Processus d'archivage : un pas de plus dans la démat

Revue professionnelleLe standard d'échange de données pour l'archivage (Seda), pose les fondements d'une dématérialisation pour les processus d'archivage

Le standard d'échange de données pour l'archivage : du standard à la norme

Revue professionnelleRetours d'expériences sur la mise en oeuvre du standard d'échange de données pour l'archivage (Seda). Les différentes révisions du standard jusqu'à la publication de la norme Z 44-022 ou Medona (Modélisation de données pour l'archivage

Corpus de la parole : collecte, catalogage, conservation et diffusion des ressources orales sur le français et les langues de France

International audience"Corpus de la parole" is a collaborative project between the Ministry of Culture of France and the CNRS, which aims to build a collection of resources on French and other languages of France. A Web site provides an editorialised access to this collection. This article presents the main points of the organization of this program: the data collection, the access, dissemination and sustainability aspects of the digital data.Le programme « Corpus de la parole » est un projet en collaboration entre le ministère de la Culture et de la Communication et le CNRS qui vise à constituer une collection de ressources orales sur le français et les langues de France. Un portail Web offre un accès éditorialisé à cette collection. Cet article présentera les points principaux de l’organisation de ce programme, de la collecte des corpus aux aspects de pérennisation en passant par l’accès et la diffusion des données numériques

Cocoon une plateforme pour la conservation et la diffusion de ressources orales en sciences humaines et sociales

International audienc

La question de l'archivage des données de la recherche en SHS (Sciences Humaines et Sociales)

Aujourd'hui les données de la recherche sont produites nativement sous forme numérique ou proviennent de la numérisation de données analogiques. Paradoxalement, le numérique dissociant l'information de son support, il se révèle plus complexe à gérer et la prise de conscience de la difficulté à pérenniser cette nouvelle forme d'information est très récente. Dans le cadre de la mise en place d'une infrastructure pour les Sciences Humaines et Sociales par la TGIR Huma-Num, une organisation s'appuyant sur les ressources du CINES (Centre Informatique National de l'Enseignement Supérieur) a été mise en place pour assurer l'archivage à long terme des données produites dans ce domaine. A la suite d'une première étude, un projet pilote a porté sur les données orales jugées représentatives des différents cas de figure pouvant se présenter dans les SHS. Ce projet pilote s'est déroulé sur une période de deux ans et a nécessité une évolution du système d'archivage numérique du CINES afin de prendre en compte les spécificités métier des SHS. Parallèlement, un travail de coordination a été effectué avec le SIAF (Service Interministériel des Archives de France) pour tenir compte des aspects propres au statut d'archives publiques de ces données. L'organisation mise en place durant le projet pilote, conformément au modèle OAIS (Open Archival Information System - norme ISO 14721), est dorénavant opérationnel et représente un cas original d'archivage des données de la recherche en SHS

Format de fichiers PDF : guide méthodologique (Le)

A la demande des Archives de France, et avec le soutien du TGE Adonis, la société NUMEN et le CINES ont lancé une étude qui vise à faire le point sur les différents formats PDF. Une première partie de cette étude a été publiée sous la forme d\u27un guide méthodologique

Suicidal students' use of and attitudes to primary care prevention services

Aim The aims of this study were to improve responses to students in distress and who are feeling suicidal, to help practitioners to increase their responsiveness to those at high risk of suicide and to develop effective responses to those affected by their deaths. The study sought to build a detailed picture of students’ patterns of service use. Background National suicide prevention strategies emphasise that suicide prevention requires the collaboration of a wide range of organisations. Among these, primary care services play a key role in relation to suicide prevention for young people in crisis. Methods This study, undertaken between 2004 and 2007, focused on 20 case studies of student suicide that took place in the United Kingdom between May 2000 and June 2005. It adopted a psychological autopsy approach to learn from a wide range of informants, including parents, friends, university staff and the records of coroners or procurator fiscals. Twenty families gave permission for their son’s or daughter’s death to be included in the study and agreed to participate in the study. Informants were interviewed in person and the data were analysed thematically. Analysis of the case study data suggested that in a number of cases students had failed to engage with services sufficiently early or in sufficient depth. Primary care practitioners need to be proactive in communicating concerns about vulnerable students to student support services. At local levels, collaboration between student support and National Health Service practitioners varied considerably and channels of communication need to be developed

