The effectiveness of physical rehabilitation in the enhancement of proprioceptive and cognitive aspects on Alzheimer disease patients.

Based on the Alzheimer Disease (AD) prevention and slowing down, this study has shown interest in evaluating the effects of Global Postural Re-education (GPR) on the cognitiveness of individuals with AD. OBJECTIVE: It is important to verify that by modifying and improving postural attitudes, a better concentration of cognitions in older people is achieved, increases self-awareness and proprioception. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This research study is based on an experimental design where participated 135 subjects with AD. It lasted 6 months, with pre-post tests executed before and after the period of treatment. RESULTS: The therapy had a significant effect on the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Quality of life in AD (QoL-AD), Barthel Index (BI), Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) and Tinetti Scale scores (TS) compared to the ones of group factor. In the findings of post-hoc analysis it was observed: the improvement of treatment variables, MMSE scores, GDS, QoL -AD and BI (p corrected by Bonferroni <0.005 in all cases). Nonetheless, the improvement was also observed from the first month of therapy in TS scores and NPI (p corrected by Bonferroni <0.005 in all cases). CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the validity of the GPR proposal on the cognitiveness of individuals with AD.Actividad Física y DeporteMedicinaTerapia y Rehabilitació

The effectiveness of mézières therapy in the athletes with low back pain: the case study of national rhythmic gymnastics team of Murcia

Introduction: The Mézières is a postural therapy which consists in improving anatomical postures and mitigation until disappearances of muscular contractures while reducing back pain through the most important muscle recovery by positively contributing in the individuals balance. The combination of this therapy with rhythmic gymnastics results very interesting by demonstrating the balance of posture and training, the modification of exercise type and tries to contribute in the achievement rates for competitions. Methodology:The experimental study was conducted on 35 young athletes of National Rhythmic Gymnastics who train five days per week with a duration of three hours per each session from 50 athletes in total in Sports Palace during a two months period (from 15 November 2016 to 15 January 2017) in the city of Murcia. Precisely, the Mézières therapy was conducted in an experimental group of 20 athletes (from 15 to 30 years old) while other additional data were received from the control group consisted in 15 girls (from 8 to 14 years old) after signing the informed consent from the athletes and their families. The above mentioned therapy was conducted for 2 consecutive months with two weekly individual sessions for each athlete with duration of 30 minutes. The postural evaluation of athletes was done through a meter tape in order to measure the elasticity and muscles tone, the pain scale-VAS while the gymnastics evaluation plan was handled on three dimensions including the dance height and the movement’s amplitude. Results: From the realization of pre and post-tests regarding the performance of Mézières therapy it was observed in 15/20 athletes: a reduction of VAS (pain scale) with a minimum of 2 grades; an improvement in the height of the jump by 3 cm; a visible palpable contractures reduction; a postural improvement; a backpack angles improvement; an increase muscles elasticity in lower posterior limbs and the realization of a movement amplitude with 20 additional degrees. Discussion:The rhythmic gymnastics is a sport that is practiced on the examined athletes by at least 10 years considering that the smaller accession gymnastics age is 5 years old. While their training is very tough and rigorous as each year the achievement rates are revised by requiring the examination of different sportive recovery and adaptation methods. Conclusions: Consequently for all these reasons the implementation of Mézières therapy in National rhythmic gymnasts of Murcia results fruitful almost being that they emerged sixth in the national competition during last year which confirms that their level of professionalism is very high and a positive prospective can be handled through the exercise of the proposed therapy

