396 research outputs found
A multi-agent system for on-the-fly web map generation and spatial conflict resolution
RĂ©sumĂ© Internet est devenu un moyen de diffusion de lâinformation gĂ©ographique par excellence. Il offre de plus en plus de services cartographiques accessibles par des milliers dâinternautes Ă travers le monde. Cependant, la qualitĂ© de ces services doit ĂȘtre amĂ©liorĂ©e, principalement en matiĂšre de personnalisation. A cette fin, il est important que la carte gĂ©nĂ©rĂ©e corresponde autant que possible aux besoins, aux prĂ©fĂ©rences et au contexte de lâutilisateur. Ce but peut ĂȘtre atteint en appliquant les transformations appropriĂ©es, en temps rĂ©el, aux objets de lâespace Ă chaque cycle de gĂ©nĂ©ration de la carte. Lâun des dĂ©fis majeurs de la gĂ©nĂ©ration dâune carte Ă la volĂ©e est la rĂ©solution des conflits spatiaux qui apparaissent entre les objets, essentiellement Ă cause de lâespace rĂ©duit des Ă©crans dâaffichage. Dans cette thĂšse, nous proposons une nouvelle approche basĂ©e sur la mise en Ćuvre dâun systĂšme multiagent pour la gĂ©nĂ©ration Ă la volĂ©e des cartes et la rĂ©solution des conflits spatiaux. Cette approche est basĂ©e sur lâutilisation de la reprĂ©sentation multiple et la gĂ©nĂ©ralisation cartographique. Elle rĂ©sout les conflits spatiaux et gĂ©nĂšre les cartes demandĂ©es selon une stratĂ©gie innovatrice : la gĂ©nĂ©ration progressive des cartes par couches dâintĂ©rĂȘt. Chaque couche dâintĂ©rĂȘt contient tous les objets ayant le mĂȘme degrĂ© dâimportance pour lâutilisateur. Ce contenu est dĂ©terminĂ© Ă la volĂ©e au dĂ©but du processus de gĂ©nĂ©ration de la carte demandĂ©e. Notre approche multiagent gĂ©nĂšre et transfĂšre cette carte suivant un mode parallĂšle. En effet, une fois une couche dâintĂ©rĂȘt gĂ©nĂ©rĂ©e, elle est transmise Ă lâutilisateur. Dans le but de rĂ©soudre les conflits spatiaux, et par la mĂȘme occasion gĂ©nĂ©rer la carte demandĂ©e, nous affectons un agent logiciel Ă chaque objet de lâespace. Les agents entrent ensuite en compĂ©tition pour lâoccupation de lâespace disponible. Cette compĂ©tition est basĂ©e sur un ensemble de prioritĂ©s qui correspondent aux diffĂ©rents degrĂ©s dâimportance des objets pour lâutilisateur. Durant la rĂ©solution des conflits, les agents prennent en considĂ©ration les besoins et les prĂ©fĂ©rences de lâutilisateur afin dâamĂ©liorer la personnalisation de la carte. Ils amĂ©liorent la lisibilitĂ© des objets importants et utilisent des symboles qui pourraient aider lâutilisateur Ă mieux comprendre lâespace gĂ©ographique. Le processus de gĂ©nĂ©ration de la carte peut ĂȘtre interrompu en tout temps par lâutilisateur lorsque les donnĂ©es dĂ©jĂ transmises rĂ©pondent Ă ses besoins. Dans ce cas, son temps dâattente est rĂ©duit, Ă©tant donnĂ© quâil nâa pas Ă attendre la gĂ©nĂ©ration du reste de la carte. Afin dâillustrer notre approche, nous lâappliquons au contexte de la cartographie sur le web ainsi quâau contexte de la cartographie mobile. Dans ces deux contextes, nous catĂ©gorisons nos donnĂ©es, qui concernent la ville de QuĂ©bec, en quatre couches dâintĂ©rĂȘt contenant les objets explicitement demandĂ©s par lâutilisateur, les objets repĂšres, le rĂ©seau routier et les objets ordinaires qui nâont aucune importance particuliĂšre pour lâutilisateur. Notre systĂšme multiagent vise Ă rĂ©soudre certains problĂšmes liĂ©s Ă la gĂ©nĂ©ration Ă la volĂ©e des cartes web. Ces problĂšmes sont les suivants : 1. Comment adapter le contenu des cartes, Ă la volĂ©e, aux besoins des utilisateurs ? 2. Comment rĂ©soudre les conflits spatiaux de maniĂšre Ă amĂ©liorer la lisibilitĂ© de la carte tout en prenant en considĂ©ration les besoins de lâutilisateur ? 3. Comment accĂ©lĂ©rer la gĂ©nĂ©ration et le transfert des donnĂ©es aux utilisateurs ? Les principales contributions de cette thĂšse sont : 1. La rĂ©solution des conflits spatiaux en utilisant les systĂšmes multiagent, la gĂ©nĂ©ralisation cartographique et la reprĂ©sentation multiple. 2. La gĂ©nĂ©ration des cartes dans un contexte web et dans un contexte mobile, Ă la volĂ©e, en utilisant les systĂšmes multiagent, la gĂ©nĂ©ralisation cartographique et la reprĂ©sentation multiple. 