Protective effect of Harmine on kidney disorders induced by nicotine in male mice

Introduction: Harmine is one of the Harmal-deived alkaloids with anti-proliferatory effect on cell lines. Nicotine is a major toxic component of cigarette smoke and it is a major risk factor in the development of functional disorder of several organ systems. Nicotine from tobacco products is absorbed into the blood across the lungs,  nasal and buccal mucosa. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of Harmine and Nicotine on the weight of kidney and number of glumeruli and glomerular diameter, kidney tissue and serum levels of nitric oxide, BUN, Creatinine and TAC in mice. Methods and Results: In this study, 48 male Mice were divided in to 8 groups: control, nicotine–treated group (2.5 mg/kg/day); harmine-treated groups (5,10, 15 mg/kg./day); and nicotine and harmine treated group intraperitoneal administration for successive 14 days. These mice were randomly assigned to 8 groups(n=6). After 24 hours animal were killed , the kidney was sampled: tissue sections were prepared and examined by light microscope. weight of kidney  and number of glumeruli and glomerular diameter and serum levels of nitric oxide, BUN, Creatinine and TAC (Total antioxidant capacity) were analyzed (one-way ANOVA). Then data were P<0.05 was considered significant. The results indicate that nicotine administration significantly increased BUN, creatinine and nitric oxide levels compared to saline group (P<0/05). Harmine   (10, 15 mg/kg./day) significantly decreased BUN, creatinine and nitric oxide levels  compared to control group and nicotine group (p<0.05). Nicotine treatment significantly increased glomerular diameter compared to control group (p<0.05). as well as, nicotine administration significantly decreased TAC levels compared to saline group (P<0/05). Histopathology of the kidney confirmed the changes induced by nicotine and the renal protection effect of harmine. Conclusions: It seems that harmine administration could improve kidney changes and prevented nicotine-induced adverse effects on serum levels of nitric oxide, BUN and Creatinine and Total antioxidant capacity

An elegant technology for ultrasensitive impedimetric and voltammetric determination of cholestanol based on a novel molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor

In this work, a novel molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor (MIES) has been fabricated based on electropolymerization of a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) onto a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with gold-palladium alloy nanoparticles (AuPd NPs)/polydopamine film (PDA)/multiwalled carbon nanotubes-chitosan- ionic liquid (MWCNTs-CS-IL) for voltammetric and impedimetric determination of cholestanol (CHO). Modifications applied to the bare GCE formed an excellent biocompatible composite film which was able to selectively detect CHO molecules. Modifications applied to the bare GCE were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (SEM). Under optimal experimental conditions, the sensor was able to detect CHO in the range of 0.1-60 pM and 1-50 pM by EIS and DPV, respectively. Moreover, the sensor showed high sensitivity, selectivity, repeatability, reproducibility, low interference and good stability towards CHO determination. Our records confirmed that the sensor was successfully able to the analysis real samples for determination of CHO

The first attempt on fabrication of a nano-biosensing platform and exploiting first-order advantage from impedimetric data: application to simultaneous biosensing of doxorubicin, daunorubicin and idarubicin

In this work, for the first time, we have developed a novel and very interesting electroanalytical methodology assisted by first-order multivariate calibration (MVC) for simultaneous determination of doxorubicin (DX), daunorubicin (DN) and idarubicin (ID) as three chemotherapeutic drugs at simulated physiological conditions. A sever overlapping was observed among signals of the three drugs which hindered us for simultaneous determination of them by conventional electroanalytical techniques. Therefore, we had to assist our method by chemometric approaches to develop a novel method for simultaneous determination of DX, DN and ID. Among the existing electroanalytical methods, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) due to its high sensitivity was chosen. After individual calibration of the three drugs with the EIS data, a set of calibration samples was designed which was used to develop several first-order MVC models by partial least squares (PLS), continuum power regression (CPR), radial basis function-partial least squares (RBF-PLS), RBF-artificial neural network (RBF-ANN) and least squares-support vector machines (LS-SVM) as linear and non-linear chemometric algorithms. Then, performance of the developed MVC models in predicting concentrations of DX, DN and ID in synthetic samples was compared to choose the best model for the analysis of real samples. Our records confirmed more superiority of RBF-PLS algorithm than the other developed models which motivated us to choose it for the analysis of real samples. Fortunately, the results of the RBF-PLS in the analysis of real samples towards simultaneous determination DX, DN and ID was acceptable.Fil: Soleimani, Shokoufeh. Kermanshah University Of Medical Sciences; IránFil: Arkan, Elham. Kermanshah University Of Medical Sciences; IránFil: Farshadnia, Tooraj. Kermanshah University Of Medical Sciences; IránFil: Mahnam, Zahra. Kermanshah University Of Medical Sciences; IránFil: Jalili, Faramarz. Kermanshah University Of Medical Sciences; IránFil: Goicoechea, Hector Casimiro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas. Laboratorio de Desarrollo Analítico y Quimiometría; ArgentinaFil: Jalalvand, Ali R.. Kermanshah University Of Medical Sciences; Irá