Myokines as mediators of exercise-induced cognitive changes in older adults: protocol for a comprehensive living systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundThe world’s population is aging, but life expectancy has risen more than healthy life expectancy (HALE). With respect to brain and cognition, the prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders increases with age, affecting health and quality of life, and imposing significant healthcare costs. Although the effects of physical exercise on cognition in advanced age have been widely explored, in-depth fundamental knowledge of the underlying mechanisms of the exercise-induced cognitive improvements is lacking. Recent research suggests that myokines, factors released into the blood circulation by contracting skeletal muscle, may play a role in mediating the beneficial effect of exercise on cognition. Our goal in this ongoing (living) review is to continuously map the rapidly accumulating knowledge on pathways between acute or chronic exercise-induced myokines and cognitive domains enhanced by exercise.MethodRandomized controlled studies will be systematically collected at baseline and every 6 months for at least 5 years. Literature search will be performed online in PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, SportDiscus, LILACS, IBECS, CINAHL, SCOPUS, ICTRP, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Risk of bias will be assessed using the Revised Cochrane Risk of Bias tool (ROB 2). A random effects meta-analysis with mediation analysis using meta-analytic structural equation modeling (MASEM) will be performed. The primary research question is to what extent exercise-induced myokines serve as mediators of cognitive function. Secondarily, the pooled effect size of specific exercise characteristics (e.g., mode of exercise) or specific older adults’ populations (e.g., cognitively impaired) on the relationship between exercise, myokines, and cognition will be assessed. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023416996).DiscussionUnderstanding the triad relationship between exercise, myokines and cognition will expand the knowledge on multiple integrated network systems communicating between skeletal muscles and other organs such as the brain, thus mediating the beneficial effects of exercise on health and performance. It may also have practical implications, e.g., if a certain myokine is found to be a mediator between exercise and cognition, the optimal exercise characteristics for inducing this myokine can be prescribed. The living review is expected to improve our state of knowledge and refine exercise regimes for enhancing cognitive functioning in diverse older adults’ populations.RegistrationSystematic review and meta-analysis protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) on the 24th of April 2023 (registration number CRD42023416996)

The effectiveness of physical rehabilitation in the enhancement of proprioceptive and cognitive aspects on Alzheimer disease patients.

Based on the Alzheimer Disease (AD) prevention and slowing down, this study has shown interest in evaluating the effects of Global Postural Re-education (GPR) on the cognitiveness of individuals with AD. OBJECTIVE: It is important to verify that by modifying and improving postural attitudes, a better concentration of cognitions in older people is achieved, increases self-awareness and proprioception. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This research study is based on an experimental design where participated 135 subjects with AD. It lasted 6 months, with pre-post tests executed before and after the period of treatment. RESULTS: The therapy had a significant effect on the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Quality of life in AD (QoL-AD), Barthel Index (BI), Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) and Tinetti Scale scores (TS) compared to the ones of group factor. In the findings of post-hoc analysis it was observed: the improvement of treatment variables, MMSE scores, GDS, QoL -AD and BI (p corrected by Bonferroni <0.005 in all cases). Nonetheless, the improvement was also observed from the first month of therapy in TS scores and NPI (p corrected by Bonferroni <0.005 in all cases). CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the validity of the GPR proposal on the cognitiveness of individuals with AD.Actividad Física y DeporteMedicinaTerapia y Rehabilitació

Myokines as mediators of exercise-induced cognitive changes in older adults: protocol for a comprehensive living systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: The world's population is aging, but life expectancy has risen more than healthy life expectancy (HALE). With respect to brain and cognition, the prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders increases with age, affecting health and quality of life, and imposing significant healthcare costs. Although the effects of physical exercise on cognition in advanced age have been widely explored, in-depth fundamental knowledge of the underlying mechanisms of the exercise-induced cognitive improvements is lacking. Recent research suggests that myokines, factors released into the blood circulation by contracting skeletal muscle, may play a role in mediating the beneficial effect of exercise on cognition. Our goal in this ongoing (living) review is to continuously map the rapidly accumulating knowledge on pathways between acute or chronic exercise-induced myokines and cognitive domains enhanced by exercise.Method: Randomized controlled studies will be systematically collected at baseline and every 6 months for at least 5 years. Literature search will be performed online in PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, SportDiscus, LILACS, IBECS, CINAHL, SCOPUS, ICTRP, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Risk of bias will be assessed using the Revised Cochrane Risk of Bias tool (ROB 2). A random effects meta-analysis with mediation analysis using meta-analytic structural equation modeling (MASEM) will be performed. The primary research question is to what extent exercise-induced myokines serve as mediators of cognitive function. Secondarily, the pooled effect size of specific exercise characteristics (e.g., mode of exercise) or specific older adults' populations (e.g., cognitively impaired) on the relationship between exercise, myokines, and cognition will be assessed. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023416996).Discussion: Understanding the triad relationship between exercise, myokines and cognition will expand the knowledge on multiple integrated network systems communicating between skeletal muscles and other organs such as the brain, thus mediating the beneficial effects of exercise on health and performance. It may also have practical implications, e.g., if a certain myokine is found to be a mediator between exercise and cognition, the optimal exercise characteristics for inducing this myokine can be prescribed. The living review is expected to improve our state of knowledge and refine exercise regimes for enhancing cognitive functioning in diverse older adults' populations.Registration: Systematic review and meta-analysis protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) on the 24th of April 2023 (registration number CRD42023416996)