Análisis de los factores de riesgo asociados a reingreso en pacientes con cirrosis hepática

Introducción: La cirrosis hepática descompensada es una causa frecuente de reingreso hospitalario a 30, 60 y 90 días con una tasa que alcanza el 31,4 %, muy por encima del 11%-14% que es la media de cualquier otra causa. Se han identificado como factores predictivos de reingreso: sexo masculino, puntuación MELD elevada, sodio sérico e índice de Charlson. Objetivo: Describir los motivos de ingreso e identificar los factores de riesgo asociados a reingreso precoz (a 30 días), a 60 y 90 días en una cohorte de pacientes con cirrosis hepática descompensada en el Hospital de Manises. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, longitudinal y retrospectivo de los pacientes con cirrosis hepática descompensada hospitalizados en el Hospital de Manises entre enero y diciembre de 2021. Se recogieron variables demográficas, clínicas y analíticas relativas a la hepatopatía en el ingreso y reingreso. Resultados: 82,4% varones, mediana edad: 64 años. Principal etiología de la cirrosis: alcohol (78,5%). 17 pacientes reingresaron durante el periodo de estudio: 7 en ≤30 días, 4 entre 31-60 y 2 entre 61-90. El principal motivo de reingreso fue la por descompensación hidrópica (21,6%), seguida de HDA 5,9%, la encefalopatía 3,9% y la ictericia 2%. 4 pacientes fallecieron durante el estudio (7,8%). La PBE se asoció a reingreso precoz (OR 0,18; IC 95% 0,10-0,32; p = 0,041). Conclusiones: Se observó una tasa de reingreso precoz del 19,6%. La PBE fue el único factor que se asoció a reingreso precoz.Background: Decompensated liver cirrhosis is a frequent cause of hospital readmission at 30, 60 and 90 days with a rate that reaches 31.4%, well above the 11%-14% which is the average of any other cause. Male sex, high MELD score, serum sodium and Charlson index have been identified as predictive factors for readmission. Aim: To describe the reasons for admission and to identify the risk factors associated with early readmission (at 30 days), at 60 and 90 days in a cohort of patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis at the Manises Hospital. Methods: Observational, descriptive, longitudinal and retrospective study of patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis hospitalized at the Manises Hospital between January and December 2021. Demographic, clinical and analytical variables related to liver disease were collected at admission and readmission. Results: 82.4% were male, with a median age of 64 years. The main etiology of cirrhosis was alcohol (78.5%). 17 patients were readmitted during the study period: 7 in ≤30 days, 4 between 31-60 and 2 in 61-90. The main reason for readmission was hydropic decompensation (21.6%), followed by variceal bleeding 5.9%, encephalopathy 3.9% and jaundice 2%. 4 patients died during the study (7.8%). SPB was associated with early readmission (OR 0,18; CI 95% 0,10-0,32; p = 0,041). Conclusions: A readmission rate of 19.6% was observed. SPB was the only factor associated with early readmission.Medicin

Variability testing in the wild: the Drupal case study

Variability testing techniques search for effective and manageable test suites that lead to the rapid detection of faults in systems with high variability. Evaluating the effectiveness of these techniques in realistic settings is a must, but challenging due to the lack of variability intensive systems with available code, automated tests and fault reports. In this article, we propose using the Drupal framework as a case study to evaluate variability testing techniques. First, we represent the framework variability using a feature model. Then, we report on extensive non–functional data extracted from the Drupal Git repository and the Drupal issue tracking system. Among other results, we identified 3,392 faults in single features and 160 faults triggered by the interaction of up to 4 features in Drupal v7.23. We also found positive correlations relating the number of bugs in Drupal features to their size, cyclomatic complexity, number of changes and fault history. To show the feasibility of our work, we evaluated the effectiveness of non–functional data for test case prioritization in Drupal. Results show that non–functional attributes are effective at accelerating the detection of faults, outperforming related prioritization criteria as test case similarity.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad IPT-2012-0890-390000Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad TIN2012-3227

Monitoring of Processing Conditions of an Ultrasonic Vibration-Assisted Ball-Burnishing Process

Although numerous references present the beneficial effects on surface integrity of ultrasonic vibration-assisted ball burnishing (UVABB), nothing has been reported about the dynamic behavior of the UVABB tool, workpiece, and machine triad during the process. In this paper, a dynamic monitorization through a set of 5 accelerometers is tested to analyze the interactions between the tool–workpiece–machine mechanical assembly. A UVABB tool attached to a milling machine and equipped with a piezoelectric stack that is able to assist the process with a 40-kHz vibration is tested on a milled C45 steel surface. First, the natural frequencies of the mechanical system are obtained through hammer impact tests. Then, the vibratory signals transmitted during the execution of the process are monitored and compared to those: two feed velocities and two burnishing preloads, all with and without vibration-assistance. Results show that the proposed accelerometer set is valid to assess the behavior of a UVABB process. The system’s natural frequencies are not varied by vibration-assistance and are not excited when the piezoelectric is functioning. It is confirmed that UVABB is safe for the machine and the tool, and there is no unexpected excited frequencies due to the piezoelectric excitation.Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades de España RTI2018-101653-B-I00Gobierno regional de Cataluña IU68-016744Unión Europea IU68-01674

