System Characteristic or User Purpose? - A Multi-group Analysis on the Adoption of Online Shopping by Mobility Impaired and Unimpaired Users

Since van der Heijden (2004) it is widely accepted that hedonic and utilitarian information systems underlie different adoption mechanisms. Within this research, we compare two homogenous user groups and their adoption behaviors with respect to e-commerce websites. The groups thereby differ only in the fact that one of them consists of individuals suffering from mobility impairment. Consistent with theory in psychology and medical rehabilitation that suggests that disablement leads to an adapted evaluation of surroundings (including ICT) in terms of needs and purposes, we show by means of a multi-group structural equation analysis that concerning adoption determinants of a sys-tem, not only the mere system characteristics (utilitarian vs. hedonic) matter, but also the value that is attached to the system by the user in terms of his personal needs. The results indicate that although e-commerce websites are predominantly classified as hedonic system, the adoption of them by the mobil-ity-impaired group is predominantly determined by perceived usefulness. This leads to the discussion if user characteristics in terms of physical capabilities and the needs they imply should be attached more importance to in IS adoption research

What Faces Can(not) Tell – A Multi-Channel Analysis of Emotional Responses to Computer-Transferred Stimuli

In Information Systems (IS) research, emotions are predominantly measured using self-reports of survey participants (e.g. in IS adoption) or facial expressions (e.g. in Human-Computer Interaction). In order to combine both measurement foci, we assess and compare the impact of facial emotional reactions to computer-induced stimuli on self-reported perceptive evaluations towards the respective stimulus and system by using a multi-method experimental approach with multi-channel analysis. We captured implicit emotional expressions of happiness of 176 participants using eye-tracker and webcam technology as implicit emotion measures together with a post-experimental questionnaire containing items for the explicit emotion of pleasure, social presence, and arousal. Results analyzed using the FACS procedure (Ekman and Friesen 1978) and test for mean inequality indicate that facially transmitted happiness in response to hedonic design elements in online job ads leads to an increase in self-report measures for pleasure, but not unambiguously for social presence and arousal. Furthermore, we find support for the effect of implicit emotion expression of happiness on the explicit self-report measures of pleasure and arousal being higher for the measures of pleasure. We contribute to IS research on human behavior by complementing self-reported measures of emotion with a physical emotional measure in response to system’s feature, and by linking these measured emotional physical responses to individual behavior. In addition, by comparing both implicit (physical) and explicit (overt self-reported perceptions) measures of emotional responses we provide a more detailed picture on benefits and limitations of both measures and about their internal relationship

Use of small angle neutron scattering to study the interaction of angiotensin II with model membranes

Understanding biological processes assumes a detailed understanding of the interaction of all involved molecules. Here the effect of the peptide hormone angiotensin II (Ang II), an agonist of the angiotensin receptors, on the structure of unilamellar and multilamellar dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine vesicles was studied by small angle neutron scattering, dynamic light scattering and differential scanning calorimetry. The calorimetry data indicate a weak interaction of Ang II with the surface of the membrane bilayer, as the pretransition persists during all experiments, and the main transition is only slightly shifted towards higher temperatures. From the SANS data we were able to confirm the calorimetric data and verify the interaction of the hormone with the membrane surface. At low temperatures, when the lipid molecules are in the gel phase, more precisely in the ripple phase, the peptide penetrates in the head group core, but due to the close packing of the acyl chains, the hydrophobic region is not affected. In a temperature region below but close to the region of the phase transition, the hydrophibic core starts to be affected by the peptide, and the same is true for the fluid phase. Upon binding of the peptide, the thickness of the head group increases, and the scattering length density of the head group starts to rise with increasing peptide concentrations. This interaction and binding to the membrane surface may be relevant for the relocation, binding and reconstitution of the angiotensin receptors into the membrane. Second, the peptide adsorption to the membrane surface may contribute to the binding of Ang II in the active site of the recepto

Does Your Smile Mean That You’re Happy? – a Multi-Channel Analysis of Emotional Reactions

In Information Systems (IS) research, emotions are primarily measured using facial expressions of participants or self-reported survey results. To unite both measurement foci, we analyze the impact of facial emotional reactions to computer-induced stimuli on self-reported evaluations towards the respective stimulus by using a multi-method experimental approach with multi-channel analysis. We collected emotional expressions of happiness of 176 participants using eye-tracker and webcam technology together with a post-experimental survey. We contribute to IS research by supplementing self-reported measures of emotion with a physical emotional measure in response to a system’s feature, and by relating these measured emotional physical responses to individual behavior

