22 research outputs found

    THE GENDER-SPECIFIC NOUNS DENOTING PROFESSION/ROLE: THE MACEDONIAN CASE

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    Resting only upon projects, manuals, reports, and recommendations, so far, the ongoing gender-neutral language debate has not attracted broader research attention in the Macedonian language. Therefore, this qualitative study aims to provide thorough information on the Macedonian gender-specific nouns denoting profession/role by analyzing their entries in the current online Macedonian Dictionary and some documents, using the general inductive approach. Indicating that the singular/plural masculine generic nouns designating profession/role in one of their meanings refer to both sexes, the research results underpin the consequences of this usage, revealing the natural/grammatical gender collision, which latently contributes to women’s invisibility in society in general. The findings further suggest that some feminine derivations, which still have not been widely embraced due to the traditional values, and which perhaps sound slightly strange and even a bit humorous, do not depreciate women, and their usage should be endorsed and strongly encouraged

    CHOICE AND FORMULATION OF THE TOPIC IN THE FIVE-PARAGRAPH ESSAY AND QUALITY OF THE STUDENTS’ WRITTEN EXPRESSION IN RM

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    The aim of the paper is to examine whether the teachers contribute to the quality of the essay through teaching for the choice and formulation of the topic (in the secondary and higher education). Then, it examines whether the students have the required competencies to determine and formulate a topic for their essays, and offers a model which will guide the students toward the right choice and formulation of the topic and contribute the quality of the essay. The research has qualitative (content analysis) and quantitative paradigm as well as descriptive design. The sample comprises of 100 students that study at the Faculty of Education in Bitola and 100 students’ written assignments. The survey serves as an instrument for collecting the data for the students’ opinions regarding whether the teachers teach the students on how to determine and formulate the topic. The students’ written assignments serve for collecting data for the students’ competencies to determine and formulate the topic, before and after the teaching. The used methods are analysis, synthesis and comparison. The results from the research are overthrowing. The teacher in the secondary and the higher education do not teach on the choice and formulation of the topic. The students are not capable to choose and formulate the topic, thus the introduction of the model indicates its justification and shows increase in the students’ competencies. This leads to the quality of the written expression

    The Macedonian Language in Regard to Covid-19

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    The new disease that appears in December 2019 affects all spheres of people’s everyday living and functioning. Bearing in mind that language reflects social phenomena and that lexicon is the most flexible language segment, new words and phrases inevitably enter the lexicon on a daily basis. These novelties generate new problems not only in the lexicon but in other language segments as well. Thus, this paper addresses the new words which emerge from the disease presence as well as the problems caused by their occurrence and use, in regard to the Macedonian orthography, morphology, syntax and lexicology. This is a qualitative research that has a descriptive design, and the corpus consists of numerous articles issued in electronic newspapers. Analysis and synthesis are the methods used for processing the data and reaching conclusions. The research results indicate that the Macedonian language lexicon undoubtedly is enriched with new words. However, this extension in the lexicon has plenty of orthographic, morphological and syntactic implications related to the Macedonian language norm

    Аналитичкиот ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊ Π²ΠΎ новинарскиот потстил Π½Π° макСдонскиот стандардСн jΠ°Π·ΠΈΠΊ

