716 research outputs found
Solitons, solitonic vortices, and vortex rings in a confined Bose-Einstein condensate
Quasi-one-dimensional solitons that may occur in an elongated Bose-Einstein
condensate become unstable at high particle density. We study two basic modes
of instability and the corresponding bifurcations to genuinely
three-dimensional solitary waves such as axisymmetric vortex rings and
non-axisymmetric solitonic vortices. We calculate the profiles of the above
structures and examine their dependence on the velocity of propagation along a
cylindrical trap. At sufficiently high velocity, both the vortex ring and the
solitonic vortex transform into an axisymmetric soliton. We also calculate the
energy-momentum dispersions and show that a Lieb-type mode appears in the
excitation spectrum for all particle densities.Comment: RevTeX 9 pages, 9 figure
Stationary solutions of the one-dimensional nonlinear Schroedinger equation: I. Case of repulsive nonlinearity
All stationary solutions to the one-dimensional nonlinear Schroedinger
equation under box and periodic boundary conditions are presented in analytic
form. We consider the case of repulsive nonlinearity; in a companion paper we
treat the attractive case. Our solutions take the form of stationary trains of
dark or grey density-notch solitons. Real stationary states are in one-to-one
correspondence with those of the linear Schr\"odinger equation. Complex
stationary states are uniquely nonlinear, nodeless, and symmetry-breaking. Our
solutions apply to many physical contexts, including the Bose-Einstein
condensate and optical pulses in fibers.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures -- revised versio
Molecular structures and vibrations of neutral and anionic CuOx (x = 1-3,6) clusters
We report equilibrium geometric structures of CuO2, CuO3, CuO6, and CuO
clusters obtained by an all-electron linear combination of atomic orbitals
scheme within the density-functional theory with generalized gradient
approximation to describe the exchange-correlation effects. The vibrational
stability of all clusters is examined on the basis of the vibrational
frequencies. A structure with Cs symmetry is found to be the lowest-energy
structure for CuO2, while a -shaped structure with C2v symmetry is the most
stable structure for CuO3. For the larger CuO6 and CuO clusters, several
competitive structures exist with structures containing ozonide units being
higher in energy than those with O2 units. The infrared and Raman spectra are
calculated for the stable optimal geometries. ~Comment: Uses Revtex4, (Better quality figures can be obtained from authors
Nonlinear waves in a cylindrical Bose-Einstein condensate
We present a complete calculation of solitary waves propagating in a steady
state with constant velocity v along a cigar-shaped Bose-Einstein trap
approximated as infinitely-long cylindrical. For sufficiently weak couplings
(densities) the main features of the calculated solitons could be captured by
effective one-dimensional (1D) models. However, for stronger couplings of
practical interest, the relevant solitary waves are found to be hybrids of
quasi-1D solitons and 3D vortex rings. An interesting hierarchy of vortex rings
occurs as the effective coupling constant is increased through a sequence of
critical values. The energy-momentum dispersion of the above structures is
shown to exhibit characteristics similar to a mode proposed sometime ago by
Lieb within a strictly 1D model, as well as some rotonlike features.Comment: 10 pages, 12 figure
UV emission from young and middle-aged pulsars: Connecting X-rays with the optical
We present the UV spectroscopy and timing of three nearby pulsars (Vela,
B0656+14 and Geminga) recently observed with the Space Telescope Imaging
Spectrograph. We also review the optical and X-ray properties of these pulsars
and establish their connection with the UV properties. We show that the
multiwavelengths properties of neutron stars (NSs) vary significantly within
the sample of middle-aged pulsars. Even larger differences are found between
the thermal components of Ge-minga and B0656+14 as compared to those of
radio-quiet isolated NSs. These differences could be attributed to different
properties of the NS surface layers.Comment: To appear in Astrophysics and Space Science, Proceedings of "Isolated
Neutron Stars: from the Interior to the Surface", eds. D. Page, R. Turolla
and S. Zane; 10 pages, 4 figures, 3 table
Bifurcation and stability for Nonlinear Schroedinger equations with double well potential in the semiclassical limit
We consider the stationary solutions for a class of Schroedinger equations
with a symmetric double-well potential and a nonlinear perturbation. Here, in
the semiclassical limit we prove that the reduction to a finite-mode
approximation give the stationary solutions, up to an exponentially small term,
and that symmetry-breaking bifurcation occurs at a given value for the strength
of the nonlinear term. The kind of bifurcation picture only depends on the
non-linearity power. We then discuss the stability/instability properties of
each branch of the stationary solutions. Finally, we consider an explicit
one-dimensional toy model where the double well potential is given by means of
a couple of attractive Dirac's delta pointwise interactions.Comment: 46 pages, 4 figure
High Precision Mass Measurements in and Families Revisited
High precision mass measurements in and families performed
in 1980-1984 at the VEPP-4 collider with OLYA and MD-1 detectors are revisited.
The corrections for the new value of the electron mass are presented. The
effect of the updated radiative corrections has been calculated for the
and mass measurements.Comment: 5 pages, 1 table, submitted to Phys. Lett.
Spectral modeling of scintillator for the NEMO-3 and SuperNEMO detectors
We have constructed a GEANT4-based detailed software model of photon
transport in plastic scintillator blocks and have used it to study the NEMO-3
and SuperNEMO calorimeters employed in experiments designed to search for
neutrinoless double beta decay. We compare our simulations to measurements
using conversion electrons from a calibration source of and show
that the agreement is improved if wavelength-dependent properties of the
calorimeter are taken into account. In this article, we briefly describe our
modeling approach and results of our studies.Comment: 16 pages, 10 figure
Skunk River Review Autumn 1994, vol 6
https://openspace.dmacc.edu/skunkriver/1009/thumbnail.jp
Development and Validation of a Tokamak Skin Effect Transformer model
A control oriented, lumped parameter model for the tokamak transformer
including the slow flux penetration in the plasma (skin effect transformer
model) is presented. The model does not require detailed or explicit
information about plasma profiles or geometry. Instead, this information is
lumped in system variables, parameters and inputs. The model has an exact
mathematical structure built from energy and flux conservation theorems,
predicting the evolution and non linear interaction of the plasma current and
internal inductance as functions of the primary coil currents, plasma
resistance, non-inductive current drive and the loop voltage at a specific
location inside the plasma (equilibrium loop voltage). Loop voltage profile in
the plasma is substituted by a three-point discretization, and ordinary
differential equations are used to predict the equilibrium loop voltage as
function of the boundary and resistive loop voltages. This provides a model for
equilibrium loop voltage evolution, which is reminiscent of the skin effect.
The order and parameters of this differential equation are determined
empirically using system identification techniques. Fast plasma current
modulation experiments with Random Binary Signals (RBS) have been conducted in
the TCV tokamak to generate the required data for the analysis. Plasma current
was modulated in Ohmic conditions between 200kA and 300kA with 30ms rise time,
several times faster than its time constant L/R\approx200ms. The model explains
the most salient features of the plasma current transients without requiring
detailed or explicit information about resistivity profiles. This proves that
lumped parameter modeling approach can be used to predict the time evolution of
bulk plasma properties such as plasma inductance or current with reasonable
accuracy; at least in Ohmic conditions without external heating and current
drive sources
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