Testing perceivers’ accuracy and accuracy awareness when forming personality impressions from faces

People spontaneously judge others’ personality based on their facial appearance and these impressions guide many important decisions. Although the consequences of personality impressions are well documented, studies on the accuracy of personality impressions have yielded mixed results. Moreover, relatively little is known about people’s accuracy awareness (i.e., whether they are aware of their judgment accuracy). Even if accuracy is generally low, awareness of accuracy would allow people to rely on their impressions in the right situations. In two studies (one preregistered), we estimated perceivers’ accuracy and accuracy awareness when forming personality impressions based on facial photographs. Our studies have three crucial advantages as compared to previous studies (a) by incentivizing accuracy and accuracy awareness, (b) by relying on substantially larger samples of raters (nStudy 1 = 223, nStudy 2 = 423) and targets (kStudy 1 = 140, kStudy 2 = 1,260 unique pairs with 280 unique targets), and (c) by conducting Bayesian analyses to also quantify evidence for the null hypothesis. Our findings suggest that face-based personality impressions are not accurate, that perceivers lack insight into their (in)accuracy, and that most people overestimate their accuracy

Better Than Advertised: Improved Collision-Resistance Guarantees for MD-Based Hash Functions

The MD transform that underlies the MD and SHA families iterates a compression function $\mathsf{h}$ to get a hash function $\mathsf{H}$. The question we ask is, what property X of $\mathsf{h}$ guarantees collision resistance (CR) of $\mathsf{H}$? The classical answer is that X itself be CR. We show that weaker conditions X, in particular forms of what we call constrained-CR, suffice. This reduces demands on compression functions, to the benefit of security, and also, forensically, explains why collision-finding attacks on compression functions have not, historically, lead to immediate breaks of the corresponding hash functions. We obtain our results via a definitional framework called RS security, and a parameterized treatment of MD, that also serve to unify prior work and variants of the transform

Uma biografia musealizada: a coleção de Hugo Simões Lagranha no Museu Municipal de Canoas/RS

O presente artigo tem por objetivo aproximar duas práticas culturais de salvaguarda de memória: as escritas biográficas e as coleções museológicas. Ambas podem atuar como consagradoras de uma memória individualizante dos grandes exemplos ou como vetores de reflexões acerca das memórias coletivas. A partir de um estudo de caso oriundo da cidade de Canoas (RS), analisou-se a biografia autorizada do ex-prefeito Hugo Simões Lagranha, sua coleção em exposição no Museu Municipal de Canoas, os livros tombos do Museu e jornais locais. Considerou-se as coleções como atos biográficos e as exposições enquanto narrativas construídas por meio de objetos. Foi possível compreender como a cidade de Canoas trata as memórias locais ao se distanciar da história da cidade e suas diversas nuances para representar a trajetória de um homem só

Research on Cognitive Domain in Geoscience Learning: Temporal and Spatial Reasoning

The geosciences are characterized by their particular application of and reliance on temporal and spatial reasoning. Geoscientists must be able to apply their knowledge across a variety of scales. The ability to engage with this kind of task represents a great shift in thinking from where most students begin their studies, be that in K-12 or college. In order to understand how people\u27s ability to spatial and temporal reasoning changes over time requires identification of what skills are essential, assessment of those skills, and then exploration of the impacts of different targeted interventions in geoscience contexts. While more is known about how people reason spatially as compared with temporally, there are still significant gaps in our understanding of spatial reasoning in the geosciences. There are opportunities to build on lessons learned from previous investigations of spatial thinking (e.g. the Spatial Intelligence and Learning Center), including how a community can investigate a specific line of reasoning. There is also a need to build on established research from other domains, from anthropology to cognitive science to physics. In this chapter the authors identified and describe three grand challenges to better understand the need for and growth of spatial and temporal reasoning in geoscience education. These include identifying what reasonings or skills are essential to the geosciences (both broadly and within subdisciplines), and the intertwined challenge of how to assess those reasonings and use those results to improve on what students are learning from their geoscience experiences

Gênero em programas esportivos de televisão : analisando a performance de Dani Monteiro em Caminhos da Aventura

11