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    The subject of the paper is the analytical predicate in the modern Macedonian language. The aim of is to show the synsemantic verbs and the nouns in the structure of the analytical predicate and the most frequent models of analytical predicate in the journalistic sub-style. Further, the aim is to explore whether each analytical predicate regarding the semantic point of view is equal to a full meaning predicate, and to show the role of the context regarding the semantic of the information given with an analytical predicate or its full meaning equivalent. The research has qualitative paradigm and a descriptive design. The sample consists of excerpts of various electronic sources in the RM, published in 2017 and 2018. The research exploits analysis, synthesis and comparison. The research shows numerous synsemantic verbs and nouns that are part of the analytical predicate. Further, it shows that mostly there is a full meaning verb equivalent for the analytical predicate, and that large number of the full meaning equivalents of the analytical predicate has the base of the noun that is part of it in their root. The research indicates that for each analytical predicate an appropriate full meaning equivalent could not be fΠΎund, and stresses the role of the context. Depending on the context, the meaning of the analytical predicate and its semantic equivalent may be comprehended in a different way. It is obvious that the analytical predicate, in some cases, could be a phraseological expression, and a base for derivation of neologisms. Β ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ Π½Π° ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΡƒΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅ Π²ΠΎ овој Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄ Π΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠΈΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊ Π²ΠΎ макСдонскиот стандардСн јазик. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ‚Π° Π΅ Π΄Π° сС ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ синсСмантичнитС Π³Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΡˆΡ‚ΠΎ Π²Π»Π΅Π³ΡƒΠ²Π°Π°Ρ‚ Π²ΠΎ состав Π½Π° Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠΈΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ Π½Π°Ρ˜Ρ‡Π΅ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π½Π° Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊ Π²ΠΎ новинарскиот потстил, Π΄Π° сС испита Π΄Π°Π»ΠΈ сСкој Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊ ΠΎΠ΄ сСмантичка Π³Π»Π΅Π΄Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ€Π° Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ Π³Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ», ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΈ Π΄Π° сС ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡƒΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ‚Π° Π½Π° контСкстот Π²ΠΎ однос Π½Π° сСмантиката Π½Π° ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π°Π΄Π΅Π½Π° со Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ со ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ Π΅ΠΊΠ²ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‚. Π˜ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΡƒΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ° ΠΊΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Π° ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΌΠ° ΠΈ дСскриптивСн дизајн. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΡ‚ Π³ΠΎ сочинуваат СксцСрпти ΠΎΠ΄ Π³ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ Π±Ρ€ΠΎΡ˜ СлСктронски ΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈ Π²ΠΎ РМ, ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΡƒΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈ Π²ΠΎ 2017 ΠΈ 2018 Π³. Π’ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΡƒΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎ сС ΡƒΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ²Π°Π°Ρ‚ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°, синтСза ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°. Π˜ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΡƒΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΆΡƒΠ²Π° Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ° Π²ΠΎ макСдонскиот јазик ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ˜Π°Ρ‚ Π³ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ Π±Ρ€ΠΎΡ˜ синсСмантични Π³Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡˆΡ‚ΠΎ сС Ρ˜Π°Π²ΡƒΠ²Π°Π°Ρ‚ Π²ΠΎ ΡƒΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π° Π½Π° Π΄Π΅Π» ΠΎΠ΄ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠΈΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊ, Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ° Π²ΠΎ најголСм Π±Ρ€ΠΎΡ˜ случаи постои соодвСтСн ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ Π΅ΠΊΠ²ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‚ Π½Π° Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠΈΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ° најголСм Π±Ρ€ΠΎΡ˜ ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π΅ΠΊΠ²ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈ Π½Π° Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠΈΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊ ја ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π°Ρ‚ основата Π½Π° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π° ΡˆΡ‚ΠΎ Π²Π»Π΅Π³ΡƒΠ²Π° Π²ΠΎ Π½ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΎΡ‚ состав. Π˜ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΡƒΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎ, исто Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠ°, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΆΡƒΠ²Π° ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ° Π·Π° сСкој Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊ Π½Π΅ постои соодвСтСн ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ Π΅ΠΊΠ²ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‚ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ° контСкстот ΠΈΠΌΠ° Π³ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΈ дистинктивна ΡƒΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π°, односно Π²ΠΎ зависност ΠΎΠ΄ контСкстот, ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°Ρ‚Π° Π²ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° со Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠΈΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ со Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΎΡ‚ сСмантички Π΅ΠΊΠ²ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‚ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π° сС Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΊΡƒΠ²Π° Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½. Од ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΡƒΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎ сС соглСдува ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°, Π²ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΈ случаи, Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠΈΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π° Π΅ Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π·Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Ρ€Π°Π·, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΈ основа Π·Π° создавањС Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΈ

    The Features of the Macedonian Standard Language in the Journalistic Sub Style (Columns)