3. Lâadaptation des contenus des cartes, en temps rĂ©el, aux besoins de lâutilisateur Ă la source (durant la premiĂšre gĂ©nĂ©ration de la carte). 4. Une nouvelle modĂ©lisation de lâespace gĂ©ographique basĂ©e sur une architecture multi-couches du systĂšme multiagent. 5. Une approche de gĂ©nĂ©ration progressive des cartes basĂ©e sur les couches dâintĂ©rĂȘt. 6. La gĂ©nĂ©ration et le transfert, en parallĂšle, des cartes aux utilisateurs, dans les contextes web et mobile.Abstract Internet is a fast growing medium to get and disseminate geospatial information. It provides more and more web mapping services accessible by thousands of users worldwide. However, the quality of these services needs to be improved, especially in term of personalization. In order to increase map flexibility, it is important that the map corresponds as much as possible to the userâs needs, preferences and context. This may be possible by applying the suitable transformations, in real-time, to spatial objects at each map generation cycle. An underlying challenge of such on-the-fly map generation is to solve spatial conflicts that may appear between objects especially due to lack of space on display screens. In this dissertation, we propose a multiagent-based approach to address the problems of on-the-fly web map generation and spatial conflict resolution. The approach is based upon the use of multiple representation and cartographic generalization. It solves conflicts and generates maps according to our innovative progressive map generation by layers of interest approach. A layer of interest contains objects that have the same importance to the user. This content, which depends on the userâs needs and the mapâs context of use, is determined on-the-fly. Our multiagent-based approach generates and transfers data of the required map in parallel. As soon as a given layer of interest is generated, it is transmitted to the user. In order to generate a given map and solve spatial conflicts, we assign a software agent to every spatial object. Then, the agents compete for space occupation. This competition is driven by a set of priorities corresponding to the importance of objects for the user. During processing, agents take into account usersâ needs and preferences in order to improve the personalization of the final map. They emphasize important objects by improving their legibility and using symbols in order to help the user to better understand the geographic space. Since the user can stop the map generation process whenever he finds the required information from the amount of data already transferred, his waiting delays are reduced. In order to illustrate our approach, we apply it to the context of tourist web and mobile mapping applications. In these contexts, we propose to categorize data into four layers of interest containing: explicitly required objects, landmark objects, road network and ordinary objects which do not have any specific importance for the user. In this dissertation, our multiagent system aims at solving the following problems related to on-the-fly web mapping applications: 1. How can we adapt the contents of maps to usersâ needs on-the-fly? 2. How can we solve spatial conflicts in order to improve the legibility of maps while taking into account usersâ needs? 3. How can we speed up data generation and transfer to users? The main contributions of this thesis are: 1. The resolution of spatial conflicts using multiagent systems, cartographic generalization and multiple representation. 2. The generation of web and mobile maps, on-the-fly, using multiagent systems, cartographic generalization and multiple representation. 3. The real-time adaptation of mapsâ contents to usersâ needs at the source (during the first generation of the map). 4. A new modeling of the geographic space based upon a multi-layers multiagent system architecture. 5. A progressive map generation approach by layers of interest. 6. The generation and transfer of web and mobile maps at the same time to users
Chalmers Larose, LâodyssĂ©e transnationale. Enjeux, acteurs, sites. Une perspective minimaliste, 2008, QuĂ©bec, Presses de lâUniversitĂ© du QuĂ©bec, 192 p.
First studies showing high temephos resistance in Anopheles labranchiae (Diptera: Culicidae) from Tunisia
Background: Despite the public health importance of Anopheles (An.) labranchiae, their resistance status to temephos insecticide has not, to our knowledge, been explored.Objectives: The present study was carried out to determine the temephos resistance status of field populations of An. labranchiae from Tunisia.Methods: Six field populations of An. labranchiae were collected as larvae from breeding sites of Northern and Central Tunisia. All the tests were carried out according to the WHO method.Results: Results reported that the majority of field populations showed low and medium resistance ratios (6.2<RR50< 29.8) to temephos insecticide tested except for the strain # 1 which had interestingly a very high resistance with RR50 of 624 never detected in Tunisia and North Africa even on other species of mosquitoes.Conclusion: The resistance ratios of this species were higher than recorded in other countries. Biochemical and molecular studies would be of great importance to identify the mechanisms involved in the recorded resistance to temephos.Keywords: Anopheles labranchiae, temephos insecticide, Tunisia
Vers un modĂšle de Recherche d'Information Sociale pour l'accĂšs aux ressources bibliographiques
National audienceCet article propose une nouvelle approche, basée sur les réseaux sociaux, pour l'accÚs aux ressources bibliographiques. Nous introduisons un modÚle d'information sociale dont les auteurs sont les principales entités et les relations sont extraites à partir des liens de coauteur et de citation. En effet, ces relations sont pondérées à l'aide d'une mesure d'entropie qui tient compte des interactions au voisinage social du document et des annotations sociales produites par les utilisateurs. Dans ce modÚle, la pertinence d'un document est calculée par combinaison de la pertinence thématique et de la pertinence dérivée de l'importance sociale des auteurs associés. Nous montrons la viabilité de notre modÚle par une série d'expérimentations basées sur une collection d'articles scientifiques dont les annotation sociales sont collectées depuis le réseau social académique "CiteULike.org"
Conception d'une commande robuste pour une ressource de production : approche flux-qualité
National audienceNous nous intĂ©ressons, dans cet article, Ă la robustesse des ressources de production des SystĂšmes Flexibles de Production ManufacturiĂšre. Une mĂ©thodologie de construction d'une commande robuste gĂ©nĂ©rant les marges de robustesse passive et active de flux et de qualitĂ© de produit au sein d'une mĂȘme ressource est Ă©laborĂ©e. La redondance de la robustesse des paramĂštres Ă©lĂ©mentaires de flux et de qualitĂ© entre passive et active est exploitĂ©e. Les rĂ©seaux de Petri Ă Intervalles sont utilisĂ©s pour la modĂ©lisation. Dans ce but, un ensemble de lemmes sont engagĂ©s et affirmĂ©s par un exemple applicatif
Cohomology of acting on the space of bilinear differential operators on the superspace
We compute the first cohomology of the ortosymplectic Lie superalgebra
on the (1,1)-dimensional real superspace with
coefficients in the superspace of bilinear
differential operators acting on weighted densities. This work is the simplest
superization of a result by Bouarroudj [Cohomology of the vector fields Lie
algebras on acting on bilinear differential operators,
International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics
(2005), {\bf 2}; N 1, 23-40]
Optimized Neural Networks-PID Controller with Wind Rejection Strategy for a Quad-Rotor