Finite Element Analysis of Ball Burnishing on Ball-End Milled Surfaces Considering Their Original Topology and Residual Stress

Ball burnishing is a superfinishing operation whose objective is the enhancement of surface integrity of previously machined surfaces, hence its appropriateness to complement chip removal processes at the end of a production line. As a complex process involving plastic deformation, friction and three-dimensional interaction between solids, numerical solutions and finite element models have typically included a considerable amount of simplifications that represent the process partially. The aim of this paper is to develop a 3D numerical finite element model of the ball burnishing process including in the target workpiece real surface integrity descriptors resulting from a ball-end milled AISI 1038 surface. Specifically, its periodical topological features are used to generate the surface geometry and the residual stress tensor measured on a real workpiece is embedded in the target surface. Secondly, different models varying the effect of the coefficient of friction and the direction of application of burnishing passes with regards to the original milling direction are calculated. Results show that the resulting topology and residual stresses are independent of the burnishing direction. However, it is evident that the model outputs are highly influenced by the value of the coefficient of friction. A value of 0.15 should be implemented in order to obtain representative results through finite element models.Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades de España RTI2018-101653-B-I00Unión Europea IU68-01674

Reorganización del proceso de tratamiento postal en la empresa Correos de Nicaragua.

La investigación propone una nueva organización lógica del proceso de tratamiento postal y su respectiva distribución de plantas, que permita elevar los niveles de eficiencia en este segmento de la cadena operativa en la empresa Correos de Nicaragua. Se realiza un diagnóstico del nivel de productividad existente en cada línea del proceso productivo. Presenta una propuesta para la implementación de la metodología de las 5S aplicada a la planta de tratamiento postal de acuerdo al diseño propuesto

Hatchery production of the greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili)

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Ethanol induces the expression of α1(I) procollagen mRNA in a co-culture system containing a liver stellate cell-line and freshly isolated hepatocytes

AbstractTo study the fibrogenic action of ethanol in vitro we used a co-culture system of freshly isolated hepatocytes and a liver stellate cell line (CFSC-2G) developed in our laboratory. Our results show that in this co-culture system ethanol induces the expression of α1(I) procollagen mRNA in a dose- and time-dependent manner. This effect of ethanol was due to its metabolism by alcohol dehydrogenase since 4-methylpyrazole prevented the ethanol-mediated increase in α1(I) procollagen mRNA. Ethanol was more efficient than acetaldehyde in inducing α1(I) procollagen mRNA expression and its effect was protein synthesis-independent. Transfection of either hepatocytes or liver stellate cells with a reporter gene, chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT), driven by 3700bp of the mouse α1(I) procollagen promoter demonstrated that only LSC expressed significant CAT activity and that this activity was enhanced by ethanol. Overall, our results suggest that this co-culture system is a useful model to study alcohol-induced fibrogenesis in vitro and that mechanisms other than acetaldehyde formation may also play an important role in alcohol-induced fibrogenesis

Aprendizaje Lúdico en Laboratorio de Programación

Es obvio que la motivación del alumno es un factor decisivo en su aprendizaje, como lo son el interés y el gusto por la asignatura que estudia. En especial, en el caso de asignaturas que el alumno no identifica directamente con la titulación que cursa, la motivación es pobre y ello se refleja en los resultados. En este trabajo se presenta un enfoque pedagógico desarrollado por el equipo docente de la asignatura Laboratorio de Programación de la Ingeniería Técnica de Telecomunicación de la Universidad de Málaga. El enfoque, basado en el uso de juegos de ordenador, se ha demostrado muy adecuado

Multi-objective test case prioritization in highly configurable systems: A case study

Test case prioritization schedules test cases for execution in an order that attempts to accelerate the detection of faults. The order of test cases is determined by prioritization objectives such as covering code or critical components as rapidly as possible. The importance of this technique has been recognized in the context of Highly-Configurable Systems (HCSs), where the potentially huge number of configurations makes testing extremely challenging. However, current approaches for test case prioritization in HCSs suffer from two main limitations. First, the prioritization is usually driven by a single objective which neglects the potential benefits of combining multiple criteria to guide the detection of faults. Second, instead of using industry-strength case studies, evaluations are conducted using synthetic data, which provides no information about the effectiveness of different prioritization objectives. In this paper, we address both limitations by studying 63 combinations of up to three prioritization objectives in accelerating the detection of faults in the Drupal framework. Results show that non–functional properties such as the number of changes in the features are more effective than functional metrics extracted from the configuration model. Results also suggest that multi-objective prioritization typically results in faster fault detection than mono-objective prioritization.CICYT TIN2012-32273CICYT TIN2015-70560-RJunta de Andalucía P12-TIC- 186