A Competing Hydrogen Bonding Pattern to Yield Thermo-Thickening Supramolecular Polymer

International audienceIntroduction of competing interactions in the design of a supramolecular polymer (SP) creates pathway complexity. Ester–bis‐ureas contain both a strong bis‐urea sticker that is responsible for the build‐up of long rod‐like objects by hydrogen bonding and ester groups that can interfere with this main pattern in a subtle way. Spectroscopic (FTIR and CD), calorimetric (DSC), and scattering (SANS) techniques show that such ester–bis‐ureas self‐assemble into three competing rod‐like SPs. The previously unreported low‐temperature SP is stabilized by hydrogen bonds between the interfering ester groups and the urea moieties. It also features a weak macroscopic alignment of the rods. The other structures form isotropic dispersions of rods stabilized by the more classical urea‐urea hydrogen bonding pattern. The transition from the low‐temperature structure to the next occurs reversibly by heating and is accompanied by an increase in viscosity, a rare feature for solutions in hydrocarbons

Musiques nomades : objets, réseaux, itinéraires

Ce numéro présente des recherches inédites portant sur les formes de circulation du spectacle musical examiné dans toute sa diversité (concert, musique sacrée, danse, opéra, cérémonies princières…), les acteurs sociaux qui y participent et les animent, leurs motivations et les effets de ces mobilités artistiques, des prémices de l’âge baroque à l’ère romantique. Cette période coïncide avec un ample processus de professionnalisation et de diversification du milieu musical, qui contribue au développement d’un véritable marché de la musique à l’échelle européenne, accentuant les concurrences et recomposant les hiérarchies internes à la société musicale. Les domaines d’investigation portent sur des objets variés : les instruments, les accessoires et tous les artefacts qu’impliquent une performance musicale ; les œuvres ; les artistes eux-mêmes ; le rôle des médiateurs culturels qui animent les réseaux structurant les itinéraires des mobilités artistiques ; les solidarités multiples qui soutiennent les projets de mobilité, qu’elles soient de nature professionnelle, religieuse, nationale ou liées à des formes de patronage ; l’impact de ces circulations sur les transferts culturels et la fabrique du goût musical ; l’analyse des contraintes matérielles et administratives qui peuvent peser sur les parcours, les calendriers et la densité des circulations. Ainsi s’agit-il d’articuler les itinéraires individuels des musiciens et musiciennes et les destins collectifs, dans le cadre de l’historiographie récente des réseaux et des phénomènes diasporiques. Mélanie Traversier est maître de conférences en histoire moderne à Lille III, et membre de l’Institut universitaire de France à compter du 1er octobre 2015. Spécialiste de l’histoire sociale des pratiques musicales au XVIIIe siècle, elle est l’auteure de plusieurs ouvrages et travaux sur les pratiques musicales et leur inscription dans le paysage urbain, le marché de la musique, et le milieu des professionnels de la scène musicale dans l’Europe du siècle des Lumières. Elle a notamment codirigé avec Laure Gauthier Mélodies urbaines : la musique dans les villes d’Europe (XVIe-XIXe siècle), PUPS, 2008

Efficacy and feasibility of sorafenib as a maintenance agent after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3-mutated acute myeloid leukemia

International audienc

Preemptive rituximab prevents long-term relapses in immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura

Preemptive rituximab infusions prevent relapses in immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) by maintaining normal ADAMTS13 activity. However, the long-term outcome of these patients and the potential adverse events of this strategy need to be determined. We report the long-term outcome of 92 patients with iTTP in clinical remission who received preemptive rituximab after identification of severe ADAMTS13 deficiency (activity 1 iTTP episode, and the median cumulative relapse incidence before preemptive rituximab was 0.33 episode per year (interquartile range [IQR], 0.23-0.66). After preemptive rituximab, the median cumulative relapse incidence in the whole population decreased to 0 episodes per year (IQR, 0-1.32; P < .001). After preemptive rituximab, ADAMTS13 activity recovery was sustained in 34 patients (37%) during a follow-up of 31.5 months (IQR, 18-65), and severe ADAMTS13 deficiency recurred in 45 patients (49%) after the initial improvement. ADAMTS13 activity usually improved with additional courses of preemptive rituximab. In 13 patients (14%), ADAMTS13 activity remained undetectable after the first rituximab course, but retreatment was efficient in 6 of 10 cases. In total, 14 patients (15%) clinically relapsed, and 19 patients (20.7%) experienced benign adverse effects. Preemptive rituximab treatment was associated with a change in ADAMTS13 conformation in respondent patients. Finally, in the group of 23 historical patients with iTTP and persistently undetectable ADAMTS13 activity, 74% clinically relapsed after a 7-year follow-up (IQR, 5-11). In conclusion, persistently undetectable ADAMTS13 activity in iTTP during remission is associated with a higher relapse rate. Preemptive rituximab reduces clinical relapses by maintaining a detectable ADAMTS13 activity with an advantageous risk-benefit balance.status: publishe

