Pretending to Upset the Balance: Old Chief v. United States and Exclusion of Prior Felony Conviction Evidence Under Federal Rule of Evidence 403

The story of an event is often more interesting and informative than the mere fact that the event occurred. Aesop\u27s morals would not be as captivating without the fables that accompany them. The fables tell the reader a story embodying a moral truth. On election night, the ballot tally proves which candidate won, but the voter is interested more in the story of the campaign trail that put the candidate in office rather than a naked statistic comparing voting percentages. The story gives not only the bare idea or fact; it mixes this bare idea or fact with the supporting factual information, making it easier to understand

Casting the Net: Another Confusing Analysis of Personal Jurisdiction and Internet Contacts in Telco Communications v. An Apple A Day

The fascination of the Internet and cyberspace is its sense of boundlessness. A user seemingly can go anywhere, be anyone, and do anything in a virtual world of information and interactivity. Actions on-line, however, often may have real world ramifications. The demarcation line between the physical and cyberspace worlds is not so pronounced that actions occurring in one have no effect in the other

Lesioning of the Nucleus of the Hippocampal Commissure Followed by Food Deprivation Stress in Birds Demonstrates Simultaneous Involvement in both the Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis and the Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis

The hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is the regulatory system for the neuroendocrine stress response within vertebrates. Within the HPA axis corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) is a major regulator and driving hormone. A structure named the nucleus of the hippocampal commissure (NHpC) has been found to contain CRH neurons and also these neurons respond to early food deprivation stress significantly prior to the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), the major driving nucleus of the classic neuroendocrine HPA axis. The objective of this study was to perform a knock down of the NHpC via electrolytic lesioning, thus eliminating a significant portion of its population of CRH neurons. An experiment was designed to determine whether the elimination of CRH neurons within the NHpC would have a significant effect on HPA function following exposure of broiler chicks to food deprivation (FD). Male chicks (BW 300-350g, 10-14 d) were used in this experiment and split into 3 groups: 1) Sham surgical controls without FD (SHAM), 2) Sham surgical birds with 2h FD stress (SHAM+FD), and 3) Birds subjected to electrolytic lesioning and 2h FD (LES+FD). Blood, brain and anterior pituitary (APit) were sampled promptly from each bird at 2h of FD for the LES+FD and SHAM+FD groups and intermittently for SHAM CON birds. RT-PCR was performed for gene expression within the NHpC, PVN and anterior pituitary (APit) and a radioimmunoassay was performed to determine plasma corticosterone (CORT) concentrations. All RT-PCR data were analyzed with the Tukey Kramer HSD test and all CORT data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Electrolytic lesioning of the NHpC significantly reduced plasma CORT in the LES+FD group compared to intact levels in the SHAM+FD group. Decreased CORT occurred concurrently with decreased amounts of CRH mRNA within the NHpC of the LES + FD group. Supporting this, Proopiomelanocortin heteronuclear RNA (POMC hnRNA) within the APit was significantly downregulated. Interestingly, PVN CRH levels were found to be significantly decreased in the LES+FD group of birds with no lesioning of the PVN itself. Results suggest a possible neural connection from the NHpC to the PVN exists, resulting in down regulation of CRH expression in the PVN. Corticotropin releasing hormone receptor 2 (CRHR2) was found to be significantly downregulated within the PVN and APit in the LES+FD group of birds. Thyroid stimulating hormone beta (TSHβ) was also downregulated along with CRHR2 in the PVN and APit suggesting that CRHR2 expression within the PVN could be an important part of the hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis. In conclusion, lesioning the NHpC had a significant effect on the HPA axis. CRH neurons within the NHpC and/or PVN had a significant effect on the HPA and/or HPT axes

Modifications Necessary for Commercial Arbitration Law to Protect Statutory Rights Against Discrimination in Employment: A Discussion and Proposals for Change

Published in cooperation with the American Bar Association Section of Dispute Resolutio

Use of L-arginine and salts thereof in drinking water for the prevention and/or treatment of pulmonary hypertension syndrome in avians

Describes a method of treating or preventing pulmonary hypertension syndrome in avians, generally including administering a drinking water containing L-arginine

Characterization of bacterial communities associated with Brassica napus L. growing on a Zn-contaminated soil and their effects on root growth

peerreview_statement: The publishing and review policy for this title is described in its Aims & Scope. aims_and_scope_url: http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=bijp20The attached document is the author's final accepted/submitted version of the journal article. You are advised to consult the publisher's version if you wish to cite from it

Evaluation of selected chemical processes for production of low-cost silicon phase 2. silicon material task, low-cost silicon solar array project

Progress from October 1, 1977, through December 31, 1977, is reported in the design of the 50 MT/year experimental facility for the preparation of high purity silicon by the zinc vapor reduction of silicon tetrachloride in a fluidized bed of seed particles to form a free flowing granular product

Increasing the reference populations for the 55 AISNP panel: the need and benefits

Ancestry inference for an individual can only be as good as the reference populations with allele frequency data on the SNPs being used. If the most relevant ancestral population(s) does not have data available for the SNPs studied, then analyses based on DNA evidence may indicate a quite distantly related population, albeit one among the more closely related of the existing reference populations. We have added reference population allele frequencies for 14 additional population samples (with >1100 individuals studied) to the 125 population samples previously published for the Kidd Lab 55 AISNP panel. Allele frequencies are now publicly available for all 55 SNPs in ALFRED and FROG-kb for a total of 139 population samples. This Kidd Lab panel of 55 ancestry informative SNPs has been incorporated in commercial kits by both ThermoFisher Scientific and Illumina for massively parallel sequencing. Researchers employing those kits will find the enhanced set of reference populations useful

Assessing Dietary Branched-Chain Amino Acids to Achieve Linear Programming Goals through Model Extrapolation and Empirical Research

Renewed interest, especially in the United States, has sparked in assessing branched-chain amino acid interactions in practical diets for broilers. Indeed, as L-valine enters formulation bird nitrogen excesses are reduced as diet protein falls to the new first limiting amino acid (e.g., isoleucine, arginine, or tryptophan). For a United States based example, the result is less oilseeds and more gains, which typically result in increased inclusions in corn or corn by-products, coupled with a concomitant increase in dietary leucine. The proceedings outline the foundations of the branched-chain amino acid early research, antagonism studies, and a meta-analysis conducted on publications with Cobb and Ross birds from 2000 to present. Results indicate that branched-chain amino acid interactions can occur in broilers fed on practical diets, and that responses vary by strain

Measurement of the half-life of the T=12\frac{1}{2} mirror decay of 19^{19}Ne and its implication on physics beyond the standard model

The $\frac{1}{2}^+ \rightarrow \frac{1}{2}^+$ superallowed mixed mirror decay of $^{19}$Ne to $^{19}$F is excellently suited for high precision studies of the weak interaction. However, there is some disagreement on the value of the half-life. In a new measurement we have determined this quantity to be $T_{1/2}$ = $17.2832 \pm 0.0051_{(stat)}$ $\pm 0.0066_{(sys)}$ s, which differs from the previous world average by 3 standard deviations. The impact of this measurement on limits for physics beyond the standard model such as the presence of tensor currents is discussed.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, 1 tabl