Estado de las comunidades de peces de arrecifes del área de Santa Marta : un soporte para el manejo del AMP Parque Natural Tayrona.

El objetivo general de la propuesta es “realizar la caracterización geomorfológica, biológica y ecológica de banco de serranilla (Caribe colombiano) y determinar el estado de salud de os arrecifes de coral como base para la conservación y el manejo integral de su biodiversidad dentro de la reserva de biosfera Seaflower.”IP 2105-09-16826Contrato No. 216-2004.;Grupo de investigación: Arrecifes coralinosInforme técnico final. -- [Anexos]: Anexo 1. Documentos de tesis [Resúmenes]. -- Anexo 2. Instrumento de toma de información para las actividades de pesca [Cuadernillo]; Instrumento de toma de información para las actividades de buceo [Planillas] y documentos análisis de información (Informe Final Sila Kangama) [Informe]. -- Anexo 3. Copia de 6 documentos correspondientes a los artículos divulgativos, capítulos de libros y resúmenes publicados [documentos]. -- Anexo 4. Soportes de y talleres y afiches. -- Anexo 5. Documento técnico para UAESPNN “Bases técnicas para el mejoramiento del plan de manejo del área marina protegida PNN Tayrona” [Informe] ; 5 mapas temáticos escala 1:60.000 [Mapas]. -- Anexo 6. Soportes de grado de estudiantes, cartas de sometimiento de artículos y de otros resultados no comprometidos contractualmente

Direct activation of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter by natural plant flavonoids

During cell activation, mitochondria play an important role in Ca(2+) homoeostasis due to the presence of a fast and specific Ca(2+) channel in its inner membrane, the mitochondrial Ca(2+) uniporter. This channel allows mitochondria to buffer local cytosolic [Ca(2+)] changes and controls the intramitochondrial Ca(2+) levels, thus modulating a variety of phenomena from respiratory rate to apoptosis. We have described recently that SB202190, an inhibitor of p38 MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase), strongly activated the uniporter. We show in the present study that a series of natural plant flavonoids, widely distributed in foods, produced also a strong stimulation of the mitochondrial Ca(2+) uniporter. This effect was of the same magnitude as that induced by SB202190 (an approx. 20-fold increase in the mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake rate), developed without measurable delay and was rapidly reversible. In intact cells, the mitochondrial Ca(2+) peak induced by histamine was also largely increased by the flavonoids. Stimulation of the uniporter by either flavonoids or SB202190 did not require ATP, suggesting a direct effect on the uniporter or an associated protein which is not mediated by protein phosphorylation. The most active compound, kaempferol, increased the rate of mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake by 85±15% (mean±S.E.M., n=4) and the histamine-induced mitochondrial Ca(2+) peak by 139±19% (mean±S.E.M., n=5) at a concentration of 1 μM. Given that flavonoids can reach this concentration range in plasma after ingestion of flavonoid-rich food, these compounds could be modulating the uniporter under physiological conditions