficiency in the Phosphorylated Pathway of Serine Biosynthesis Perturbs Sulfur Assimilation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY. 2019;180(1):153-170.Although the plant Phosphorylated Pathway of L-Ser Biosynthesis (PPSB) is essential for embryo and pollen development, and for root growth, its metabolic implications have not been fully investigated. A transcriptomics analysis of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) PPSB-deficient mutants at night, when PPSB activity is thought to be more important, suggested interaction with the sulfate assimilation process. Because sulfate assimilation occurs mainly in the light, we also investigated it in PPSB-deficient lines in the day. Key genes in the sulfate starvation response, such as the adenosine 5'phosphosulfate reductase genes, along with sulfate transporters, especially those involved in sulfate translocation in the plant, were induced in the PPSB-deficient lines. However, sulfate content was not reduced in these lines as compared with wild-type plants; besides the glutathione (GSH) steady-state levels in roots of PPSB-deficient lines were even higher than in wild type. This suggested that PPSB deficiency perturbs the sulfate assimilation process between tissues/organs. Alteration of thiol distribution in leaves from different developmental stages, and between aerial parts and roots in plants with reduced PPSB activity, provided evidence supporting this idea. Diminished PPSB activity caused an enhanced flux of S-35 into thiol biosynthesis, especially in roots. GSH turnover also accelerated in the PPSB-deficient lines, supporting the notion that not only biosynthesis, but also transport and allocation, of thiols were perturbed in the PPSB mutants. Our results suggest that PPSB is required for sulfide assimilation in specific heterotrophic tissues and that a lack of PPSB activity perturbs sulfur homeostasis between photosynthetic and nonphotosynthetic tissues

Association of Candidate Gene Polymorphisms With Chronic Kidney Disease: Results of a Case-Control Analysis in the Nefrona Cohort

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major risk factor for end-stage renal disease, cardiovascular disease and premature death. Despite classical clinical risk factors for CKD and some genetic risk factors have been identified, the residual risk observed in prediction models is still high. Therefore, new risk factors need to be identified in order to better predict the risk of CKD in the population. Here, we analyzed the genetic association of 79 SNPs of proteins associated with mineral metabolism disturbances with CKD in a cohort that includes 2, 445 CKD cases and 559 controls. Genotyping was performed with matrix assisted laser desorption ionizationtime of flight mass spectrometry. We used logistic regression models considering different genetic inheritance models to assess the association of the SNPs with the prevalence of CKD, adjusting for known risk factors. Eight SNPs (rs1126616, rs35068180, rs2238135, rs1800247, rs385564, rs4236, rs2248359, and rs1564858) were associated with CKD even after adjusting by sex, age and race. A model containing five of these SNPs (rs1126616, rs35068180, rs1800247, rs4236, and rs2248359), diabetes and hypertension showed better performance than models considering only clinical risk factors, significantly increasing the area under the curve of the model without polymorphisms. Furthermore, one of the SNPs (the rs2248359) showed an interaction with hypertension, being the risk genotype affecting only hypertensive patients. We conclude that 5 SNPs related to proteins implicated in mineral metabolism disturbances (Osteopontin, osteocalcin, matrix gla protein, matrix metalloprotease 3 and 24 hydroxylase) are associated to an increased risk of suffering CKD

Nuevo método de análisis de elementos químicos, metales y no metales en líquidos por ablación láser previa congelación de la muestra

Depto. de Química AnalíticaFac. de Ciencias Químicaspu

Borde en conflicto, caso de estudio: Lomas de Amancaes

Las lomas son ambientes naturales de condiciones ecológicas especiales, que surgen del encuentro de estribaciones costeras y la neblina invernal. Su vasta riqueza natural, con flora y fauna endémica, es exclusiva del Perú y parte de Chile. Sin embargo, este ecosistema se ha visto seriamente descuidado por el Estado, a pesar de contar con grandes beneficios para la población. Actualmente, las lomas de Amancaes atraviesan su mayor reto, el de subsistir frente a una fuerte presión urbana que no parece tener intenciones de detenerse; por ello, urge la presencia de una intervención que regule el conflicto en el borde natural-urbano.Coastal hills are natural environments with special ecological conditions that arise from coastal foothills and winter fog. Their vast natural wealth, with endemic flora and fauna, is exclusive to Peru and part of Chile. However, the State has seriously neglected this ecosystem, despite having significant benefits for the popu-lation. Currently, the Amancaes coastal hills are going through their most significant challenge, that of surviving in the face of strong urban pressure that does not seem to have any inten-tion of stopping; therefore, the presence of an intervention that regulates the conflict on the natural-urban edge is urgent

Static magnetic field stimulation over motor cortex modulates resting functional connectivity in humans

Focal application of transcranial static magnetic field stimulation (tSMS) over the human motor cortex induces local changes in cortical excitability. Whether tSMS can also induce distant network effects, and how these local and distant effects may vary over time, is currently unknown. In this study, we applied 10 min tSMS over the left motor cortex of healthy subjects using a real/sham parallel design. To measure tSMS effects at the sensori-motor network level, we used resting-state fMRI. Real tSMS, but not sham, reduced functional connectivity within the stimulated sensori-motor network. This effect of tSMS showed time-dependency, returning to sham levels after the first 5 min of fMRI scanning. With 10 min real tSMS over the motor cortex we did not observe effects in other functional networks examined (default mode and visual system networks). In conclusion, 10 min of tSMS over a location within the sensori-motor network reduces functional connectivity within the same functional network

Experts document on methotrexate use in combined therapy with biological or targeted synthetic disease modifying drugs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis Documento de expertos sobre el uso de terapia combinada de metotrexato con terapias biológicas o terapias dirigidas a pacientes con artritis reumatoide

We aimed to develop recommendations for the management of methotrexate (MTX) when considering the combination with biological (b) or targeted synthetic (ts) disease modifying drugs (DMARDs) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Eleven experts on RA were selected. Two coordinators formulated 13 questions about the combination therapy of MTX with bDMARDs or tsDMARDs. A systematic review was conducted to answer the questions. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were established as well as the search strategies (Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Library were searched up to January 2019). Two reviewers selected the articles and collected data. Simultaneously, EULAR and ACR meeting abstracts were evaluated. Based on this evidence, the coordinators proposed preliminary recommendations that the experts discussed and voted in a nominal group meeting. The level of evidence and grade of recommendation was established using the Oxford Center for Evidence Based Medicine and the level of agreement with a Delphi. Agreement was established if at least 80% of the experts voted 'yes' (yes/no). The systematic review retrieved 513 citations of which 61 were finally included. A total of 10 recommendations were generated, voted and accepted. The level of agreement was very high in all of them and it was achieved in the first Delphi round. Final recommendations cover aspects such as the optimal MTX dosage, tapering strategy or patients' risk management. This document is intended to help clinicians solve usual clinical questions and facilitate decision making when treating RA patients with MTX in combination with bDMARDs or tsDMARDs