Inflectional instabilities in the wall region of bounded turbulent shear flows

The primary thrust of this research was to identify one or more mechanisms responsible for strong turbulence production events in the wall region of bounded turbulent shear flows. Based upon previous work in a transitional boundary layer, it seemed highly probable that the production events were preceded by an inflectional velocity profile which formed on the interface between the low-speed streak and the surrounding fluid. In bounded transitional flows, this unstable profile developed velocity fluctuations in the streamwise direction and in the direction perpendicular to the sheared surface. The rapid growth of these instabilities leads to a breakdown and production of turbulence. Since bounded turbulent flows have many of the same characteristics, they may also experience a similar type of breakdown and turbulence production mechanism

Laser anemometer measurements in a transonic axial-flow fan rotor

Laser anemometer surveys were made of the 3-D flow field in NASA rotor 67, a low aspect ratio transonic axial-flow fan rotor. The test rotor has a tip relative Mach number of 1.38. The flowfield was surveyed at design speed at near peak efficiency and near stall operating conditions. Data is presented in the form of relative Mach number and relative flow angle distributions on surfaces of revolution at nine spanwise locations evenly spaced from hub to tip. At each spanwise location, data was acquired upstream, within, and downstream of the rotor. Aerodynamic performance measurements and detailed rotor blade and annulus geometry are also presented so that the experimental results can be used as a test case for 3-D turbomachinery flow analysis codes

POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF SUBSIDIZED LIVESTOCK INSURANCE ON LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION

Recent legislation has cleared the way for subsidized livestock price insurance. Such programs could increase production. Expected feeder cattle prices with and without subsidized insurance will be analyzed using E-V and Stochastic Dominance. Results will highlight the potential effects of the program on marketing risk and production decisions.Livestock Production/Industries, Risk and Uncertainty,

Supersonic through-flow fan design

The NASA Lewis Research Center has embarked on a program to experimentally prove the concept of a supersonic through-flow fan which is to maintain supersonic velocities throughout the compression system with only weak shock-wave flow losses. The detailed design of a supersonic through-flow fan and estimated off-design performance with the use of advanced computational codes are described. A multistage compressor facility is being modified for the newly designed supersonic through-flow fan and the major aspects of this modification are briefly described

Estrogen and progesterone induce persistent increases in p53-dependent apoptosis and suppress mammary tumors in BALB/c-Trp53+/- mice

INTRODUCTION Treatment with estrogen and progesterone (E+P) mimics the protective effect of parity on mammary tumors in rodents and depends upon the activity of p53. The following experiments tested whether exogenous E+P primes p53 to be more responsive to DNA damage and whether these pathways confer resistance to mammary tumors in a mouse model of Li-Fraumeni syndrome. METHODS Mice that differ in p53 status (Trp53+/+, Trp53+/-, Trp53-/-) were treated with E+P for 14 days and then were tested for p53-dependent responses to ionizing radiation. Responses were also examined in parous and age-matched virgins. The effects of hormonal exposures on tumor incidence were examined in BALB/c-Trp53+/- mammary tissues. RESULTS Nuclear accumulation of p53 and apoptotic responses were increased similarly in the mammary epithelium from E+P-treated and parous mice compared with placebo and age-matched virgins. This effect was sustained for at least 7 weeks after E+P treatment and did not depend on the continued presence of ovarian hormones. Hormone stimulation also enhanced apoptotic responses to ionizing radiation in BALB/c-Trp53+/- mice but these responses were intermediate compared with Trp53+/+ and Trp-/- tissues, indicating haploinsufficiency. The appearance of spontaneous mammary tumors was delayed by parity in BALB/c-Trp53+/- mice. The majority of tumors lacked estrogen receptor (ER), but ER+ tumors were observed in both nulliparous and parous mice. However, apoptotic responses to ionizing radiation and tumor incidence did not differ among outgrowths of epithelial transplants from E+P-treated donors and nulliparous donors. CONCLUSION Therefore, E+P and parity confer a sustained increase in p53-mediated apoptosis within the mammary epithelium and suppress mammary tumorigenesis, but this effect was not retained in epithelial outgrowths.This work was supported by grants from the US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (W81XWH0410385 to KAD and DAMD17-01-1-0315 to ACB) and the National Institutes of Health (RO1-CA095164 to DJJ)