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    The main function of the language is to serve as the most sophisticated means for mutual understanding among people. It is a phenomenon tightly connected with the society and the culture. As they grow, develop and change, the language also changes in order to satisfy the need of its speakers. The language culture is, in fact, part of every individual’s common culture. It refers to the correct use and implementation of the standard language norm in every sphere of one’s living and functioning, including the articles in the journalistic sub style which should keep and promote this norm. Thus, the aim of the paper is to present the features of the Macedonian standard language in the newspaper columns, and determine whether the language used in them deviates from the already established language features of the journalistic sub style and from the language norm as well. The research has a qualitative paradigm and descriptive design. The sample consists of columns that are published in the Republic of North Macedonia. Analysis, synthesis and comparison are the methods used for processing the data and gaining conclusions. The research reveals that the language features and the deviations from the norm in the columns are identical to the ones already determined in the previous researches of the journalistic sub style

    АсиндСтонскитС Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠ· Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ стилови Π½Π° макСдонскиот стандардСн јазик

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    In the Macedonian standard language, there are compound sentences that do not have a conjunction or conjunction means between the part-sentences, i.e. there is no information about the relation between the part-sentences (coordination or subordination), as well as information for the type of the compound sentence. The syntactic synonymy contributes the determination of the relation between the part-sentences in the compound asyndeton sentence (the part-sentences can be placed in relation of coordination or subordination), yet the type of the compound asyndeton sentence cannot be determined, because the presence of certain conjunction and conjunction means indicates various types of compound asyndeton sentence. Thus, the research’s aim, through analysis of certain asyndeton compound sentences, is to show that the syntactic synonymy has limitations on the semantic of these sentences, i.e. not all sentences that are a result of the syntactic synonymy are equally semantically acceptable, regarding the standard language norm.Β  Β The research has qualitative paradigm (content analysis) and descriptive design. The sample consists of three sentences that belong to three various functional styles in the Macedonian language. The sentence are analyzed regarding their possibility to be connected with conjunctions or conjunction means and to form possible syntactic and semantically correct sentences. Synthesis and comparison are methods for processing the data and making inferences. Β The results from the research confirm that the syntactic synonymy has limitations regarding the semantic of the sentences, and these limitations differ depending on the functional style that the compound asyndeton sentence belongs to. Therefore, the need to introduce the asyndeton compound sentences as sub group compound sentences in the already existed types of compound sentences arises. For ex., independent compound copulative asyndeton sentences, independent compound adversative asyndeton sentences etc.Π’ΠΎ стандардниот макСдонски јазик ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ˜Π°Ρ‚ слоТСни бСсврзнички Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈ, Π²ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π°Π΄ΠΈ отсуството Π½Π° сврзник ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ сврзувачко срСдство ΠΌΠ΅Ρ“Ρƒ Π΄Π΅Π»-Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, отсуствува ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°Ρ‚Π° Π·Π° односот ΠΌΠ΅Ρ“Ρƒ Π΄Π΅Π»-Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ (ΠΊΠΎΠΎΡ€Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡƒΠ±ΠΎΡ€Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°), ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°Ρ‚Π° Π·Π° Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ‚ Π½Π° слоТСната Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ†Π°. Бинтаксичката синонимија придонСсува Π΄Π° сС ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ односот ΠΌΠ΅Ρ“Ρƒ Π΄Π΅Π»-Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π²ΠΎ слоТСната бСсврзничка Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ†Π° (Π΄Π΅Π»-Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π° сС постават Π²ΠΎ однос Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΎΡ€Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π° ΠΈ ΡΡƒΠ±ΠΎΡ€Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°), Π½ΠΎ, сСпак, Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π° сС ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ‚ Π½Π° слоТСната бСсврзничка Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ†Π°, Π·Π°ΡˆΡ‚ΠΎ присуството Π½Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Π»Π½ΠΈ сврзници ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ сврзувачки срСдства ΡƒΠΊΠ°ΠΆΡƒΠ²Π° Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏ слоТСна Π±Π΅Π·Π²Ρ€Π·Π½ΠΈΡ‡ΠΊΠ° Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ†Π°. ΠžΡ‚Ρ‚ΡƒΠΊΠ°, ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΡƒΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ° Π·Π° Ρ†Π΅Π», ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΊΡƒ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π½Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Π»Π½ΠΈ бСсврзнички Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈ, Π΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ° синтаксичката синонимија ΠΈΠΌΠ° ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡ΡƒΠ²Π°ΡšΠ° Π½Π° сСмантички ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½, односно Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ° ситС Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈ ΡˆΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π° сС Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ˜Π°Ρ‚ со синтаксичката синонимија Π½Π΅ сС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ„Π°Ρ‚Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ Π³Π»Π΅Π΄Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ° Π½Π° стандардната Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ° Π½Π° сСмантички ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½. Π˜ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΡƒΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ° ΠΊΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Π° ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΌΠ° (Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π½Π° содрТина) ΠΈ дСскриптивСн дизајн. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΡ‚ Π³ΠΎ прСтставуваат Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ слоТСни бСсврзнички Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈ, ΡˆΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΏΠ°Ρ“Π°Π°Ρ‚ Π½Π° Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½ΠΈ стилови. Π Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ сС Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€Π°Π°Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ΄ Π³Π»Π΅Π΄Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ° Π½Π° Π½ΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° моТност Π·Π° ΡΠΏΠΎΡ˜ΡƒΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅ со Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈ сврзници ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ сврзувачки срСдства. Од ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΡƒΡˆΡ‚Π΅ сС користат синтСза ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°.Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΡƒΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π²Ρ€Π΄ΡƒΠ²Π°Π°Ρ‚ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ° синтаксичката синонимија ΠΈΠΌΠ° ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡ΡƒΠ²Π°ΡšΠ° Π½Π° сСмантички ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ ΠΊΠΎΠΈ сС Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΠΊΡƒΠ²Π°Π°Ρ‚ Π²ΠΎ зависност ΠΎΠ΄ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½ΠΈΠΎΡ‚ стил Π½Π° кој ΠΌΡƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΏΠ°Ρ“Π° слоТСната бСсврзничка Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ†Π°. ΠžΡ‚Ρ‚ΡƒΠΊΠ°, ΠΏΠ°ΠΊ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π»Π΅Π³ΡƒΠ²Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±Π°Ρ‚Π°, Π²Ρ€Π· основа Π½Π° односот ΠΌΠ΅Ρ“Ρƒ Π΄Π΅Π»-Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, ΡˆΡ‚ΠΎ ќС сС констатира ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎ Π½Π°Ρ˜Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΡ˜Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π½, асиндСтонскитС Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈ Π΄Π° сС Π²ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‚ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠ° слоТСни Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈ Π²ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ˜Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΈ слоТСни Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈ, Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, нСзависнослоТСни составни асиндСтонски Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈ, нСзависнослоТСни спротивни асиндСтонски Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈ ΠΈ сл

