The census of complex organic molecules in the solar type protostar IRAS16293-2422

Complex Organic Molecules (COMs) are considered crucial molecules, since they are connected with organic chemistry, at the basis of the terrestrial life. More pragmatically, they are molecules in principle difficult to synthetize in the harsh interstellar environments and, therefore, a crucial test for astrochemical models. Current models assume that several COMs are synthesised on the lukewarm grain surfaces ($\gtrsim$30-40 K), and released in the gas phase at dust temperatures $\gtrsim$100 K. However, recent detections of COMs in $\lesssim$20 K gas demonstrate that we still need important pieces to complete the puzzle of the COMs formation. We present here a complete census of the oxygen and nitrogen bearing COMs, previously detected in different ISM regions, towards the solar type protostar IRAS16293-2422. The census was obtained from the millimeter-submillimeter unbiased spectral survey TIMASSS. Six COMs, out of the 29 searched for, were detected: methyl cyanide, ketene, acetaldehyde, formamide, dimethyl ether, and methyl formate. The multifrequency analysis of the last five COMs provides clear evidence that they are present in the cold ($\lesssim$30 K) envelope of IRAS16293-2422, with abundances 0.03-2 $\times 10^{-10}$. Our data do not allow to support the hypothesis that the COMs abundance increases with increasing dust temperature in the cold envelope, as expected if COMs were predominately formed on the lukewarm grain surfaces. Finally, when considering also other ISM sources, we find a strong correlation over five orders of magnitude, between the methyl formate and dimethyl ether and methyl formate and formamide abundances, which may point to a link between these two couples of species, in cold and warm gas

Affective Factors on Reliability of Laboratory Tests Based on ISO 17025:2005

تعد معولية الفحوصات المختبرية الركيزة الأساسية في الجانب التطبيقي لجودة المشاريع إلانشائية، إذ لا يمكن قبول أو رفض المواد إلانشائية المستخدمة في تلك المشاريع إلاٌ بعد مرورها بالفحص المختبري الذي يتم بموجبه القبول أو الرفض لتلك المواد. أن العديد من المنظمات أخذت بالسعي نحو تحقيق الميزة التنافسية، وذلك بتقديم خدماتها بجودة عالية من خلال تطبيقها معايير إدارة الجودة الشاملة، فكان من الضروري للمختبرات إلانشائية تبني أدارة الجودة اسلوبا في عملها، لاسيما تطبيق معايير المواصفة العالمية ISO 17025:2005 مما يحسن أداء هذه المختبرات من الناحية الإدارية والفنية. يتضمن هذا البحث دراسة إحصائية لعينة من المختبرات إلانشائية وشركات المقاولات إلانشائية ودوائر تنفيذ المشاريع في بعض المؤسسات الحكومية، لتحديد العوامل المؤثرة على معولية (موثوقية) الفحوصات المختبرية، واثبتت النتائج لكل محور هي (مؤثرة، مؤثرة جدا) بحسب ما تم وضع ارقام إليها إذ ستقدم المنهجية المتبعة في البحث توصيات ومقترحات تساعد الكوادر العاملة في المختبرات بالتركيز على العوامل المؤثرة على معولية الفحوصات والتعامل معها على وفق معايير المواصفة العالمية ISO 17025:2005.The reliability of the laboratory tests is the main pillar in the applied side of the quality of the construction projects. The construction materials used in these projects cannot be accepted or rejected until they have passed the laboratory examination according to which these materials are accepted or rejected.. Many organizations have sought to achieve the competitive advantage by providing high quality services through the implementation of the overall quality management standards. It was necessary for the construction laboratories to adopt the quality management method in their work, in particular the application of the standards of ISO 17025: 2005, Which improve the performance of these laboratories in terms of administrative and technical. This research includes a statistical study of a sample of construction laboratories, construction contracting companies and project implementation entities in some government departments to determine the factors affecting the reliability of the laboratory tests. The methodology used in the research will provide recommendations and suggestions to help the laboratory staff focus on the factors influencing the Reliability of tests and handling them according to the  ISO 17025: 2005

Evaluation the effectiveness of a non-chopped basalt fiber and water-based of isocyanate-polyester polyol prepolymer on the properties of cement fiberboard

