Communicating Care in Coastal Fisheries: Restoration, Adaptation, and Collaborative Policy Change

The soft-shell clam fishery in Maine and Wabanaki homelands is in a state of crisis, or so say most news reports about this fishery. While there is ample evidence that small-scale fisheries and the communities these fisheries support are rapidly changing, the crisis narrative conceals more than it reveals about how communities are actively responding and the longer-term histories to which these changes are connected. In this paper, we describe the dominance of the crisis narrative in news reports about clamming and we connect with critiques in Native American and Indigenous Studies and environmental communication that describe some of the problems with this narrative. These critiques also point to a need to shift from crisis to more relational forms of care. When we make this shift, different stories of conservation and intertidal restoration, the emergence of partnership networks, and the formation of collaborative policy solutions come into view. We listen to and share these stories and we conclude by asking how listening, as a call to action, can shape broader, crisis-focused efforts and encourage practices of care within climate adaptation planning across contexts

Parental perceptions of the impact of neonatal unit visitation policies during COVID-19 pandemic

Objectives To ascertain parental perceptions of the impact of restricted visiting policies to neonatal intensive care units during the current COVID-19 pandemic. Design Cross-sectional survey of parents impacted by visitation policies. Setting Six tertiary level neonatal units, four from the UK and two from the USA, participated in the study. Participants Parents and families of infants hospitalised in the participating centres between 1 May 2020 and 21 August 2020. Methods Online-based and/or paper-based survey, querying the visitation policies and their impact on parents' ability to visit, care for and bond with their infants. Results A total of 231 responses were received. Visitation limited to a single visitor with no restrictions on duration was the most frequently reported policy; 140/217 (63%). Visitation policies were perceived as being restrictive by 62% (138/219) of the respondents with 37% (80/216) reporting being able to visit less often than desired, 41% (78/191) reporting being unable to bond enough and 27% (51/191) reporting not being able to participate in their baby's daily care. Mild to severe impact on breast feeding was reported by 36% (75/209) of respondents. Stricter policies had a higher impact on families and were significantly associated with a lack of bonding time, inability to participate in care and an adverse impact on breast feeding. Conclusions Visitation policies during the COVID-19 pandemic varied between centres and over time with stricter restrictions implemented earlier on in the pandemic. Parents reported significant impacts on their ability to visit, care for and bond with their infants with perceived severity of impact worse with stricter restrictions

Syndromics: A Bioinformatics Approach for Neurotrauma Research

Substantial scientific progress has been made in the past 50 years in delineating many of the biological mechanisms involved in the primary and secondary injuries following trauma to the spinal cord and brain. These advances have highlighted numerous potential therapeutic approaches that may help restore function after injury. Despite these advances, bench-to-bedside translation has remained elusive. Translational testing of novel therapies requires standardized measures of function for comparison across different laboratories, paradigms, and species. Although numerous functional assessments have been developed in animal models, it remains unclear how to best integrate this information to describe the complete translational “syndrome” produced by neurotrauma. The present paper describes a multivariate statistical framework for integrating diverse neurotrauma data and reviews the few papers to date that have taken an information-intensive approach for basic neurotrauma research. We argue that these papers can be described as the seminal works of a new field that we call “syndromics”, which aim to apply informatics tools to disease models to characterize the full set of mechanistic inter-relationships from multi-scale data. In the future, centralized databases of raw neurotrauma data will enable better syndromic approaches and aid future translational research, leading to more efficient testing regimens and more clinically relevant findings

Återhämtning i en digitaliserad värld : En induktiv kvalitativ fallstudie om arbetsgivares och arbetstagares uppfattningar om digitala lösningar för att främja återhämtning

