Host plant of anastrepha pulchra (Diptera: Tephritidae) in central amazon, brazilmistaken identity resolved

Pouteria oblanceolata, the true natural host of Anastrepha pulchra, is reported in the state of Amazon, Brazil. Parasitoids attacking A. pulchra are also reported. Comments on a previous erroneous identification of the host plant of A. pulchra are also included. Copyright © 2011 BioOne All rights reserved

INFLUÊNCIA DOS PARÂMETROS BIOMÉTRICOS DE FRUTOS DE Spondias mombin L. SOBRE OS ÍNDICES DE INFESTAÇÃO POR Anastrepha spp. (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) E PARASITISMO

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of biometric parameters of fruits of Spondias mombin L. on the level of infestation by Anastrepha spp. (Diptera Tephritidae) and parasitism. The variables studied were weight, length, and the fruit diameter. Collections were carried out in the urban areas of Macapá and Santana, in the state of Amapá. We collected 30 samples of hog plum, each sample consisting of 20 fruit from a single plant (each result corresponding to a sub-sample), totaling 600 sampling units. The sampled fruit were picked up at random from the canopy and newly fallen fruit. The results indicated that both the infestation and parasitism were related to fruit weight, suggesting a preference for fruit whose biometric characteristics (weight, diameter, and length) were not extreme (either very large or very small). The preference of Anastrepha spp. for medium sized fruit may be related to their survival strategy. Larvae infesting small fruit can be more easily parasitized and, conversely, larger fruit can serve as an oviposition site for other females, increasing the potential for competition for space and food. Thus medium sized fruit can show higher rates of infestation and therefore higher parasitism rates.Keywords: Anastrepha; host; hog plum; Amazon; fruit flies.O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a influência de parâmetros biométricos de frutos de Spondias mombin L. sobre os índices de infestação por Anastrepha spp. (Diptera Tephritidae) e parasitismo. As variáveis estudadas foram peso, comprimento e diâmetro dos frutos. As áreas de coleta foram as zonas urbanas dos municípios de Macapá e Santana, estado do Amapá. Foram coletadas 30 amostras de taperebá, cada uma composta por 20 frutos de uma única planta (cada fruto correspondendo a uma sub-amostra), totalizando 600 unidades amostrais. Os frutos foram coletados aleatoriamente da copa da planta e recém-caídos. Os resultados indicaram que tanto a infestação quanto o parasitismo concentraram-se em frutos de peso médio, cujas características biométricas (peso, diâmetro e comprimento) não eram extremas (frutos muito grandes ou muito pequenos). A preferência de Anastrepha spp. por frutos de tamanho médio pode estar relacionada à sua estratégia de sobrevivência. Larvas que infestam frutos pequenos podem ser mais facilmente parasitadas e, de modo inverso, frutos maiores podem servir de sítio de oviposição para outras fêmeas, aumentando o potencial de competição por espaço e alimento.Palavras-chave: Anastrepha, hospedeiro, taperebá, Amazônia, moscas-das-frutas

Moscas-das-frutas (Diptera: Tephritidae) em um pomar de goiabeira, no semiárido Brasileiro

Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are key pests of guava Psidium guajava L. crops, with different dominant species according to the Brazilian growth region The objectives of this study were to determine the fruit fly diversity and submit the results of flies captured in guava orchard from the municipality of Cruzeta, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazilian semiarid to the faunistic analysis. Fruit flies were collected weekly with McPhail traps using protein hydrolisate at 5% v/v. Five species were recorded in the orchard: Ceratitis capitata (Wied.), Anastrepha zenildae Zucchi, Anastrepha sororcula Zucchi, Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart) and Anastrepha dissimilis Stone. Ceratitis capitata was the most frequent, constant, and dominant species and could be considered an invasive species with potential to become pest on guava orchards in the Brazilian semiarid

Relevant genetic differentiation among Brazilian populations of Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera, Tephritidae)

We used a population genetic approach to detect the presence of genetic diversity among six populations of A. fraterculus across Brazil. To this aim, we used Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers, which may capture the presence of differentiative processes across the genome in distinct populations. Spatial analyses of molecular variance were used to identify groups of populations that are both genetically and geographically homogeneous while also being maximally differentiated from each other. The spatial analysis of genetic diversity indicates that the levels of diversity among the six populations vary significantly on an eco-geographical basis. Particularly, altitude seems to represent a differentiating adaptation, as the main genetic differentiation is detected between the two populations present at higher altitudes and the other four populations at sea level. The data, together with the outcomes from different cluster analyses, identify a genetic diversity pattern that overlaps with the distribution of the known morphotypes in the Brazilian area.Fil: Manni, Mosè. Università degli Studi di Pavia; ItaliaFil: Lima, Kátia Manuela. Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz; BrasilFil: Rosalba Guglielmino, Carmela. Università degli Studi di Pavia; ItaliaFil: Lanzavecchia, Silvia Beatriz. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. Centro de Investigación de Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Genética; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Juri, Marianela Lucia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. Centro de Investigación de Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Genética; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Vera, Maria Teresa. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Cladera, Jorge. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. Centro de Investigación de Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Genética; ArgentinaFil: Scolari, Francesca. Università degli Studi di Pavia; ItaliaFil: Gomulski, Ludvik. Università degli Studi di Pavia; ItaliaFil: Bonizzoni, Mariangela. Università degli Studi di Pavia; ItaliaFil: Gasperi, Giuliano. Università degli Studi di Pavia; ItaliaFil: Gomes Silva, Janisete. Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz; BrasilFil: Malacrida, Anna Rodolfa. Università degli Studi di Pavia; Itali