Identifikasi Profil Budaya Organisasi yang Mendukung Implementasi Sistem Penjaminan Mutu Perguruan Tinggi

: This research was aimed to evaluate the implementation of the Internal Quality Assurance System of the Higher Education (SPMI-PT) of Manado State Polytechnic based on the ISO 9001 Quality Management System (QMS), to identify the organizational culture profile of Manado State Polytechnic, and to examine the relationship between the implementation of ISO 9001 and the culture profile of the institution. Questionnaireswere used in order to achieve the research aims.The study found that the implementation of the eight ISO 9001 principles had not achieved the maximum level of effectiveness, and Clan culture dominated the profile of the organizational culture of Manado State Polytechnic.The research also found that: Clan culture was significantly correlated with the quality principles of Leadership, People Involvement, Process Approach, Factual Approach to Decision Making, and Mutually Beneficial Supplier Relationships;Market culture was significantly correlated with the quality principle of Customer Focus while Hierarchy culture wassignificantly correlated with the quality principles of Systems Approach to Management,and Continual Improvement. The findings are the basis for the institution to be able to develop a strong organizational culture as a driver in implementing the SPMI-PT effectively and sustainably

Problem Identification for Highway Safety Plan (FY 1983)

An annual highway safety program is proposed each year for the State of Kentucky in order to comply with Section 402, Title 23 of the United States code. This program includes the identification, programming, budgeting, and evaluation of safety projects. This report is the fourth in a series of annual reports which have been included as the problem identification portion of Kentucky\u27s Annual Highway Safety Plan. The approach used in this study involved identifying problem areas related to the 18 highway safety program standards with added emphasis placed on selected areas. This resulted in the analysis of 19 problem identification areas. Recommendations were made for programs which could serve as countermeasures for the highway safety problems identified and for studies to develop and evaluate such programs

Problem Identification for Highway Safety Plan

To comply with Section 402, Title 23 of the United States Code, each state is required to prepare an annual highway safety program. Kentucky\u27s program, which includes identification, programming, budgeting, and evaluation of highway safety projects, is intended to have a positive impact on the reduction of traffic accidents. The first step in the program, problem identification, requires systematic, statistical analyses of accident records. In-depth analyses of accident data were performed, and 29 problem areas were investigated. Accident rates were found for counties and cities in the following categories: total accidents; fatal accidents; accidents by driver age and sex; and speed-, alcohol-, and drug-related accidents. In addition, rates were reported for accidents involving pedestrians, bicycles, motorcycles, school buses, commercial buses, combination trucks, single-unit trucks, railroad trains, and emergency vehicles. This is the second report on problem identification prepared for the Office of Highway Safety Programs. Last year\u27s problem identification analysis was included in its entirety in Kentucky\u27s Annual Highway Safety Plan for Fiscal Year 1980

Safety Improvement Program for Toll Roads

This report presents proposed safety improvements for Kentucky\u27s toll roads. The primary methods of identifying needed improvements were an accident analysis and a field inventory. The accident analysis identified specific high-accident spots and sections. Also, accident rates were calculated for each toll road, and the types of accidents which had occurred in the 3-year period were summarized. A separate 10-year analysis of fatal accidents was made. The field inventory was used to identify roadway features which are now substandard and in need of upgrading. Also, high-accident spots and sections were investigated in the field. The benefits and costs for each improvement were estimated and used as input into a dynamic programming model used as a means of priority ranking the improvements. A total of 42 improvement alternatives were included in the analysis at an estimated cost of $58.5 million. Those alternatives with benefit-cost ratios greater than 1.0 totaled only$8.7 million