Recovery from work is crucial for health and well-being, and organizations have an obligation to enable employee recovery. Organizations can promote employee recovery by implementing strategies and thus reach sustainable development. In 2020, organizations exist in a digitalized world, which has expedited the need to implement digital solutions and use them for processes. Encouraging and fostering recovery are central elements in promoting recovery and digital solutions could help with both elements.The usage of digital solutions include how digital solutions are used and how they could be used. There is no previous research on digital solutions, recovery promotion and usage, so we define our research phenomenon as the usage of digital solutions to promote recovery. We identify our research gap in the connection of recovery and digital solutions in an organizational context. By describing the research phenomenon, we can fill this research gap and thus add to the existing literature on organizational health and well-being. The purpose of this research is to describe organizations’ usage of digital solutions to promote recovery.By performing an inductive qualitative case study, we collect data by performing a documentation review and online surveys. We find that mobile applications, virtual assistants, activity trackers, virtual reality and smart electric bicycles can be used to promote recovery. We also find a favorable context for both recovery and for digital solutions to promote recovery. Further, we see potential for using the identified digital solutions to promote recovery. We conclude that strategy implementation consisting of digital solutions to promote recovery in organizations will lead to a higher level of healthy workforce.Återhämtning från arbetet är centralt för hälsa och välmående och organisationer har en skyldighet att möjliggöra anställdas återhämtning. Organisationer kan främja anställdas återhämtning genom att implementera strategier och på så sätt nå hållbar utveckling. År 2020 existerar organisationer i en digitaliserad värld, vilken har påskyndat behovet av att implementera digitala lösningar och använda dem för processer. Att uppmuntra och stödja återhämtning är centrala delar i att främja återhämtning och digitala lösningar kan hjälpa båda delar.Användningen av digitala lösningar inkluderar hur digitala lösningar används och hur de kan användas. Det finns ingen tidigare forskning om digitala lösningar, att främja återhämtning och användning, så vi definierar vårt forskningsfenomen som användningen av digitala lösningar för att främja återhämtning. Vi identifierar vårt forskningsgap i kopplingen av återhämtning och digitala lösningar i en organisatorisk kontext. Genom att beskriva forskningsfenomenet kan vi fylla detta forskningsgap och därmed addera till den befintliga litteraturen om organisatorisk hälsa och välmående. Syftet med denna forskning är att beskriva organisationers användning av digitala lösningar för att främja återhämtning.Genom att utföra en induktiv kvalitativ fallstudie samlar vi in data genom att utföra en dokumentinsamling och enkätundersökningar online. Vi finner att mobilapplikationer, virtuella assistenter, aktivitetsmätare, virtual reality och smarta el-cyklar kan användas för att främja återhämtning. Vi finner också en gynnsam kontext för både återhämtning och för digitala lösningar för att främja återhämtning. Vidare ser vi potential för att använda de identifierade digitala lösningarna för att främja återhämtning. Vi drar slutsatsen att strategiimplementering bestående av digitala lösningar för att främja återhämtning i organisationer kommer att leda till en högre nivå av hälsosam arbetskraft

Ledarskapsförmågan för tillväxt av sociala företag : En utforskande studie om faktorerna som formar sociala entreprenörers förmåga att skapa tillväxt i sociala företag

Background: The world’s population is confronting challenges related to sustainability. Businesses can and should contribute to solving these challenges, through their activities. Social entrepreneurs are the driving force of scaling social enterprises, through which economic and social value can be maximized. Hence, it is important to understand the leadership factors that shape a social entrepreneur’s capability to lead scaling processes. Purpose: To explore the role leadership factors play in social entrepreneurs’ capability to scale social enterprises Method: Ontology- Relativism; Epistemology- Social constructionism; Strategy- Qualitative, Exploratory; Design- Inductive, Grounded theory; Data collection- 11 Semi-structured interviews; Sampling- Purposive, Snowball; Data analysis- Grounded analysis. Conclusion: Several leadership factors, including background, personality characteristics and skills, motivation, team, work environment, networks and partnerships, environmental forces, and underlying factors, are identified as shaping social entrepreneurs’ capability to scale. By acknowledging not only multiple leadership factors but also on what level they exist and how they are connected, novel insights about social entrepreneurs’ capability to scale are offered

Ledarskapsförmågan för tillväxt av sociala företag : En utforskande studie om faktorerna som formar sociala entreprenörers förmåga att skapa tillväxt i sociala företag