A novel and intelligent molecularly imprinted enzymatic biosensor for biosensing of human serum albumin in the presence of gamma-globulin, and glucose as uncalibrated interference

Human serum albumin (HSA) is not electroactive, because the electroactive amino acids have been buried in its structure. Therefore, direct electrochemical determination of the HSA as the most abundant protein in human plasma cannot be performed. In this work, a novel electrochemical biosensor has been developed based on synthesis of dual templates molecularly imprinted polymers (DTMIPs) having trypsin (TRP) and HSA as template molecules onto the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with graphene-ionic liquid (Gr-IL). By incubation of the biosensor with TRP, and HSA, tryptic hydrolysis of the HSA is occurred which breaks the HSA down into free amino acids. The HSA involves five electroactive amino acids including cysteine, tryptophan, tyrosine, methionine and histidine whose differential normal pulse voltammetric (DNPV) responses are overlapped and generated a single peak. In order to increase the sensitivity of the DTMIP/Gr-IL/GCE for determination of the HSA, hydrodynamic DNPV (HDNPV) data were generated, and used for analytical purposes. The second-order HDNPV data were generated at different pulse amplitudes and used to develop four second-order calibration models by multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares (MCR-ALS), parallel factor analysis2 (PARAFAC2), multi-way partial least squares/residual bilinearization (N-PLS/RBL), and unfolded partial least squares/residual bilinearization (U-PLS/RBL) to select the best procedure for determination of the HSA in the presence of gamma-globulin and glucose as uncalibrated interferences. The results confirmed the best performance for the biosensor assisted by MCR-ALS for ultrasensitive and selective determination of the HSA in both synthetic and real matrices which was comparable with HPLC-UV as a reference method

A novel and intelligent chemometric-electrochemical-enzymatic biosensing procedure and mimicking a clinical condition environment to trick the red blood cells for counting them under physiological conditions: A new connection among chemometry, electrochemistry and hematology

Here, a novel electrochemical biosensing procedure has been developed for determination of the number of red blood cells (RBCs) under physiochemical conditions based on chemometric modeling of hydrodynamic differential pulse voltammetric (HDPV), and amperometric data as responses of a modified edge plane pyrolytic graphite electrode (EPPGE). In order to obtain a good sensitivity from the EPPGE, its surface was modified with a thin layer of multiwalled carbon nanotubes-ionic liquid (MWCNTs-IL). Catalase (CAT) was immobilized onto the surface of MWCNTs-IL/EPPGE with help of nafion. The response of the biosensor was based on electrochemical reduction of oxygen of the blood samples which was enhanced by a trick based on addition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to blood samples which can be reduced by the CAT to produce extra oxygen. Prior to experiments, the solution in electrochemical cell was bubbled with pure N2 to purge the oxygen in the solution, but in order to increase the selectivity of the biosensor towards detection of the oxygen obtained from the red blood cells, voltammetric responses of the biosensor were modeled by multivariate chemometric calibration methods with the help of radial basis function-partial least squares (RBF-PLS), least squares-support vector machines (LS-SVM), recursive weighted partial least squares (rPLS), ant colony optimization-mathematical pre-processing selection by genetic algorithm-sample selection through a distance-based procedure-partial least squares-1 (ACO-GA-SS-PLS1), and radial basis function-artificial neural networks (RBF-ANN) to select the best method for determination of the number of the RBCs. The results confirmed the amperometric methods modeled by RBF-ANN showed the best performance for supporting the biosensor in determination of the number of the RBCs with a performance which had an excellent compatibility with the results of a hemocytometer. The results of this study as the newest application of chemometric-electrochemical methods can make a strong connection among electrochemists, chemometricians and hematologists to expand their collaborations on determination of blood factors