Advancing environmental monitoring across the water continuum combining biomarker analysis in multiple sentinel species: A case study in the Seine-Normandie Basin (France)

International audienceNowadays, biomarkers are recognized as valuable tools to complement chemical and ecological assessments in biomonitoring programs. They provide insights into the effects of contaminant exposures on individuals and establish connections between environmental pressure and biological response at higher levels. In the last decade, strong improvements in the design of experimental protocols and the result interpretation facilitated the use of biomarker across wide geographical areas, including aquatic continua. Notably, the statistical establishment of reference values and thresholds enabled the discrimination of contamination effects in environmental conditions, allowed interspecies comparisons, and eliminated the need of a reference site.The aim of this work was to study freshwater-estuarine-coastal water continua by applying biomarker measurements in multi-species caged organisms. During two campaigns, eight sentinel species, encompassing fish, mollusks, and crustaceans, were deployed to cover 25 sites from rivers to the sea. As much as possible, a common methodology was employed for biomarker measurements (DNA damage and phagocytosis efficiency) and data interpretation based on guidelines established using reference values and induction/inhibition thresholds (establishment of three effect levels).The methodology was successfully implemented and allowed us to assess the environmental quality. Employing multiple species per site enhances confidence in observed trends. The results highlight the feasibility of integrating biomarker-based environmental monitoring programs across a continuum scale. Biomarker results align with Water Framework Directive indicators in cases of poor site quality. Additionally, when discrepancies arise between chemical and ecological statuses, biomarker findings offer a comprehensive perspective to elucidate the disparities. Presented as a pilot project, this work contributes to gain insights into current biomonitoring needs, providing new questions and perspectives

Advancing environmental monitoring across the water continuum combining biomarker analysis in multiple sentinel species: A case study in the Seine-Normandie Basin (France)

Nowadays, biomarkers are recognized as valuable tools to complement chemical and ecological assessments in biomonitoring programs. They provide insights into the effects of contaminant exposures on individuals and establish connections between environmental pressure and biological response at higher levels. In the last decade, strong improvements in the design of experimental protocols and the result interpretation facilitated the use of biomarker across wide geographical areas, including aquatic continua. Notably, the statistical establishment of reference values and thresholds enabled the discrimination of contamination effects in environmental conditions, allowed interspecies comparisons, and eliminated the need of a reference site. The aim of this work was to study freshwater -estuarine -coastal water continua by applying biomarker measurements in multi -species caged organisms. During two campaigns, eight sentinel species, encompassing fish, mollusks, and crustaceans, were deployed to cover 25 sites from rivers to the sea. As much as possible, a common methodology was employed for biomarker measurements (DNA damage and phagocytosis efficiency) and data interpretation based on guidelines established using reference values and induction/inhibition thresholds (establishment of three effect levels). The methodology was successfully implemented and allowed us to assess the environmental quality. Employing multiple species per site enhances confidence in observed trends. The results highlight the feasibility of integrating biomarker-based environmental monitoring programs across a continuum scale. Biomarker results align with Water Framework Directive indicators in cases of poor site quality. Additionally, when discrepancies arise between chemical and ecological statuses, biomarker findings offer a comprehensive perspective to elucidate the disparities. Presented as a pilot project, this work contributes to gain insights into current biomonitoring needs, providing new questions and perspectives