Background: The world’s population is confronting challenges related to sustainability. Businesses can and should contribute to solving these challenges, through their activities. Social entrepreneurs are the driving force of scaling social enterprises, through which economic and social value can be maximized. Hence, it is important to understand the leadership factors that shape a social entrepreneur’s capability to lead scaling processes. Purpose: To explore the role leadership factors play in social entrepreneurs’ capability to scale social enterprises Method: Ontology- Relativism; Epistemology- Social constructionism; Strategy- Qualitative, Exploratory; Design- Inductive, Grounded theory; Data collection- 11 Semi-structured interviews; Sampling- Purposive, Snowball; Data analysis- Grounded analysis. Conclusion: Several leadership factors, including background, personality characteristics and skills, motivation, team, work environment, networks and partnerships, environmental forces, and underlying factors, are identified as shaping social entrepreneurs’ capability to scale. By acknowledging not only multiple leadership factors but also on what level they exist and how they are connected, novel insights about social entrepreneurs’ capability to scale are offered

N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Ameliorate Neurobehavioral Outcomes Post-Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in the <i>Fat-1</i> Mouse Model

Concussions and mild traumatic brain injury (m-TBI) have been identified as a consequential public health concern because of their potential to cause considerable impairments in physical, cognitive, behavioral, and social functions. Given their prominent structural and functional roles in the brain, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have been identified as a potentially viable prophylactic agent that may ameliorate the deleterious effects of m-TBI on brain function. The purpose of the present pilot study was to investigate the effect of n-3 PUFA on neurologic function using a weight drop injury (WDI) model. Fat-1 mice, capable of synthesizing n-3 PUFA endogenously from n-6 PUFA, and their wild-type (WT) counterparts, were subjected to a mild low-impact WDI on the closed cranium, and recovery was evaluated using the neurological severity score (NSS) to assess the motor and neurobehavioral outcomes. In comparison to the WT mice, the fat-1 mice had a significantly (p ≤ 0.05) lower NSS at all time points post-WDI, and significantly greater neurological restoration measured as the time to first movement. Overall, these findings demonstrate the protective effect of n-3 PUFA against mild brain injury

A Systematic Review of Directly Applied Biologic Therapies for Acute Spinal Cord Injury

An increasing number of therapies for spinal cord injury (SCI) are emerging from the laboratory and seeking translation into human clinical trials. Many of these are administered as soon as possible after injury with the hope of attenuating secondary damage and maximizing the extent of spared neurologic tissue. In this article, we systematically reviewed the available preclinical research on such neuroprotective therapies that are administered in a non-invasive manner for acute SCI. Specifically, we reviewed treatments that have a relatively high potential for translation due to the fact that they are already used in human clinical applications or are available in a form that could be administered to humans. These included: erythropoietin, NSAIDs, anti-CD11d antibodies, minocycline, progesterone, estrogen, magnesium, riluzole, polyethylene glycol, atorvastatin, inosine, and pioglitazone. The literature was systematically reviewed to examine studies in which an in vivo animal model was utilized to assess the efficacy of the therapy in a traumatic spinal cord injury paradigm. Using these criteria, 122 studies were identified and reviewed in detail. Wide variations exist in the animal species, injury models, and experimental designs reported in the preclinical literature on the therapies reviewed. The review highlights the extent of investigation that has occurred in these specific therapies, and points out gaps in our knowledge that would be potentially valuable prior to human translation

A Systematic Review of Non-Invasive Pharmacologic Neuroprotective Treatments for Acute Spinal Cord Injury

An increasing number of therapies for spinal cord injury (SCI) are emerging from the laboratory and seeking translation into human clinical trials. Many of these are administered as soon as possible after injury with the hope of attenuating secondary damage and maximizing the extent of spared neurologic tissue. In this article, we systematically review the available pre-clinical research on such neuroprotective therapies that are administered in a non-invasive manner for acute SCI. Specifically, we review treatments that have a relatively high potential for translation due to the fact that they are already used in human clinical applications, or are available in a form that could be administered to humans. These include: erythropoietin, NSAIDs, anti-CD11d antibodies, minocycline, progesterone, estrogen, magnesium, riluzole, polyethylene glycol, atorvastatin, inosine, and pioglitazone. The literature was systematically reviewed to examine studies in which an in-vivo animal model was utilized to assess the efficacy of the therapy in a traumatic SCI paradigm. Using these criteria, 122 studies were identified and reviewed in detail. Wide variations exist in the animal species, injury models, and experimental designs reported in the pre-clinical literature on the therapies reviewed. The review highlights the extent of investigation that has occurred in these specific therapies, and points out gaps in our knowledge that would be potentially valuable prior to human translation