Réseau d'antennes à fentes circulaires à polarisation circulaire utilisant un réseau d'alimentation à rotation séquentielle

International audienceThis paper presents the design, simulation, and measurement of two low-cost broadband circularly polarized (CP) printed antennas: a single element and an array at C band. The proposed single element antenna is excited by an L-shaped strip with a tapered end, located along the circular-slot diagonal line in the back plane. From the array experimental results, the 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth can reach as large as 1900 MHz which covers the 4.7 GHz to 6.6 GHz frequency band. In addition, the measured impedance bandwidth for reflection coefficient of less than-10 dB has the bandwidth with the frequency range from 4.2 GHz to 8 GHz (C Band application). The CP element achieves a bandwidth of 16.6% for an axial ratio less than 3 dB. The proposed antenna array can provide a peak gain of about 8.7 dBic at 5.9 GHz. Acceptable agreements between the simulation and measured results validates the proposed design.Cet article présente la conception, la simulation et la mesure de deux antennes imprimées à polarisation circulaire (CP) à large bande à faible coût : un élément unique et un réseau en bande C. L'antenne à élément unique proposée est excitée par une bande en forme de L avec une extrémité effilée, située le long de la ligne diagonale à fente circulaire dans le plan arrière. D'après les résultats expérimentaux du réseau, la bande passante de rapport axial de 3 dB peut atteindre 1900 MHz, ce qui couvre la bande de fréquences de 4,7 GHz à 6,6 GHz. De plus, la bande passante d'impédance mesurée pour un coefficient de réflexion inférieur à -10 dB a la bande passante avec la plage de fréquences de 4,2 GHz à 8 GHz (application en bande C). L'élément CP atteint une bande passante de 16,6% pour un rapport axial inférieur à 3 dB. Le réseau d'antennes proposé peut fournir un gain de crête d'environ 8,7 dBic à 5,9 GHz. Des accords acceptables entre la simulation et les résultats mesurés valident la conception proposée

Réseau d'antennes à fentes circulaires à polarisation circulaire utilisant un réseau d'alimentation à rotation séquentielle

International audienceThis paper presents the design, simulation, and measurement of two low-cost broadband circularly polarized (CP) printed antennas: a single element and an array at C band. The proposed single element antenna is excited by an L-shaped strip with a tapered end, located along the circular-slot diagonal line in the back plane. From the array experimental results, the 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth can reach as large as 1900 MHz which covers the 4.7 GHz to 6.6 GHz frequency band. In addition, the measured impedance bandwidth for reflection coefficient of less than-10 dB has the bandwidth with the frequency range from 4.2 GHz to 8 GHz (C Band application). The CP element achieves a bandwidth of 16.6% for an axial ratio less than 3 dB. The proposed antenna array can provide a peak gain of about 8.7 dBic at 5.9 GHz. Acceptable agreements between the simulation and measured results validates the proposed design.Cet article présente la conception, la simulation et la mesure de deux antennes imprimées à polarisation circulaire (CP) à large bande à faible coût : un élément unique et un réseau en bande C. L'antenne à élément unique proposée est excitée par une bande en forme de L avec une extrémité effilée, située le long de la ligne diagonale à fente circulaire dans le plan arrière. D'après les résultats expérimentaux du réseau, la bande passante de rapport axial de 3 dB peut atteindre 1900 MHz, ce qui couvre la bande de fréquences de 4,7 GHz à 6,6 GHz. De plus, la bande passante d'impédance mesurée pour un coefficient de réflexion inférieur à -10 dB a la bande passante avec la plage de fréquences de 4,2 GHz à 8 GHz (application en bande C). L'élément CP atteint une bande passante de 16,6% pour un rapport axial inférieur à 3 dB. Le réseau d'antennes proposé peut fournir un gain de crête d'environ 8,7 dBic à 5,9 GHz. Des accords acceptables entre la simulation et les résultats mesurés valident la conception proposée