In this paper a full approach of modeling and intelligent control of a four rotor unmanned air vehicle (UAV) known as quad-rotor aircraft is presented. In fact, a PID on-line optimized Neural Networks Approach (PID-NN) is developed to be applied to angular trajectories control of a quad-rotor. Whereas, PID classical controllers are dedicated for the positions, altitude and speed control. The goal of this work is to concept a smart Self-Tuning PID controller, for attitude angles control, based on neural networks able to supervise the quad-rotor for an optimized behavior while tracking a desired trajectory. Many challenges could arise if the quad-rotor is navigating in hostile environments presenting irregular disturbances in the form of wind modeled and applied to the overall system. The quad-rotor has to quickly perform tasks while ensuring stability and accuracy and must behave rapidly with regards to decision making facing disturbances. This technique oïŹers some advantages over conventional control methods such as PID controller. Simulation results are founded on a comparative study between PID and PID-NN controllers based on wind disturbances. These later are applied with several degrees of strength to test the quad-rotor behavior and stability. These simulation results are satisfactory and have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed PD-NN approach. In fact, the proposed controller has relatively smaller errors than the PD controller and has a better capability to reject disturbances. In addition, it has proven to be highly robust and efficient face to turbulences in the form of wind disturbances
Recommended from our members
Timeline of Initial Perceptions and Adoption of e-Business Among Quebec Forestry Sector SMEs
The present business environment is demanding and has forced companies to use information technology (IT) to remain competitive. E-business capabilities are currently one of the most salient factors that offer competitive advantage for most firms. This paper examines the evolution of the adoption of e-business practices between 2002 and 2009 from perception to actual adoption by small and medium size enterprises (SMEs) in the forestry sector in Quebec, Canada. A binary logistic regression analysis of survey data demonstrated the low rate of adoption of these technologies in this group. This research found that while firm size is the most influential factor for e-business solution adopters, location is also a vital factor. Firms in metropolitan areas adopt e-business solutions faster and in higher volume than firms do in rural areas. Thus, this paper highlights those factors that can influence the adoption of e-business practices in Quebec forestry-sector SMEs
Contre Daech : la protection des populations civiles Ă lâĂ©preuve des conflits entre le droit musulman et le droit international humanitaire.
Dans cet article lâauteur vise Ă dĂ©construire le discours des groupes terroristes en dĂ©montrant les ressemblances qui existent entre les rĂšgles humanitaires protĂ©geant les civils contre les effets des hostilitĂ©s telles quâelles sont dĂ©veloppĂ©es par la tradition musulmane et par le droit international humanitaire contemporain. Lâauteur dĂ©fend lâidĂ©e selon laquelle les rĂšgles du droit international humanitaire sont violĂ©es en Syrie, en Irak et ailleurs, non pas parce quâelles sont, aux dires de ces groupes, une crĂ©ation occidentale ou coloniale mais tout simplement parce que ces groupes, ayant perdu tous « les repĂšres sur les limites du licite » ne respectent aucune rĂšgle protĂ©geant les civils y compris celles consacrĂ©es par la tradition religieuse musulmane.In this article, the author aims to deconstruct the discourse of terrorist groups by demonstrating the similar arguments developed in both Muslim tradition and in contemporary international humanitarian law that advocate the protection of civilians against the effects of hostilities. The author defends the idea that principles of international humanitarian law are being violated in Syria, in Iraq and elsewhere because terrorist groups, « having lost all frames of reference regarding the limits of the lawful », are not respecting any rules protecting civilians including those enshrined in the Muslim religious tradition. He thus disputes these groupsâ claims that these international humanitarian standards can be disregarded because they are western and colonial creationÂ
- âŠ