2,121 research outputs found
Racing through the swampland: de Sitter uplift vs weak gravity
We observe that racetrack models for moduli stabilization are in tension with
strong forms of the Weak Gravity Conjecture (WGC). Moreover, recently, it was
noted that controlled KKLT-type de Sitter vacua seem to require a racetrack
fine-tuning of the type introduced by Kallosh and Linde. We combine these
observations and conclude that the quests for realizing parametrically large
axion decay constants and controlled de Sitter vacua are intimately related.
Finally, we discuss possible approaches to curing the conflict between the
racetrack scheme and the WGC.Comment: 5 page
The Algebraic Intersection Type Unification Problem
The algebraic intersection type unification problem is an important component
in proof search related to several natural decision problems in intersection
type systems. It is unknown and remains open whether the algebraic intersection
type unification problem is decidable. We give the first nontrivial lower bound
for the problem by showing (our main result) that it is exponential time hard.
Furthermore, we show that this holds even under rank 1 solutions (substitutions
whose codomains are restricted to contain rank 1 types). In addition, we
provide a fixed-parameter intractability result for intersection type matching
(one-sided unification), which is known to be NP-complete.
We place the algebraic intersection type unification problem in the context
of unification theory. The equational theory of intersection types can be
presented as an algebraic theory with an ACI (associative, commutative, and
idempotent) operator (intersection type) combined with distributivity
properties with respect to a second operator (function type). Although the
problem is algebraically natural and interesting, it appears to occupy a
hitherto unstudied place in the theory of unification, and our investigation of
the problem suggests that new methods are required to understand the problem.
Thus, for the lower bound proof, we were not able to reduce from known results
in ACI-unification theory and use game-theoretic methods for two-player tiling
games
On uplifts by warped anti-D3-branes
In this note we outline the arguments against the ten-dimensional consistency
of the simplest types of KKLT de Sitter vacua, as given in arXiv:1707.08678. We
comment on parametrization proposals within four-dimensional supergravity and
express our disagreement with the recent criticism by the authors of
arXiv:1808.09428.Comment: Latex, revtex, 4 pages, 1 figure, v2: references added, minor
clarification
Towards Axion Monodromy Inflation with Warped KK-Modes
We present a particularly simple model of axion monodromy: Our axion is the
lowest-lying KK-mode of the RR-2-form-potential in the standard
Klebanov-Strassler throat. One can think of this inflaton candidate as being
defined by the integral of over the cycle of the throat. It obtains
an exponentially small mass from the IR-region in which the shrinks to
zero size both with respect to the Planck scale and the mass scale of local
modes of the throat. Crucially, the cycle has to be shared between two
throats, such that the second locus where the shrinks is also in a warped
region. Well-known problems like the potentially dangerous back-reaction of
brane/antibrane pairs and explicit supersymmetry breaking are not present in
our scenario. However, the inflaton back-reaction starts to deform the geometry
strongly once the field excursion approaches the Planck scale. We derive the
system of differential equations required to treat this effect quantitatively.
Numerical work is required to decide whether back-reaction makes the model
suitable for realistic inflation. While we have to leave this crucial issue to
future studies, we find it interesting that such a simple and explicit stringy
monodromy model allows an originally sub-Planckian axion to go through many
periods with full quantitative control before back-reaction becomes strong.
Also, the mere existence of our ultra-light throat mode (with double
exponentially suppressed mass) is noteworthy.Comment: 28 pages, 3 figures; v2: references added; v3: Corrected an
underestimate of supergravity back-reaction in Eq. (36); results changed
accordingly; added section 6 which develops the methodology for the 10d
non-linear back-reaction; added reference
Using Inhabitation in Bounded Combinatory Logic with Intersection Types for Composition Synthesis
We describe ongoing work on a framework for automatic composition synthesis
from a repository of software components. This work is based on combinatory
logic with intersection types. The idea is that components are modeled as typed
combinators, and an algorithm for inhabitation {\textemdash} is there a
combinatory term e with type tau relative to an environment Gamma?