    ПРИРОКОВ Π’Πž НАБВАВНАВА ΠŸΠ ΠžΠ“Π ΠΠœΠ И Π’Πž Π£Π§Π•Π‘ΠΠ˜Π¦Π˜Π’Π• ПО ΠœΠΠšΠ•Π”ΠžΠΠ‘ΠšΠ˜ ΠˆΠΠ—Π˜Πš Π’Πž ΠžΠ‘ΠΠžΠ’ΠΠžΠ’Πž И Π‘Π Π•Π”ΠΠžΠ’Πž ΠžΠ‘Π ΠΠ—ΠžΠ’ΠΠΠ˜Π• Π’Πž РМ

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    The predicate is a constitutive part of the sentence and, as such, it is critical for successful syntactic analysis of sentences. Taking into account everyday practice of higher education, it is clear that students have difficulties determining the predicate in sentences. The goal of this paper is clear, it is to examine the causes for the widespread insufficient competency to determine the predicate in sentences in students of higher education. The research has a qualitative paradigm (content analysis). It analyses the Macedonian language-teaching curriculum and textbooks (sample) regarding the predicate in the primary and secondary education in the Republic of Macedonia. It also has a quantitative paradigm, fot it analyses the thoughts and attitudes of 200 students (from all the regions in Macedonia) (sample) which attend the courses of Modern Macedonian language and courses of the Syntax of the Macedonian language in the Faculty of Education in Bitola. The methods for processing the data and gaining conclusions are analysis, comparison and synthesis. The results show that the Macedonian language curriculum and textbooks are the causes for the students’ insufficient competencies to determine the predicate in a given sentence. The concepts of simple and complex verb predicates and simple and complex predicates that require complement are introduced too late, in the third year of the secondary education (vocational and gymnasium), and they are often explained incorrectly. These finding are confirmed by the survey of students, which shows that most of the students cannot determine the predicate in the sentence, and this refers especially to the complex predicates that require complement. Therefore, students cannot make correct syntactic analysis of sentences. According to the students, the elementary and secondary school’s teachers pay a great attention to literature and neglect grammar.ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΡ‚ Π΅ основСн конститутивСн Ρ‡Π»Π΅Π½ Π½Π° Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ†Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π½ΠΎ ΡƒΡΠ²ΠΎΡ˜ΡƒΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅ Π²ΠΎ наставниот процСс зависи ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚Π° Π½Π° синтаксичката Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π½Π° Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ†Π°Ρ‚Π°. Ако сС ΠΈΠΌΠ° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ΄ Π½Π°ΡˆΠ°Ρ‚Π° сСкојднСвна наставна ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π²ΠΎ високото ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, која ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΆΡƒΠ²Π° Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ° Π²ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ†Π°Ρ‚Π° Π½Π°Ρ˜Ρ‚Π΅ΡˆΠΊΠΎ сС ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΡ‚, Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Π°Ρˆ станува јасна ΠΈ Ρ†Π΅Π»Ρ‚Π° Π½Π° Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΡ‚, Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠ° Π΅ Π΄Π° сС испитаат ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π·Π° Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ синтаксички ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° студСнтитС Π²ΠΎ однос Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΡ‚ Π²ΠΎ високото ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π˜ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΡƒΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ°: ΠΊΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Π° ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΌΠ°, односно сС Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€Π°Π°Ρ‚ Наставната ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ° ΠΈ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π±Π½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ МакСдонски јазик Π·Π° основно ΠΈ срСдно ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, (ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΊ), ΠΎΠ΄ Π³Π»Π΅Π΄Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ° Π½Π° ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΡˆΡ‚ΠΎ Π²ΠΎ Π½ΠΈΠ² сС застапСни Π·Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΡ‚; ΠΊΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Π° ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΌΠ°, односно сС Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€Π°Π°Ρ‚ ставовитС ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠΈΡΠ»ΡƒΠ²Π°ΡšΠ°Ρ‚Π° Π½Π° 200 студСнти ΠΎΠ΄ ситС Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π½Π° МакСдонија, (ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΊ), ΠΊΠΎΠΈ Π³ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡƒΡˆΠ°Π°Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π‘ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ макСдонски јазик ΠΈ Бинтакса Π½Π° макСдонскиот јазик Π½Π° ΠŸΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΡˆΠΊΠΈΠΎΡ‚ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡƒΠ»Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚ Π²ΠΎ Π‘ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ»Π°. Од ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π·Π° ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΡƒΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅ Π½Π° Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΎΡ†ΠΈ сС користат Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π° ΠΈ синтСза. Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΡƒΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΆΡƒΠ²Π°Π°Ρ‚ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ° Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΌΡƒ Π²ΠΎ Наставната ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ° ΠΈ Π²ΠΎ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π±Π½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ МакСдонски јазик сС Π½Π°ΠΎΡ“Π°Π°Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Π·Π° Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ синтаксички ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° студСнтитС, Π²ΠΎ однос Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΡ‚, Π·Π°ΡˆΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π΅ прост ΠΈ слоТСн глаголски ΠΈ прост ΠΈ слоТСн глаголско-имСнски ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊ сС Π²ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄ΡƒΠ²Π°Π°Ρ‚ Π΄ΡƒΡ€ΠΈ Π²ΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚Π° Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΎΠ΄ срСдното ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ (стручно ΠΈ гимназиско) ΠΈ Π·Π°ΡˆΡ‚ΠΎ Π½ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ˜Π°ΡΠ½ΡƒΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅ Π΅ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³Ρƒ ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΎ. ОвиС Π½Π°ΠΎΡ“Π°ΡšΠ° сС ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π²Ρ€Π΄ΡƒΠ²Π°Π°Ρ‚ со Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄ студСнтската Π°Π½ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Π° која ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΆΡƒΠ²Π° Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ° Π½Π°Ρ˜Π³ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΎΡ‚ Π±Ρ€ΠΎΡ˜ студСнти Π½Π΅ Π·Π½Π°Π°Ρ‚ Π΄Π° Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΡ‚ Π²ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ†Π°Ρ‚Π°, ΡˆΡ‚ΠΎ, особСно сС однСсува Π½Π° слоТСниот глаголско-имСнски, ΠΏΠ°, ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‚ΡƒΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ Π΄Π° Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π½Π° синтаксичка Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π½Π° Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ†Π°Ρ‚Π°. Π‘ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π΅Π΄ студСнтитС, наставницитС Π²ΠΎ основно ΠΈ срСдно ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠΎ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΡƒ посвСтуваат Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€Π°Ρ‡Ρ˜Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎ Π›ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π° ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎ Π³ΠΎ Π·Π°Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡƒΠ²Π°Π°Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€Π°Ρ‡Ρ˜Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎ Π“Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ°