High-fidelity single-shot readout for a spin qubit via an enhanced latching mechanism

The readout of semiconductor spin qubits based on spin blockade is fast but suffers from a small charge signal. Previous work suggested large benefits from additional charge mapping processes, however uncertainties remain about the underlying mechanisms and achievable fidelity. In this work, we study the single-shot fidelity and limiting mechanisms for two variations of an enhanced latching readout. We achieve average single-shot readout fidelities > 99.3% and > 99.86% for the conventional and enhanced readout respectively, the latter being the highest to date for spin blockade. The signal amplitude is enhanced to a full one-electron signal while preserving the readout speed. Furthermore, layout constraints are relaxed because the charge sensor signal is no longer dependent on being aligned with the conventional (2, 0) - (1, 1) charge dipole. Silicon donor-quantum-dot qubits are used for this study, for which the dipole insensitivity substantially relaxes donor placement requirements. One of the readout variations also benefits from a parametric lifetime enhancement by replacing the spin-relaxation process with a charge-metastable one. This provides opportunities to further increase the fidelity. The relaxation mechanisms in the different regimes are investigated. This work demonstrates a readout that is fast, has one-electron signal and results in higher fidelity. It further predicts that going beyond 99.9% fidelity in a few microseconds of measurement time is within reach.Comment: Supplementary information is included with the pape

Animal health beyond the single disease approach – A role for veterinary herd health management in low-income countries?

In order to identify and evaluate health related constraints faced by Ugandan pig farmers, a veterinary herd health management approach (VHHM) was applied in 20 randomly selected pig farms in the Lira district, Uganda. Regular herd visits were conducted between July 2018 and June 2019, using e.g. interviews, observations, clinical examinations and laboratory analyzes to gather qualitative and quantitative data on relevant aspects of the production. The pig farmers kept on average 18.6 pigs, including 2.6 sows/year. The production figures varied considerably but were generally poor. The sows produced 1.6 litters/year and 8.2 piglets born alive per litter, the average daily gain was 101 g/day, and the mortality in growers was 9.7%. Four major constraints were identified; poor nutrition, infectious diseases, inferior biosecurity, and poor reproductive management. The quantity and quality of feed was suboptimal. Endo- and ectoparasites were very common, causing diarrhea, bronchitis, pneumonia, skin lesions and pruritus. Post-weaning diarrhea associated with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli was important in the two largest herds, and parvoviral antibodies were found in seven herds, two experiencing problems with mummified fetuses. Biosecurity practices were insufficient and inconsistent, with free-ranging pigs and the use of village boars being the major risks. Reproductive figures were affected by poor estrus detection and service management. Overall, farmers lacked important knowledge on good management practices. In conclusion, the VHHM identified several important constraints that should be addressed in order to increase the productivity of Ugandan pig herds

Contribuer au progrès solidaire des recherches et de la documentation : la Collection Pangloss et la Collection AuCo

International audienceThis talk sets out the scientific goals and achievements of two collections hosted by the Cocoon Open Archive of oral resources: the Pangloss Collection, which mainly focuses on unwritten languages from all areas in the world ; and the AuCo Collection, which is dedicated to languages of Vietnam and neighbouring countries. The aim is to contribute to joint progress in language documentation and in research. Emphasis is placed on the perspectives for phonetic/phonological research that are opened by some recent achievements in the framework of these two Collections.La présente communication présente les projets scientifiques et les réalisations de deux collections hébergées par la plateforme de ressources orales Cocoon : la Collection Pangloss, qui concerne principalement des langues de tradition orale (sans écriture), du monde entier ; et la Collection AuCo, dédiée aux langues du Vietnam et de pays voisins. L'objectif est un progrès solidaire des recherches et de la documentation linguistique. L'accent est mis sur les perspectives ouvertes pour la recherche en phonétique/phonologie par certaines réalisations récentes dans le cadre de ces deux Collections