Graphical programming system for dataflow language

Dataflow languages are languages that support the notion of data flowing from one operation to another. The flow concept gives dataflow languages the advantage of representing dataflow programs in graphical forms. This thesis presents a graphical programming system that supports the editing and simulating of dataflow programs. The system is implemented on an AT&T UnixTM PC. A high level graphical dataflow language, GDF language, is defined in this thesis. In GDF language, all the operators are represented in graphical forms. A graphical dataflow program is formed by drawing the operators and connecting the arcs in the Graphical Editor which is provided by the system. The system also supports a simulator for simulating the execution of a dataflow program. It will allow a user to discover the power of concurrency and parallel processing. Several simulation control options are offered to facilitate the debugging of dataflow programs

The Use of Response Surface Methodology to Optimize Parameter Adjustments in CNC Machine Tools

This paper mainly covers a research intended to improve the circular accuracy of CNC machine tools and the adjustment and analysis of the main controller parameters applied to improve accuracy. In this study, controller analysis software was used to detect the adjustment status of the servo parameters of the feed axis. According to the FANUC parameter manual, the parameter address, frequency, response measurements, and the one-fourth corner acceleration and deceleration measurements of the machine tools were adjusted. The experimental design (DOE) was adopted in this study for taking circular measurements and engaging in the planning and selection of important parameter data. The Minitab R15 software was adopted to predict the experimental data analysis, while the seminormal probability map, Plato, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were adopted to determine the impacts of the significant parameter factors and the interactions among them. Additionally, based on the response surface map and contour plot, the optimal values were obtained. In addition, comparison and verification were conducted through the Taguchi method, regression analysis to improved machining accuracy and efficiency. The unadjusted error was 7.8 μm; through the regression analysis method, the error was 5.8 μm and through the Taguchi analysis method, the error was 6.4 μm

Infall, Fragmentation and Outflow in Sgr B2

Observations of H$_{2}$CO lines and continuum at 1.3 mm towards Sgr B2(N) and Sgr B2(M) cores were carried out with the SMA. We imaged H$_{2}$CO line absorption against the continuum cores and the surrounding line emission clumps. The results show that the majority of the dense gas is falling into the major cores where massive stars have been formed. The filaments and clumps of the continuum and gas are detected outside of Sgr B2(N) and Sgr B2(M) cores. Both the spectra and moment analysis show the presence of outflows from Sgr B2(M) cores. The H$_{2}$CO gas in the red-shifted outflow of Sgr B2(M) appears to be excited by a non-LTE process which might be related to the shocks in the outflow.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, Published in J. Physics Conference Serie

Workstation environment for wastewater treatment design using AI and mathematical models

This research explores the use of computer-based environments to facilitate environmental engineering decision making. A prototype system is developed for wastewater treatment plant design as an exploration tool to demonstrate the techniques and principles proposed. Several mathematical techniques, interactive graphic displays, and friendly user interfaces are used. The mathematical techniques are: (1) mass and water balances for an analysis program for wastewater treatment plant design, (2) a rule-based system for sludge bulking judgment, and (3) a standard processor for checking a design against existing design standards. The interactive graphic displays provide visual data for effective data manipulation, and the friendly user interfaces are designed for engineers who are not necessarily computer experts.U.S. Department of the InteriorU.S. Geological SurveyOpe

The Rotation Temperature of Methanol in Comet 103P/Hartley 2

Considered to be relics from Solar System formation, comets may provide the vital information connecting Solar Nebula and its parent molecular cloud. Study of chemical and physical properties of comets is thus important for our better understanding of the formation of Solar System. In addition, observing organic molecules in comets may provide clues fundamental to our knowledge on the formation of prebiotically important organic molecules in interstellar space, hence, may shed light on the origin of life on the early Earth. Comet 103PIHartley 2 was fIrst discovered in 1986 and had gone through apparitions in 1991, 1997, and 2004 with an orbital period of about 6 years, before its latest return in 2010. 2010 was also a special year for Comet 103PIHartley 2 because of the NASA EPOXI comet-flyby mission

Traumatic esophageal laceration presenting as a tongue laceration

AbstractEsophageal injuries may occur spontaneously because of iatrogenic instrumental injury, foreign body impaction, or external trauma. Traumatic esophageal laceration is rare and can lead to significant morbidity such as perforation, mediastinitis, retropharyngeal abscess, or deep neck infection. Early detection of esophageal injury improves patient outcome and survival compared with a diagnosis that is delayed by more than 24 hours after rupture. We describe the case of a 45-year-old man with esophageal laceration after facial contusion and tongue laceration. Upper airway compromise is the major concern for emergency physicians. In a nonsurgical approach, close observation is needed because there is a potential risk of progression to delayed esophageal rupture. If there is clinical deterioration, repeat endoscopy or surgical intervention should be considered. Early detection of esophageal rupture in patients with minor head injuries can reduce mortality and morbidity and avoid major surgery and, in most cases, allows the esophagus to heal normally