    The Macedonian Language in Regard to Covid-19

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    The new disease that appears in December 2019 affects all spheres of people’s everyday living and functioning. Bearing in mind that language reflects social phenomena and that lexicon is the most flexible language segment, new words and phrases inevitably enter the lexicon on a daily basis. These novelties generate new problems not only in the lexicon but in other language segments as well. Thus, this paper addresses the new words which emerge from the disease presence as well as the problems caused by their occurrence and use, in regard to the Macedonian orthography, morphology, syntax and lexicology. This is a qualitative research that has a descriptive design, and the corpus consists of numerous articles issued in electronic newspapers. Analysis and synthesis are the methods used for processing the data and reaching conclusions. The research results indicate that the Macedonian language lexicon undoubtedly is enriched with new words. However, this extension in the lexicon has plenty of orthographic, morphological and syntactic implications related to the Macedonian language norm

    ЛСксички срСдства Π·Π° ΠΈΠ·Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅ Π½Π° модалноста Π²ΠΎ макСдонскиот стандардСн јазик

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    This paper aims to indentify the lexical means for expressing modality which are used in the press in the Macedonian language, their function and specific features. The research is a descriptive one and the data are collected from a large number of journalistic articles from electronic newspapers in the Republic of North Macedonia. The sample consists of 10 000 results searched on Google. The analysis of the data takes into account Halliday’s (1994) functional systemic analysis which connects the modality with the interpersonal function of the language which points out the speaker’s stance toward the content of the proposition, as well as Fowler’s (1994) attitude that the editors and journalists use textual strategies to foreground the speech acts that express values and beliefs. The research results show that in the journalistic discourse in the Macedonian language there are plenty of lexical means for expressing modality as in other languages. The results suggest that the journalistic articles function not only to inform the reader but also to direct him to certain point of view through the use of the appropriate modal lexical means.Oвој Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄ ΠΈΠΌΠ° Π·Π° Ρ†Π΅Π» Π΄Π° Π³ΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΡƒΠ²Π° лСксичкитС срСдства Π·Π° ΠΈΠ·Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅ Π½Π° модалноста ΡˆΡ‚ΠΎ сС ΡƒΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ²Π°Π°Ρ‚ Π²ΠΎ макСдонскиот јазик Π²ΠΎ новинарскиот дискурс, Π½ΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡ˜Π° ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ особСности. Π˜ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΡƒΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΅ описно, Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ сС собрани ΠΎΠ΄ Π³ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ Π±Ρ€ΠΎΡ˜ новинарски статии ΠΎΠ΄ СлСктронски вСсници Π²ΠΎ Π Π΅ΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅Ρ€Π½Π° МакСдонија. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΡ‚ Π³ΠΎ сочинуваат 10 000 Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π±Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠ²Π°Ρ‡ΠΎΡ‚ Π“ΡƒΠ³Π»  (β€žGoogleβ€œ). Π’ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π° Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ сС ΠΏΠΎΠ°Ρ“Π° ΠΎΠ΄ систСмската Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π½Π° Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π½Π° Π₯алидСј (Halliday, 1994) ΡˆΡ‚ΠΎ ја ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π·ΡƒΠ²Π° модалноста со интСрпСрсоналната Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡ˜Π° Π½Π° Ρ˜Π°Π·ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡ‚ ΠΈ Π³ΠΎ нагласува ставот Π½Π° Π·Π±ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠ²Π°Ρ‡ΠΎΡ‚ Π²ΠΎ однос Π½Π° вистинитоста Π½Π° исказот, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ ставот Π½Π° Π€Π°ΡƒΠ»Π΅Ρ€ (Fowler, 1994) Π·Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΠ° Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΡƒΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΡƒΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ²Π°Π°Ρ‚ тСкстуални стратСгии Π·Π° Π΄Π° сС нагласат Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ со ΠΊΠΎΠΈ сС ΠΈΠ·Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠ²Π°Π°Ρ‚ врСдности ΠΈ Π²Π΅Ρ€ΡƒΠ²Π°ΡšΠ°. Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΡƒΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΆΡƒΠ²Π°Π°Ρ‚ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ Ρ˜Π°Π·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈ, ΠΈ Π²ΠΎ макСдонскиот јазик Π²ΠΎ Ρ˜Π°Π·ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡ‚ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΈΠΌΠ° Π³ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ Π±Ρ€ΠΎΡ˜ лСксички срСдства Π·Π° ΠΈΠ·Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅ Π½Π° модалноста. Од Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ сС Π³Π»Π΅Π΄Π° ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ° новинарскитС статии Π½Π΅ само ΡˆΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€Π°Π°Ρ‚ Ρ‚ΡƒΠΊΡƒ ΠΈ Π³ΠΎ насочуваат Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ ΠΎΠ΄Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° Π³Π»Π΅Π΄Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΊΡƒ ΡƒΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±Π°Ρ‚Π° Π½Π° соодвСтни ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π°Π»Π½ΠΈ лСксички срСдства

