A tropical proof of the Brill-Noether Theorem

We produce Brill-Noether general graphs in every genus, confirming a conjecture of Baker and giving a new proof of the Brill-Noether Theorem, due to Griffiths and Harris, over any algebraically closed field.Comment: 17 pages, 5 figures; v3: added a new Section 3, detailing how the classical Brill-Noether theorem for algebraic curves follows from Theorem 1.1. Update references, minor expository improvement

Greg J. Hansen v. Julie Ann Kik, fka Hansen : Brief of Appellant

APPEAL FROM THE AMENDED ORDER ON ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE AND JUDGMENT ENTERED BY THE SIXTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT COURT FOR THE COUNTY OF SANPETE IN THE STATE OF UTAH THE HONORABLE PAUL LYMAN PRESIDIN

The role of reactive oxygen species in antibiotic-induced cell death in Burkholderia cepacia complex bacteria

It was recently proposed that bactericidal antibiotics, besides through specific drug-target interactions, kill bacteria by a common mechanism involving the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, this mechanism involving the production of hydroxyl radicals has become the subject of a lot of debate. Since the contribution of ROS to antibiotic mediated killing most likely depends on the conditions, differences in experimental procedures are expected to be at the basis of the conflicting results. In the present study different methods (ROS specific stainings, gene-expression analyses, electron paramagnetic resonance, genetic and phenotypic experiments, detection of protein carbonylation and DNA oxidation) to measure the production of ROS upon antibiotic treatment in Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) bacteria were compared. Different classes of antibiotics (tobramycin, ciprofloxacin, meropenem) were included, and both planktonic and biofilm cultures were studied. Our results indicate that some of the methods investigated were not sensitive enough to measure antibiotic induced production of ROS, including the spectrophotometric detection of protein carbonylation. Secondly, other methods were found to be useful only in specific conditions. For example, an increase in the expression of OxyR was measured in Burkholderia cenocepacia K56-2 after treatment with ciprofloxacin or meropenem (both in biofilms and planktonic cultures) but not after treatment with tobramycin. In addition results vary with the experimental conditions and the species tested. Nevertheless our data strongly suggest that ROS contribute to antibiotic mediated killing in Bcc species and that enhancing ROS production or interfering with the protection against ROS may form a novel strategy to improve antibiotic treatment

Accurate and efficient algorithms for boundary element methods in electromagnetic scattering: a tribute to the work of F. Olyslager

Boundary element methods (BEMs) are an increasingly popular approach to model electromagnetic scattering both by perfect conductors and dielectric objects. Several mathematical, numerical, and computational techniques pullulated from the research into BEMs, enhancing its efficiency and applicability. In designing a viable implementation of the BEM, both theoretical and practical aspects need to be taken into account. Theoretical aspects include the choice of an integral equation for the sought after current densities on the geometry's boundaries and the choice of a discretization strategy (i.e. a finite element space) for this equation. Practical aspects include efficient algorithms to execute the multiplication of the system matrix by a test vector (such as a fast multipole method) and the parallelization of this multiplication algorithm that allows the distribution of the computation and communication requirements between multiple computational nodes. In honor of our former colleague and mentor, F. Olyslager, an overview of the BEMs for large and complex EM problems developed within the Electromagnetics Group at Ghent University is presented. Recent results that ramified from F. Olyslager's scientific endeavors are included in the survey

EGFR Inhibition in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Resistance, Once Again, Rears Its Ugly Head

Most patients with non-small cell lung cancer who initially respond to gefitinib or erlotinib (tyrosine kinase inhibitors) ultimately develop resistance and disease relapse. What is the mechanism for this resistance

Forty years of neuromuscular monitoring and postoperative residual curarisation : a meta-analysis and evaluation of confidence in network meta-analysis

Funding: Willy Gepts (Univeristair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium).Peer reviewedPostprin

Zit de nieuwe Steve Jobs in de klas? Naar een betekenisvol stimuleren van ondernemingszin in het basisonderwijs

In this paper, an artificial immune system (AIS) algorithm for the resource availability cost problem (RACP) is presented, in which the total cost of the (unlimited) renewable resources required to complete the project by a pre-specified project deadline should be minimized. The AIS algorithm makes use of mechanisms inspired by the vertebrate immune system and includes different algorithmic components, such as a new fitness function, a probability function for the composition of the capacity lists, and a K-means density function in order to avoid premature convergence. All components are explained in detail and computational results for the RACP are presented

Recent advances in boundary element methods applied to conducting and dielectric electromagnetic scattering problems

Boundary element methods (BEMs) are an increasingly popular approach to the modeling of electromagnetic scattering both by perfect conductors and dielectric objects. Several mathematical, numerical, and computational techniques pullu-lated from the research into BEMs, enhancing its efficiency. The Fast Multipole Method (FMM) and its descendants accelerate the matrix-vector product that constitutes the BEM's computational bottleneck. In particular, dedicated FMMs have been conceived for the computation of the electromagnetic scattering at complex metallic and/or dielectric objects in free space and in layered background media. Caldero n preconditioning of the BEM's system matrix lowers the number of matrix-vector products required to reach an accurate solution, and thus the time to reach it. Parallelization distributes the remaining workload over a battery of affordable computational nodes, diminishing the wall-clock computation time. In honor of our former colleague and mentor, Prof. F. Olyslager, an overview of some dedicated BEMs for large and complex EM problems developed within the Electromagnetics Group at Ghent University is presented. Recent results that ramified from Prof. Olyslager's scientific endeavors are included in the survey