Deep Search for Glycine Conformers in Barnard 5

One of the most fundamental hypotheses in astrochemistry and astrobiology states that crucial biotic molecules like glycine (NH$_2$CH$_2$COOH) found in meteorites and comets are inherited from early phases of star formation. Most observational searches for glycine in the interstellar medium have focused on warm, high-mass molecular cloud sources. However, recent studies suggest that it might be appropriate to shift the observational focus to cold, low-mass sources. We aim to detect glycine towards the so-called methanol hotspot in the Barnard 5 dark cloud. The hotspot is a cold source ($T_\mathrm{gas}\approx 7.5$ K) with yet high abundances of complex organic molecules (COMs) and water in the gas phase. We carried out deep, pointed observations with the Onsala 20m telescope, targeting several transitions of glycine conformers I and II (Gly-I and Gly-II) in the frequency range $70.2$-$77.9$ GHz. No glycine lines are detected towards the targeted position, but we use a line stacking procedure to derive sensitive abundance upper limits w.r.t. H$_2$ for Gly-I and Gly-II, i.e. $\leq(2$-$5)\times10^{-10}$ and $\leq(0.7$-$3)\times10^{-11}$, respectively. The obtained Gly-II upper limits are the most stringent for a cold source, while the Gly-I upper limits are mostly on the same order as previously measured limits. The measured abundances w.r.t. H$_2$ of other COMs at the B5 methanol hotspot range from $2\times10^{-10}$ (acetaldehyde) to $2\times10^{-8}$ (methanol). Hence, based on a total glycine upper limit of $(2$-$5)\times10^{-10}$, we cannot rule out that glycine is present but undetected.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figure

The Composition of Comets

This paper is the result of the International Cometary Workshop, held in Toulouse, France in April 2014, where the participants came together to assess our knowledge of comets prior to the ESA Rosetta Mission. In this paper, we look at the composition of the gas and dust from the comae of comets. With the gas, we cover the various taxonomic studies that have broken comets into groups and compare what is seen at all wavelengths. We also discuss what has been learned from mass spectrometers during flybys. A few caveats for our interpretation are discussed. With dust, much of our information comes from flybys. They include {\it in situ} analyses as well as samples returned to Earth for laboratory measurements. Remote sensing IR observations and polarimetry are also discussed. For both gas and dust, we discuss what instruments the Rosetta spacecraft and Philae lander will bring to bear to improve our understanding of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko as "ground-truth" for our previous comprehensive studies. Finally, we summarize some of the initial Rosetta Mission findings.Comment: To appear in Space Science Review

Organic Molecules in Low-Mass Protostellar Hot Cores: Submillimeter Imaging of IRAS 16293-2422

Arcsecond-resolution spectral observations toward the protobinary system IRAS 16293-2422 at 344 and 354 GHz were conducted using the Submillimeter Array. Complex organic molecules such as CH3OH and HCOOCH3 were detected. Together with the rich organic inventory revealed, it clearly indicates the existence of two, rather than one, compact hot molecular cores (smaller than or equal to 400 AU in radius) associated with each of the protobinary components identified by their dust continuum emission in the inner star-forming core.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures, to be published in ApJ

Radio Observations of Organics in Comets

A major observational challenge in cometary science is to quantify the extent to which chemical compounds can be linked to either interstellar or nebular chemistry. Recently, there have been complimentary observations from multiple facilities to try to unravel the chemical complexity of comets and their origins. Incorporating results from various techniques can gain further insight into the abundances, production rates, distributions, and formation mechanisms of molecules in these objects [I]. Such studies have provided great detail towards molecules with a-typical chemistries, such as H2CO [2]. We report multiwavelength spectral observations of comets from two dynamical families including the JFC 103P/Hartley 2 and a long period comet C/2009 PI (Garradd) with the Arizona Radio Observatory's SMT and 12-m telescopes, as well as the NRAO Greenbank telescope, and the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope. Multiple parent volatiles (e.g. HCN, CH30H, CO) as well as daughter products (e.g, CS and 01-1) have been detected in these objects. We will present a comparison of molecular abundances in these comets to those observed in others, supporting a long-term effort of building a comet taxonomy based on composition. Previous work has revealed a range of abundances of parent species (from "organics-poor" to "organics-rich") with respect to water among comets [3,4,5], however the statistics are not well constrained