{\textemdash} can be used to synthesize compositions. Here, Gamma represents
the repository in the form of typed combinators, tau specifies the synthesis
goal, and e is the synthesized program. We illustrate our approach by examples,
including an application to synthesis from GUI-components.Comment: In Proceedings ITRS 2012, arXiv:1307.784
The Intersection Type Unification Problem
The intersection type unification problem is an important component in
proof search related to several natural decision problems in
intersection type systems. It is unknown and remains open whether the
unification problem is decidable. We give the first nontrivial lower
bound for the problem by showing (our main result) that it is
exponential time hard. Furthermore, we show that this holds even under
rank 1 solutions (substitutions whose codomains are restricted to
contain rank 1 types). In addition, we provide a fixed-parameter
intractability result for intersection type matching (one-sided
unification), which is known to be NP-complete.
We place the intersection type unification problem in the context of
unification theory. The equational theory of intersection types can
be presented as an algebraic theory with an ACI (associative,
commutative, and idempotent) operator (intersection type) combined
with distributivity properties with respect to a second operator
(function type). Although the problem is algebraically natural and
interesting, it appears to occupy a hitherto unstudied place in the
theory of unification, and our investigation of the problem suggests
that new methods are required to understand the problem. Thus, for the
lower bound proof, we were not able to reduce from known results in
ACI-unification theory and use game-theoretic methods for two-player
tiling games
Bounded Combinatory Logic
In combinatory logic one usually assumes a fixed set of basic combinators (axiom schemes), usually K and S. In this setting the set of provable formulas (inhabited types) is PSPACE-complete in simple types and undecidable in intersection types. When arbitrary sets of axiom schemes are considered, the inhabitation problem is undecidable even in simple types (this is known as Linial-Post theorem).
k-bounded combinatory logic with intersection types arises from combinatory logic by imposing the bound k on the depth of types (formulae) which may be substituted for type variables in axiom schemes. We consider the inhabitation (provability) problem for k-bounded combinatory logic: Given an arbitrary set of typed combinators and a type tau, is there a combinatory term of type tau in k-bounded combinatory logic?
Our main result is that the problem is (k+2)-EXPTIME complete for k-bounded combinatory logic with intersection types, for every fixed k
(and hence non-elementary when k is a parameter). We also show that the problem is EXPTIME-complete for simple types, for all k.
Theoretically, our results give new insight into the expressive power of intersection types. From an application perspective, our results are useful as a foundation for composition synthesis based on combinatory logic
Gaugino condensation and small uplifts in KKLT
In the first part of this note we argue that ten dimensional consistency
requirements in the form of a certain tadpole cancellation condition can be
satisfied by KKLT type vacua of type IIB string theory. We explain that a new
term of non-local nature is generated dynamically once supersymmetry is broken
and ensures cancellation of the tadpole. It can be interpreted as the stress
caused by the restoring force that the stabilization mechanism exerts on the
volume modulus. In the second part, we explain that it is surprisingly
difficult to engineer sufficiently long warped throats to prevent
decompactification which are also small enough in size to fit into the bulk
Calabi-Yau (CY). We give arguments that achieving this with reasonable amount
of control may not be possible in generic CY compactifications while CYs with
very non-generic geometrical properties might evade our conclusion.Comment: 25 pages, 8 figures, 1 appendix. v2. Note added, references adde
A landscape of orientifold vacua
We present a vast landscape of O3/O7 orientifolds that descends from the
famous set of complete intersection Calabi-Yau threefolds (CICY). We give
distributions of topological data relevant for phenomenology such as the
orientifold-odd Hodge numbers, the D3-tadpole, and multiplicities of O3 and
O7-planes. Somewhat surprisingly, almost all of these orientifolds have
conifold singularities whose deformation branches are projected out by the
orientifolding. However, they can be resolved, so most of the orientifolds
actually descend from a much larger and possibly new set of CY threefolds that
can be reached from the CICYs via conifold transitions. We observe an
interesting class of geometric transitions involving colliding
O-planes. Finally, as an application, we use our dataset to produce examples of
orientifolds that satisfy the topological requirements for the existence of
ultra-light throat axions (\textit{thraxions}) as proposed in
\cite{Hebecker:2018yxs}. The database can be accessed at
https://www.desy.de/~westphal/orientifold_webpage/cicy_orientifolds.htmlComment: 35 pages, 3 appendices, 5 figure
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