Natural host plants and native parasitoids associated with Anastrepha pulchra and other Anastrepha species (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Central Amazon, Brazil

A natural host (Mouriri collocarpa) and a parasitoid (Doryctobracon areolatus) for Anastrepha pulchra are reported for the first time in Brazil. We report new hosts for Anastrepha atrigona and Anastrepha bahiensis in the Brazilian Amazon. Parasititoids attacking A. atrigona, Anastrepha coronilli, and A. pulchra are reported

Moscas-das-frutas (Diptera: Tephritidae) em um pomar de goiabeira, no semiárido brasileiro

As moscas-das-frutas (Diptera: Tephritidae) são pragas-chave na cultura da goiabeira Psidium guajava L., com predominância de diferentes espécies de acordo com a região produtora no Brasil. Os objetivos do presente trabalho foram conhecer a diversidade e analisar parâmetros faunísticos das moscas-das-frutas obtidas em um pomar de goiabeira, no município de Cruzeta, Rio Grande do Norte, situado no semiárido brasileiro. As moscas-das-frutas foram coletadas semanalmente, com auxílio de armadilhas McPhail, tendo como atrativo proteína hidrolisada a 5% v/v. Foram registradas cinco espécies no pomar estudado: Ceratitis capitata (Wied.), Anastrepha zenildae Zucchi, Anastrepha sororcula Zucchi, Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart) e Anastrepha dissimilis Stone. Ceratitis capitata foi a espécie mais frequente, constante e dominante, considerada como uma praga invasiva, potencial em pomares de goiabeira no semiárido brasileiro

Primeiro levantamento de mosca das frutas (Diptera: Tephritidae) e diversidade de parasitoides entre frutos de myrtaceae em todo o Estado da Bahia, Brasil

The objective of this study was to evaluate the diversity of fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) species that use myrtaceous fruit, particularly guava, as hosts in several localities in the state of Bahia and to determine the infestation rates, pupal viability rates, and fruit fly-parasitoid associations. Sampling of myrtaceous fruit was carried out in 24 municipalities in different regions in the state of Bahia. Four fruit fly species, Anastrepha fraterculus, Anastrepha zenildae, Anastrepha sororcula, and Ceratitis capitata were obtained from the collected fruit. Three parasitoid species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) emerged from Anastrepha larvae/pupae, Doryctobracon areolatus, Utetes anastrephae, and Asobara anastrephae. Doryctobracon areolatus emerged from A. fraterculus, A. sororcula and A. zenildae; Utetes anastrephae emerged from A. fraterculus and A. zenildae; and Asobara anastrephae emerged from A. fraterculus. Fruit fly and myrtaceous fruit associations are reported for the first time in several municipalities in the state of Bahia. A. zenildae was found infesting Syzygium malaccense for the first time in Brazil

Contribution of cytogenetics to the debate on the Paraphyly of Pachycondyla spp. (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Ponerinae)

O artigo não contém o mês para citação, além de não conter palavra chave e resumo em português.We present evidence of the paraphyly of the ant genus Pachycondyla resulting from our cytogenetic studies on 29 populations in 18 species from Brazil and French Guyana. It is likely that karyotypes with a large number of chromosomes and comprising mostly small acrocentric chromosomes in species within the Pachycondyla stricto sensu group resulted from a succession of centric fission events. On the other hand, karyotypes with a small chromosome number comprising mostly metacentric chromosomes are also interpreted as little derived and tend to undergo centric fission. The karyotypes of the group Neoponera are more heterogeneous and probably undergo successive cycles of rearrangements tending to increase the chromosome number by centric fission. The apicalis and verenae complexes form two probable sister groups that evolved independently due to centric fissions (verenae) and pericentric inversions (apicalis). Our results reveal the karyotype diversity in the genus and reinforce the hypothesis on the paraphyly of Pachycondyla

Egg morphology of Anastrepha spp. (Diptera: Tephritidae) in the fraterculus group using scanning electron microscopy

We describe detailed scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observations of eggs of six Anastrepha species in the fraterculus group: Anastrepha antunesi Lima, Anastrepha bahiensis Lima, Anastrepha coronilli Carrejo & González, Anastrepha distincta Greene, Anastrepha turpiniae Stone, and Anastrepha zenildae Zucchi, for the first time. Eggs were dissected from females captured in McPhail traps in Cariri in the state of Tocantins; Itacoatiara, Manaus, and Presidente Figueiredo in the state of Amazonas; and Porto Velho in the state of Rondánia, in the Brazilian Amazon. Eggs were examined using both scanning electron and optical microscopes. At least 10 eggs were examined for each species by using SEM, and 20-35 eggs per female of at least three females of each species were prepared for light microscopy. The eggs of all six species are similar in gross morphology. They are tapered at both ends, have a papilla at the anterior pole, and the micropyle is located on the dorsal side near the anterior pole. Diagnostic characters to differentiate among these six species include the chorion ornamentation, location of aeropyles, and a pronounced rim of the chorion with a woolly appearance surrounding the micropyle. None of the eggs of the studied species had a conspicuous respiratory appendage. © 2011 Entomological Society of America