Meleney’s gangrene with superadded aspergillosis: Case report of a rare but fatal surgical complication

Meleney’s ulcer or post-operative synergistic bacterial gangrene is a rare form of necrotizing infection of the abdominal wall which develops following intra-abdominal surgery. If not promptly identified and treated, it can lead to extensive gangrene leading to fatal complications. We report a case of Meleney’s gangrene with superadded aspergillosis which rapidly progressed to gangrene of a large area of the anterior abdominal wall leading to mortality of the patient. We also discuss the difficulties in the management of such cases highlighting the need of early and aggressive debridement besides other measures

Development of size and shape dependent model for various thermodynamic properties of nanomaterials

The models developed in this work are used to study various thermodynamic properties of nanomaterials. A better agreement between theory and experiment indicates the validity of the proposed model. Since the model is simple and easy to use, we extend the theory to understand, how the thermodynamic properties of different nanomaterials depend on size and shape. The results were compared with previous theoretical work and experimental data. We have concluded that the model predicts a better agreement with previous theoretical work and experimental studies. Current research produces thermodynamic models for the Debye frequency, melting entropy, melting enthalpy, and Einstein temperature. To the best of our knowledge, such models are not yet available in the literature that works well

Структурні, оптичні та електричні властивості нанопорошку rGO@SnO2, отриманого методом хімічного співосадження

Для синтезу нанопорошку rGO@SnO2 використовується техніка хімічного співосадження. Серед різноманітних оксидів металів SnO2 є напівпровідником n-типу з широкою забороненою зоною 3,64 еВ при кімнатній температурі, який широко використовується в різних додатках, таких як датчики, прозорі провідні електроди, оптоелектронні пристрої, фотокаталізатори, літій-іонні батареї та сонячні елементи. При аналізі спектрів рентгенівської дифракції (XRD) розмір кристалітів наночастинок становить 2,15 нм. Інфрачервона спектроскопія з перетворенням Фур'є (FTIR) показує розтяжні та коливальні режими зв'язку метал-кисень при 662 см – 1, підтверджує наявність антисиметричного містка O–Sn–O і появу піків при 1387 см – 1 та 1635 см – 1 за рахунок зв'язків C–H та C=C відповідно. Зображення автоелектронної скануючої мікроскопії (FESEM) показує, що розмір нанокристалітів менше 10 нм. Оптична ширина забороненої зони (OBG) нанопорошку rGO@SnO2, розрахована за допомогою аналізу графіка Тауца, становить 3,53 еВ, що менше, ніж OBG чистого SnO2. Провідність та питомий опір нанопорошку rGO@SnO2 розраховано за вольт-амперними характеристиками.The chemical co-precipitation technique is used to synthesize rGO@SnO2 nanopowder. Among a variety of metal oxides, SnO2 is an n-type semiconductor with a broad band gap of 3.64 eV at room temperature, which is widely used in different applications such as sensors, transparent conducting electrodes, optoelectronic devices, photocatalysts, lithium-ion batteries, and solar cells. When analyzing the X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra, the crystallite size of nanoparticles is 2.15 nm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) shows the stretching and vibrational modes of the metal-oxygen bond at 662 cm – 1, confirms the presence of antisymmetric O–Sn–O bridge and the appearance of peaks at 1387 cm – 1 and 1635 cm – 1 due to C–H and C=C bonds, respectively. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) image shows that the size of nanocrystallites is less than 10 nm. The optical band gap (OBG) of rGO@SnO2 nanopowder is calculated using Tauc plot analysis and is 3.53 eV, which is less than OBG of pure SnO2. Conductivity and resistivity of rGO@SnO2 nanopowder are calculated from the I-V characteristics

Biosynthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles via Leaf Extracts of Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don and Their Application in Improving Seed Germination Potential and Seedling Vigor of Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn

The ecofriendly nature of materials used in synthesis and their low cost make biosynthesized nanoparticles excellent stuff for a broad range of applications in bioscience. Green nanomaterials are progressively used in agriculture to deliver plant nutrients efficiently and effectively. The present work aimed to biosynthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) utilizing Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don leaf extracts to use them as a nanopriming agent for improving seed germination and seedling growth in Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn (finger millet). UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, FE-SEM, EDX, and TEM were used to characterize biosynthesized nanoparticles (NPs). The peaks at 362 nm characterized UV-Vis spectra of ZnO NPs. The FTIR absorption spectrum of ZnO NPs showed Zn-O bending at 547 cm−1. The size (44.5 nm) and shape (nonspherical) of ZnO NPs were revealed by TEM image analysis. XRD confirmed the hexagonal wurtzite phase of ZnO with an average particle size of 35.19. The seed germination results revealed that ZnO-nanoprimed seeds at 500 mg/L substantially improved all the seed germination parameters, viz., plumule length (23.4%), radicle length (55%), vigor index (41.94%), and dry matter production (54.6%) compared to hydropriming (control)

Concept of Hybrid Drugs and Recent Advancements in Anticancer Hybrids

Cancer is a complex disease, and its treatment is a big challenge, with variable efficacy of conventional anticancer drugs. A two-drug cocktail hybrid approach is a potential strategy in recent drug discovery that involves the combination of two drug pharmacophores into a single molecule. The hybrid molecule acts through distinct modes of action on several targets at a given time with more efficacy and less susceptibility to resistance. Thus, there is a huge scope for using hybrid compounds to tackle the present difficulties in cancer medicine. Recent work has applied this technique to uncover some interesting molecules with substantial anticancer properties. In this study, we report data on numerous promising hybrid anti-proliferative/anti-tumor agents developed over the previous 10 years (2011–2021). It includes quinazoline, indole, carbazole, pyrimidine, quinoline, quinone, imidazole, selenium, platinum, hydroxamic acid, ferrocene, curcumin, triazole, benzimidazole, isatin, pyrrolo benzodiazepine (PBD), chalcone, coumarin, nitrogen mustard, pyrazole, and pyridine-based anticancer hybrids produced via molecular hybridization techniques. Overall, this review offers a clear indication of the potential benefits of merging pharmacophoric subunits from multiple different known chemical prototypes to produce more potent and precise hybrid compounds. This provides valuable knowledge for researchers working on complex diseases such as cancer

Nitrogen Containing Heterocycles as Anticancer Agents: A Medicinal Chemistry Perspective

Cancer is one of the major healthcare challenges across the globe. Several anticancer drugs are available on the market but they either lack specificity or have poor safety, severe side effects, and suffer from resistance. So, there is a dire need to develop safer and target-specific anticancer drugs. More than 85% of all physiologically active pharmaceuticals are heterocycles or contain at least one heteroatom. Nitrogen heterocycles constituting the most common heterocyclic framework. In this study, we have compiled the FDA approved heterocyclic drugs with nitrogen atoms and their pharmacological properties. Moreover, we have reported nitrogen containing heterocycles, including pyrimidine, quinolone, carbazole, pyridine, imidazole, benzimidazole, triazole, β-lactam, indole, pyrazole, quinazoline, quinoxaline, isatin, pyrrolo-benzodiazepines, and pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines, which are used in the treatment of different types of cancer, concurrently covering the biochemical mechanisms of action and cellular targets