Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Preliminary studies on the acute toxicity, anti-edematogenic and analgesic activities of 3,4-dihydro-2-phenyl-6-para-fluorophenyl-4-oxo-pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile

A toxicidade aguda e as atividades anti-edematogênica e anti-nociceptiva da 3,4-diidro-2-fenil- 6-para-flúor-fenil-4-oxo-pirimidina-5-carbonitrila (PFP) foram avaliadas em roedores. A DL50 da PFP, determinada por via intraperitoneal, foi estimada em 329,4 mg.kg-1 A PFP na dose de 32,9 mg.kg-1 . reduziu o edema de pata induzido por carragenina decorridas quatro e cinco horas (respectivamente, 57,1 ± 14,0 e 55,6 ± 19,4 %, p -1 , a PFP reduziu o nú- mero de contorções abdominais em relação ao grupo não-tratado (inibição de 71,4 ( 8,5 %, p50, determined by intraperitoneal administration, was evaluated in 329.4 mg.kg-1 . The animals which received the experimental drug in the 32.9 mg.kg-1 dose showed reduction in the paw edema four and five hours after the administration (57.1 ± 14.0 and 55.6 ± 19.4 %, respectively, p -1 dose, the PFP reduced the number of contortions, when compared to the control group (71.4 ± 8.5 %, p < 0.05). In this way, it is possible to conclude that PFP has anti-edematogenic and analgesic activities through paw rat edema and number of abdominal cortortions models, respectively.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Synthesis of 1,2,3-Triazole Derivatives and &lt;em&gt;in Vitro&lt;/em&gt; Antifungal Evaluation on &lt;em&gt;Candida&lt;/em&gt; Strains

1,2,3-Triazoles have been extensively studied as compounds possessing important biological activities. In this work, we describe the synthesis of ten 2-(1-aryl-1&lt;em&gt;H&lt;/em&gt;-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)propan-2-ols via copper catalyzed azide alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc or &lt;em&gt;click chemistry&lt;/em&gt;). Next the&lt;em&gt; in vitro&lt;/em&gt; antifungal activity of these ten compounds was evaluated using the microdilution broth method against 42 isolates of four different &lt;em&gt;Candida&lt;/em&gt; species. Among all tested compounds, the halogen substituted triazole 2-[1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1&lt;em&gt;H&lt;/em&gt;-(1,2,3)triazol-4-yl]propan-2-ol, revealed the best antifungal profile, showing that further modifications could be done in the structure to obtain a better drug candidate in the future

Comparative Computational Studies of 3,4-Dihydro-2,6-diaryl- 4-oxo-pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile Derivatives as Potential Antinociceptive Agents

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