L'impact de l'harmonisation de la taxe de vente du Québec sur les prix à la consommation

Rapport de recherche présenté à la Faculté des arts et des sciences en vue de l'obtention du grade de Maîtrise en sciences économiques.L'harmonisation de la taxe de vente au Québec débutant en janvier 1991 qui se terminera en janvier 2013 impliqua à ses débuts un élargissement de l'assiette taxable des biens et services mais aussi une rationalisation du processus de production en éliminant les taxes cachées de la taxe au détail, transférées aux consommateurs. Cette étude fait une analyse empirique des impacts de l'harmonisation de la taxe de vente du Québec (TVQ) sur les prix à la consommation. Nous concluons que l'impact de l'harmonisation sur les prix fut minime. L'évaluation par secteurs affectés conclue à un transfert légèrement excédentaire de la taxe et à une augmentation instantanée de l'IPC Québec de 1.07% causée par la réforme en janvier 1991. Les récentes augmentations d'un point de la TVQ en janvier 2011 et en janvier 2012 sont tous deux associées à une hausse de 0.6% de l'indice des prix à la consommation pour le Québec comparativement à sa province voisine

Democracia y sistema de partidos

En este artículo el autor analiza las condiciones que han contribuido a consolidar un sistema de partidos fuertes en un entorno de mayor competitividad política. Así, afirma que las restricciones a los nuevos partidos durante la época de la hegemonía priista no hicieron más que fortalecer a estos mismos partidos que, después de todo, lograron sobrevivir a tan hostiles circunstancias políticas. Considera también que la estabilidad del sistema político está asociada tanto a la institucionalización de los partidos -que, a su juicio, debe integrar la noción de coaliciones así como una planeación de largo plazo que permita el fortalecimiento de la vida partidaria por encima de los intereses inmediatos- como a las reglas del juego partidista.In his article, the author analyzes the conditions that have contributed to the consolidation of strong parties within an environment of greater political competivity. Thus, he affirms that the restrictions to the new parties during the time of the priista hegemony brought about the strengthening of said parties, that managed after all, to survive the hostile political circumstances. The writer considers as well that the stability of the political system is associated not only to the institutionalization of the parties -because, to his mind, it should integrate the notion of coalitions as well as a long term planning that permits the fortification of the party's life over inmediate interests- but also to the rules of the partisan game

Diversité végétale des prairies : Définition

Un dictionnaire accessible à tous. Son édition en ligne permet une consultation libre et gratuite. Sa structuration et son organisation offrent différents niveaux de lecture et en font un outil dynamique grâce aux images, aux vidéos, aux interviews d’auteur et aux infographies. Il s’agit également d’un outil évolutif qui doit permettre à d’autres acteurs et territoires de s’en emparer et de participer à son enrichissement en commentant les définitions ou en proposant d’autres termes à définir

Підручник зі слов’янського фольклору в Канаді

Рецензія на підручник: Kononenko N. Slavic Folklore: a Handbook. - Westport (Connecticut); London: Greenwood Press, 2007. - 209 pp

ADAM33, a New Candidate for Psoriasis Susceptibility

Psoriasis is a chronic skin disorder with multifactorial etiology. In a recent study, we reported results of a genome-wide scan on 46 French extended families presenting with plaque psoriasis. In addition to unambiguous linkage to the major susceptibility locus PSORS1 on Chromosome 6p21, we provided evidence for a susceptibility locus on Chromosome 20p13. To follow up this novel psoriasis susceptibility locus we used a family-based association test (FBAT) for an association scan over the 17 Mb candidate region. A total of 85 uncorrelated SNP markers located in 65 genes of the region were initially investigated in the same set of large families used for the genome wide search, which consisted of 295 nuclear families. When positive association was obtained for a SNP, candidate genes nearby were explored more in detail using a denser set of SNPs. Thus, the gene ADAM33 was found to be significantly associated with psoriasis in this family set (The best association was on a 3-SNP haplotype P = 0.00004, based on 1,000,000 permutations). This association was independent of PSORS1. ADAM33 has been previously associated with asthma, which demonstrates that immune system diseases may be controlled by common susceptibility genes with general effects on dermal inflammation and immunity. The identification of ADAM33 as a psoriasis susceptibility gene identified by positional cloning in an outbred population should provide insights into the pathogenesis and natural history of this common disease

A Multicassette Gateway Vector Set for High Throughput and Comparative Analyses in Ciona and Vertebrate Embryos

BACKGROUND: The past few years have seen a vast increase in the amount of genomic data available for a growing number of taxa, including sets of full length cDNA clones and cis-regulatory sequences. Large scale cross-species comparisons of protein function and cis-regulatory sequences may help to understand the emergence of specific traits during evolution. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: To facilitate such comparisons, we developed a Gateway compatible vector set, which can be used to systematically dissect cis-regulatory sequences, and overexpress wild type or tagged proteins in a variety of chordate systems. It was developed and first characterised in the embryos of the ascidian Ciona intestinalis, in which large scale analyses are easier to perform than in vertebrates, owing to the very efficient embryo electroporation protocol available in this organism. Its use was then extended to fish embryos and cultured mammalian cells. CONCLUSION: This versatile vector set opens the way to the mid- to large-scale comparative analyses of protein function and cis-regulatory sequences across chordate evolution. A complete user manual is provided as supplemental material

Democracia y sistema de partidos

In his article, the author analyzes the conditions that have contributed to the consolidation of strong parties within an environment of greater political competivity. Thus, he affirms that the restrictions to the new parties during the time of the priista hegemony brought about the strengthening of said parties, that managed after all, to survive the hostile political circumstances. The writer considers as well that the stability of the political system is associated not only to the institutionalization of the parties —because, to his mind, it should integrate the notion of coalitions as well as a long term planning that permits the fortification of the party’s life over immediate interests— but also to the rules of the partisan game.En este artículo el autor analiza las condiciones que han contribuido a consolidar un sistema de partidos fuertes en un entorno de mayor competitividad política. Así, afirma que las restricciones a los nuevos partidos durante la época de la hegemonía priista no hicieron más que fortalecer a estos mismos partidos que, después de todo, lograron sobrevivir a tan hostiles circunstancias políticas. Considera también que la estabilidad del sistema político está asociada tanto a la institucionalización de los partidos —que, a su juicio, debe integrar la noción de coaliciones así como una planeación de largo plazo que permita el fortalecimiento de la vida partidaria por encima de los intereses inmediatos— como a las reglas del juego partidista