    Π’Π’ΠžΠ ΠžΠ’Πž Π ΠΠœΠΠ˜Π¨Π’Π• НА Π‘Π›ΠžΠ–Π•ΠΠžΠ‘Π’ КАЈ ΠœΠ£Π›Π’Π˜ΠŸΠ›Π˜ΠšΠΠ’Π˜Π’ΠΠ˜Π’Π• Π‘Π›ΠžΠ–Π•ΠΠ˜ Π‘Π•ΠœΠΠΠ’Π•ΠœΠ˜ ΠžΠ” ΠŸΠ Π’ Π‘Π’Π•ΠŸΠ•Π Π’Πž ΠœΠΠšΠ•Π”ΠžΠΠ‘ΠšΠ˜ΠžΠ’ ΠˆΠΠ—Π˜Πš

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    The paper presents models of multiplicative first level semantemes from second class of complexity and determines the formal indicators of these structures for expressing multiplicative aspect configuration. The relevant feature of multiplicative aspect configuration – event/situation comprehension as a moment is stressed out, as well as the mutual relations between these semantemes with the habitual and telic aspect configuration which are connected with polysemy of the semantemes as a result of the context role, real or assumed.Π’ΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΡ‚ сС прСтставуваат ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΌΡƒΠ»Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈ слоТСни сСмантСми ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΡ€Π² стСпСн ΠΎΠ΄ Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡˆΡ‚Π΅ Π½Π° слоТСност ΠΈ сС ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡƒΠ²Π°Π°Ρ‚ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Π»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ структури Π·Π° ΠΈΠ·Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΌΡƒΠ»Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° видска ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°. АкцСнтот Π΅ ставСн Π½Π° Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Π°Ρ‚Π° особСност Π½Π° ΠΌΡƒΠ»Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° видска ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π° – ΡΡ„Π°ΡœΠ°ΡšΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π° настанот/ΡΠΈΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚, Π½Π° мСѓусСбнитС Ρ€Π΅Π»Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ сСмантСми со Ρ…Π°Π±ΠΈΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΈ со Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π°Ρ‚Π° видска ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΈ сС ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π·Π°Π½ΠΈ со ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡœΠ΅Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚Π° Π½Π° сСмантСмата ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ Π½Π° ΡƒΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ‚Π° Π½Π° Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»Π½ΠΈΠΎΡ‚ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ прСтпоставСниот контСкс
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