Abstract Cement board reinforced with basalt fibers were prepared by using polymer compounds, 5% of water-based of isocyanate-polyester polyol prepolymer blend was used as a fixed percentage, and the rates of basalt fıber used were 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5%, and for each of them used water/cement ratios (W/C) as 1.4, 1, 0.75, 0.4, and 0.5 respectively. The sample cured for 28 days, and the mechanical and physical properties of cement fiberboard were greatly improved due to additional fibers in cement compounds, the tests procedures of properties were carried out according to ASTM standard c-1185. It results reveals that 12.5% is the best percentage, in bending resistance, water absorption percentage, and the moisture content have improved, but it showed less thermal conductivity compared to other ratios, furthermore the compressive strength was improved. It is essential to indicate when increasing the polymer ratio, leads to a certain decrease in mechanical properties but improves the wetting surface of the basalt fibers and adhesion to cement. Therefore, a 5% polymers ratio chooses and the basalt fıber mix proportions changed to enhance the mechanical and physical properties of fiber boar

Effect montmorillonite clay as aggregate in lightweight concrete cement-free

Light weight concrete has many advantages that can be used in the construction of buildings. Perhaps one of the most important of these features is its light weight, which contributes a lot to reducing stress on the soil, which provides the possibility of rising buildings and increasing the number of floors. In addition to its role in thermal insulation and its impact on reducing the consumption of energy sources in cooling and heating, light weight concrete is considered one of the sustainability factors in buildings. One of the second major factors in sustainability is to reduce or avoid the use of cement in the manufacture of this concrete, because of the harmful effects of cement on the environment and global warming. Cement-free concrete is considered a sustainable material in terms of its depletion of the waste materials and spin-off products from different industries apposite of consumption of natural resources in the cement industry (mud, limestone). In this research first aim is to produce lightweight cement-free concrete using pozolanic material and montmorillonite clay as coarse and fine aggregate. Studying some properties of producing light weight concrete (density, compression, tensile,) with different ages (7, 28, 56) days

The Impact of Financial Determinants On Bank Deposits Using ARDL Model

The purpose of this research is to quantify the impact of macroeconomic factors on Jordanian bank deposits in the context of the CoVD-19 epidemic. The annual data are collected between 1980 and 2020. The novel Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model is suggested to evaluate the link between bank deposits and macroeconomic factors. The findings of Grangers causality test indicate that there is a one-way causal link between deposits and macroeconomic factors. Moreover, the study shows no causal link between financial shocks and bank deposits. In addition, the border test investigates the existence of a long-term equilibrium between variables. To attain long-term equilibrium, the imbalance in the short-term equilibrium is adjusted at a rate of 11.6%. Based on the Theil test, the new model is suitable for econometric difficulties and predictability

The Role of Green Activity-Based Costing in Achieving Sustainability Development: Evidence From Iraq

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the effects of applying green activity-based costing (GABC) on the Sustainability Development of companies.   Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework included highlight on environmental issues, and the role of Modern methods of Cost and managerial accounting in reducing the harmful effects of industrial waste.   Design/methodology/approach: there are variety of reasons to carry out the study; including regulatory compliance, sustainable consumption, public perception, potential competitive advantages, and the impact of Sustainability Development on economic performance, stakeholders are urging or requiring organizations to be more ecologically conscious with regard to their products and operations. In order to accomplish the study's goals, it was implemented at the Basra Oil Refinery and based on actual data from the study sample's activity. method was relied upon distribution of costs based on green activity, the identification of its effects on the facility's Sustainability Development, and the creation of a model for the use of GABC.   Findings: According to the results of the experimental study, the study's findings that GABC may be used to assign expenditures based on green activity and to show how it affects both economic and Sustainability Development.   Research, Practical & Social implications: Because all manufacturing and consumption activities have some sort of negative impact on the environment during the creation, use, and disposal phases of their respective value chains, environmental management issues have recently been linked to the economy.   Originality/value: The research value of our current study, by employ modern methods of commissioning accounting in Iraqi manufacturing companies

Detecting Sticky Costs in Iraqi Industrial Companies an Empirical Study of a Sample of Iraqi Companies Registered on Iraq Stock Exchange

Purpose: This research aims to reveal the sticky costs in Iraqi joint stock companies.   Theoretical framework: Sticky costs refer to the costs that increase with the increase in revenues by a greater amount than their decrease in exchange for a similar decrease in revenues. To manage cost, it is important to understand and know the behavior of cost.   Design/methodology/approach: This research uses inductive and descriptive analytical methods that is commonly used in applied and field studies on accounting and management issues, as well as in literature and empirical studies to verify research proposals. This study adopted multiple logarithmic linear regression analysis estimated by ordinary least squares (OLS) to examine asymmetrical behavior of selling costs, general and administrative costs, and costs of goods sold individually and collectively (total costs) for a sample (101) of published lists of Iraqi joint stock companies registered in Iraqi Stock Exchange for the period 2010-2019.   Findings: The results showed that sticky behavior of selling and general and administrative costs and their components is a common phenomenon in cost behavior of Iraqi joint stock companies during the study period, while costs of goods sold, and total costs are not. The latter may have been showing anti-sticky behavior.   Research, Practical & Social implications: Our work contrasts the conventional model of cost behaviour, in which costs move proportionately with changes in activity, with an alternative model, in which sticky costs emerge. This is because managers consciously shift the resources devoted to activities.   Originality/value: The sticky cost research that has been done in relation to the initial sticky cost research, particularly in industrialised nations like the UAS, Uk, and Canada, is the main emphasis of this study. Future research will take into account how sticky research is developing in any other nations, which could expand our understanding of sticky cost research as a whole

Numerical assessment of heat sink for pressure sensor connections

Pressure sensors, converting pressure force to electrical outputs such as 4-20 mA or 0-10 V, are used in a vast variety of areas while being facing numerous challenging thermal conditions. A common way is to design a heat sink for establishing natural convection cooling to protect the sensor. This work assesses a heat sink design and conveys its performance as a heat sink for an application interval. Special orientation as well as design geometry is introduced. Computational fluid dynamics were utilized for evaluation and assessment. A core region of heat transfer was identified. Natural convection wake boundaries were detected. It is concluded that the design can successfully protect the pressure sensor at the pressure tap. Future projections and aspects are also described in the paper

Shedding light on the formation of the pre-biotic molecule formamide with ASAI

Formamide (NH2CHO) has been proposed as a pre-biotic precursor with a key role in the emergence of life on Earth. While this molecule has been observed in space, most of its detections correspond to high-mass star-forming regions. Motivated by this lack of investigation in the low-mass regime, we searched for formamide, as well as isocyanic acid (HNCO), in 10 low- and intermediate-mass pre-stellar and protostellar objects. The present work is part of the IRAM Large Programme ASAI (Astrochemical Surveys At IRAM), which makes use of unbiased broadband spectral surveys at millimetre wavelengths. We detected HNCO in all the sources and NH2CHO in five of them. We derived their abundances and analysed them together with those reported in the literature for high-mass sources. For those sources with formamide detection, we found a tight and almost linear correlation between HNCO and NH2CHO abundances, with their ratio being roughly constant -between 3 and 10- across 6 orders of magnitude in luminosity. This suggests the two species are chemically related. The sources without formamide detection, which are also the coldest and devoid of hot corinos, fall well off the correlation, displaying a much larger amount of HNCO relative to NH2CHO. Our results suggest that, while HNCO can be formed in the gas phase during the cold stages of star formation, NH2CHO forms most efficiently on the mantles of dust grains at these temperatures, where it remains frozen until the temperature rises enough to sublimate the icy grain mantles. We propose hydrogenation of HNCO as a likely formation route leading to NH2CHO.Comment: 26 pages, 9 figures. Accepted by Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Societ

A rare case of isolated duodenal metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma associated with p53 and ki-67 expression: a case report

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary tumor of the liver worldwide. The incidence of HCC is increasing in North America secondary to rises in chronic liver disease from alcohol abuse and viral hepatitis. HCC most commonly metastasizes hematogenously or through lymphatics to the lungs and regional lymph nodes. Involvement of small bowel is rare and typically results from direct invasion and extension. We examined the molecular features related to this extremely rare case of isolated duodenal metastasis of HCC and noted p53 and Ki-67 positive staining. Here, we review the possible molecular and immunohistochemical studies that may aid definitive diagnosis and the evidence for the management of metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma