A retrospective study on various methods used in second trimester MTP at KIMS hospital and research centre, Bangalore

Background: Despite the fact that majority of abortions are performed in the first trimester, 10-15% of abortions have taken place in the second trimester period globally because of delayed diagnosis of fetal anomalies and failure to recognize an undesired pregnancy in the first trimester. This study aims to describe the various methods used in inducing second trimester abortions and to analyse the efficacy and safety profile of these methods.Methods: Retrospective observational study. This study analysed case records of 30 patients who underwent second trimester abortion between the gestations of 12 and 28 weeks. All case records of patients who underwent second trimester abortion between the gestation 12 and 28 weeks from 1st January 2021 to 1st August 2021 at the department of obstetrics and Gynaecology, KIMS hospital and Research Centre, Bangalore was analysed. Dilapan-s (hygroscopic mechanical dilator), Foley’s and mifepristone for cervical ripening followed by varying doses of misoprostol are the different methods studied in this study population.Results: Most of the patients in study population belonged to the age group of 28-32 years. 60% patients underwent MTP between the gestational ages of 16-20weeks.The commonest indication for MTP was fetal anomaly.Conclusions: Mifepristone group had short induction to abortion interval but was associated with higher rates of retained placenta bits. Foleys group had the longest induction to abortion interval but reported no complications

Keterkaitan Inflasi dengan Nilai Tukar Riil : Analisis Komparatif antara Asean+3, Uni Eropa dan Amerika Utara

Inflation has always been one of the most important macroeconomic issues. Dueto this importance, a study concerning the factors associated with the behavior ofinflation needs to be done. This paper will be devoted to analyze the relevance ofinflation with the exchange rates. The research will try to compare the response orsensitivity of inflation to the changes in real exchange rates in Asia (ASEAN +3)and compare the result with those of the EU and North America.Using explorative statistical analysis and Granger-causality test, we found thatthere is a strong correlation between the movements of inflation with real exchangerate in most countries to be analyzed. For Asia, there is a significant one-waycausal relationship, where the nominal and real exchange rates have a significantimpact on the rate of inflation. On the other hand, in the Non-Asian regions, thecausal relationship seems to be in the opposite direction. Furthermore, using paneldata model with fixed effects, we found that the response or sensitivity of inflationto the changes in exchange rates in Asia is higher in compare to those in the EUand North America.Keywords: inflation, exchange rates, panel dataJEL Classification: C23, E31, E5

MAP2 (microtubule-associated protein 2)

Review on MAP2 (microtubule-associated protein 2), with data on DNA, on the protein encoded, and where the gene is implicated

Biophotonics methods for functional monitoring of complications of diabetes mellitus

The prevalence of diabetes complications is a significant public health problem with a considerable economic cost. Thus, the timely diagnosis of complications and prevention of their development will contribute to increasing the length and quality of patient life, and reducing the economic costs of their treatment. This article aims to review the current state-of-the-art biophotonics technologies used to identify the complications of diabetes mellitus and assess the quality of their treatment. Additionally, these technologies assess the structural and functional properties of biological tissues, and they include capillaroscopy, laser Doppler flowmetry and hyperspectral imaging, laser speckle contrast imaging, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and imaging, fluorescence spectroscopy and imaging, optical coherence tomography, optoacoustic imaging and confocal microscopy. Recent advances in the field of optical noninvasive diagnosis suggest a wider introduction of biophotonics technologies into clinical practice and, in particular, in diabetes care units

Novel super junction technique used in AlGaN/GaN HEMT for high power applications

In this paper, a novel super junction technique in AlGaN/GaN HEMT is proposed and analyzed. The novel super junction is capable of splitting the potential drops to two points rather than a single point in the lateral axis (channel axis). Technology Computer Aided Design (TCAD) physical simulator is used to investigate the proposed GaN HEMT. Analyses of the simulation results, shows that the breakdown voltage of proposed AlGaN/GaN HEMT with super junction is higher than that of a conventional device. Proposed device demonstrated a breakdown voltage improvement of 26%. This is due to the reduction of peak electric field using super junction and it is evidenced in the simulation. Further, the Johnson figure of merit (JFOM) is extracted. The JFOM of proposed and conventional AlGaN/GaN HEMT are 4.89 × 1012 V s ^−1 and 3.79 × 1012 V s ^−1 , respectively. The JFOM in the proposed device is improved by 23%. This improvement is mainly due to the improvement of breakdown voltage rather than cut-off frequency. Overall, the proposed device is a promising candidate for high-power applications as it can withstand higher voltages without compromising the switching-frequency

People living with HIV /AIDS (PLWHA) and HIV/AIDS associated oral lesions; a study in Malaysia

Abstract Background The continuous increase in number of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) represents a serious health and economic burden. HIV positive individuals with oral lesions have significantly lower oral health-related quality of life than HIV positive individuals without oral lesions. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) within a cohort of HIV/AIDS positive patients towards HIV/AIDS associated oral lesions. Methods Two hundred seventy patients attending a national referral hospital of infectious disease in Malaysia were recruited for the study. The study involved the administration of a validated interview-based questionnaire designed to elicit knowledge, attitude and practices of these patients towards HIV associated oral lesions. The last part of the questionnaire assessed the training provided to the patients in relation to the oral lesions associated with the disease and the effectiveness of this training. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 18. Results Thirty seven percent of patients were reported as knowledgeable, while sixty four percent reported to have positive attitude towards the care of oral hygiene. Sixty six percent of the patients reported that they would seek professional care when experiencing oral lesion. Training was reported effective for 93% patients. Conclusions Patients were non-knowledgeable in relation to oral manifestations of the disease and one third of the participating patients showed negative attitudes towards oral health care and reported various measures to manage oral lesions rather than seeking professional care. Developing effective educational methodologies can empower patients with knowledge that may translate to positive attitudes and practices.</p

Profil Antibakteri Dari Ekstrak Etanol 70% Daun Bidara Arab (Ziziphus Spina-christi) Terhadap Bakteri Propionibacterium Acnes, Staphylococcus Epdermidis Dan Staphylococcus Aureus

Ekstrak daun bidara arab telah diketahui mengandung flavonoid dan dapat berfungsi sebagai antibakteri. Secara umum, flavonoid dapat diekstrak dari tanaman menggunakan pelarut etanol 70%. Jerawat merupakan salah satu kondisi yang disebabkan oleh beberapa bakteri, di antaranya P.acnes. S.epidermis, dan S. aureus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol 70% daun bidara arab terhadap bakteri P.acnes. S.epidermis, dan S. aureus, serta komposisi kandungan kimianya. Metode maserasi digunakan untuk menghasilkan ekstrak daun bidara Arab dengan bantuan pelarut etanol 70%. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode difusi cakram. Konsentrasi ekstrak etanol 70% daun bidara arab yang digunakan untuk P. acnes 20; 25; 30; 35 dan 40%, S. epidermidis 20, 40, dan 60%, S aureus 40, 50, 60, 70 dan 80%. Keberadaan senyawa aktif dalam ekstrak etanol 70% daun bidara arab dilakukan dengan skrining fitokimia. Analisis data untuk uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan secara deskriptif berupa nilai diameter daerah hambat (DDH) yang diukur dari zona hambat yang terbentuk, sedangkan uji skrining fitokimia disesuaikan dengan acuan. Hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri terhadap ketiga jenis bakteri tersebut menghasilkan nilai DDH 8,06- 13,49 mm. Senyawa aktif yang terkandung dalam ekstrak etanol 70% daun bidara Arab berupa alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin dan tanin