School closures in Norway and The Netherlands during the Covid-19 pandemic - A comparative case study on policy decision making during a transboundary crisis

Masteroppgave i administrasjon og organisasjonsvitenskapAORG350MASV-AOR

Making Educational Reform: Hard Times in Detroit 1988-1995

This article examines education reform in Detroit, employing data from over 75 semi-structured elite interviews. The research explores the apparent collapse of a local education reform effort in Detroit despite broad dissatisfaction with the current education system. Both collaborative and competitive approaches to reform are investigated through a regime framework. Reformers who implemented change were removed from office and yet a business school compact, neighborhood-based empowerment schools, and schools of choice remain as a legacy. This indicates that although short-term political support for change in Detroit did collapse, some long-term institutional impact of the reform remains

Determining the predominant tautomeric structure of iodine-based group-transfer reagents by 17O NMR spectroscopy.

Cyclic benziodoxole systems have become a premier scaffold for the design of electrophilic transfer reagents. A particularly intriguing aspect is the fundamental II-IIII tautomerism about the hypervalent bond, which has led in certain cases to a surprising re-evaluation of the classic hypervalent structure. Thus, through a combination of 17O NMR spectroscopy at natural abundance with DFT calculations, we establish a convenient method to provide solution-phase structural insights for this class of ubiquitous reagents. In particular, we confirm that Shens revised, electrophilic SCF3-transfer reagent also adopts an acyclic thioperoxide tautomeric form in solution. After calibration, the approach described herein likely provides a more general and direct method to distinguish between cyclic and acyclic structural features based on a single experimental 17O NMR spectrum and a computationally-derived isotropic shift value. Furthermore, we apply this structural elucidation technique to predict the constitution of an electrophilic iodine-based cyano-transfer reagent as an NC-I-O motif and study the acid-mediated activation of Tognis trifluoromethylation reagent

Text Mining applied to Molecular Biology

This thesis describes the development of text-mining algorithms for molecular biology, in particular for DNA microarray data analysis. Concept profiles were introduced, which characterize the context in which a gene is mentioned in literature, to retrieve functional associations between genes. The method was shown to efficiently annotate DNA microarray data and complement existing methods. Concept profiles were also used for other types of concepts and were successfully applied for functional annotation of genes through automatic assignment of Gene Ontology terms to genes. A generic framework has been developed based on concept profiles, dubbed Anni (www.biosemantics.org/anni), to provide researchers with an ontology-based interface to the literature and we demonstrated its utility for literature-based knowledge discovery. Use and development of text-mining tools to identify relations between genes and to automatically annotate sets of genes resulting from ! microarray experiments. Comparing DNA microarray studies can reveal interesting parallels. However, such analyses are hampered by the large influences of design, technical and statistical factors on the found differentially expressed genes. Comparisons based on perturbed biological processes could be more robust. Concept profiles were used to reveal overlapping biological processes between microarray studies in a comparative meta- analysis of 102 muscle-related microarray studies. We demonstrated that many more biologically meaningful links could be retrieved between studies, even between studies without differentially expressed genes in common

Op naar (nóg) betere schoolinterventies: interview met Esther Mertens

Education and Child Studie

Anni 2.0: a multipurpose text-mining tool for the life sciences

Anni 2.0 provides an ontology-based interface to MEDLINE