Spray freeze dried large porous particles for nano drug delivery by inhalation

INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial infection caused by Mycobaterium tuberculosis. TB has recently reemerged as a disease of interest for improved drug delivery, with a focus on leveraging the benefits of anti-tubercular drug nanoparticle formulation (1, 2). Drug nanoparticles can target infected cells and provide a large payload, but the optimal administration route remains uncertain (3). While oral formulations are most preferred, the passage of nanoparticles across the gastrointesintal tract is challenging. On the other hand, intravenous injection of nanosuspen…postprin

Moment-based fast discrete sine transforms

This paper presents a novel approach to compute discrete sine transforms (DSTs). By using a modular mapping, DSTs are approximated by the sum of a finite sequence of discrete moments. Hence, by extending our earlier technique in computing moments with an adder network only, DSTs can also be implemented easily by a systolic array primarily involving additions. The method can be applied to multidimensional DSTs as well as their inverses.published_or_final_versio

A novel approach to fast discrete Hartley transform

The Discrete Hartley transform (DHT) is an important tool in digital signal processing. We propose a novel approach to perform DHT. We transform DHT into a form expressed in discrete moments via a modular mapping and truncating Taylor series expansion and present a completely new formula for computing DHT. We extend the use of our systolic array for fast computation of moments without any multiplications, to one that computes DHT with only a few multiplications and without any evaluations of triangular functions. The multiplication number used in our method is O(Nlog2N/log2log2N) superior to O(Nlog 2N) in the conventional FDT. The execution time of the systolic array is only O(Nlog2N/log2log2N) for 1-D DHT and O(N k) for k-D DHT (k⩾2). The systolic array consists of very simple processing elements and hence it implies an easy and potential hardware/VLSI implementation. The approach is also applicable to DHT inverses.published_or_final_versio

High-temperature magnetic anomaly in the Kitaev hyperhoneycomb compound β-Li2IrO3

We report the existence of a high-temperature magnetic anomaly in the three-dimensional Kitaev candidate material, β-Li2IrO3. Signatures of the anomaly appear in magnetization, heat capacity, and muon spin relaxation measurements. The onset coincides with a reordering of the principal axes of magnetization, which is thought to be connected to the onset of Kitaev-like correlations in the system. The anomaly also shows magnetic hysteresis with a spatially anisotropic magnitude that follows the spin-anisotropic exchange anisotropy of the underlying Kitaev Hamiltonian. We discuss possible scenarios for a bulk and impurity origin

Adaptive neural network filter for visual evoked potential estimation

The authors describe a new approach to enhance the signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) of visual evoked potential (VEP) based on an adaptive neural network filter. Neural networks are usually used in an nonadaptive way. The weights in the neural network are adjusted during training but remain constant in actual use. Here, the authors use an adaptive neural network filter with adaptation capabilities similar to those of the traditional linear adaptive filter and suitable training scheme is also examined. In contrast with linear adaptive filters, adaptive neural network filters possess nonlinear characteristics which can better match the nonlinear behaviour of evoked potential signals. Simulations employing VEP signals obtained experimentally confirm the superior performance of the adaptive neural network filter against traditional linear adaptive filter.published_or_final_versio

Giant magnetoelectric effect of a hybrid of magnetostrictive and piezoelectric composites

Author name used in this publication: H. L. W. Chand2002-2003 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishe

Magnetoelectric properties of a heterostructure of magnetostrictive and piezoelectric composites

2004-2005 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishe

Improved electrical properties of Ge metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitor with HfTa-based gate dielectric by using TaOxNy interlayer

HfTa-based oxide and oxynitride with or without Ta Ox Ny interlayer are fabricated on Ge substrate to form metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) capacitors. Their electrical properties and reliabilities are measured and compared. The results show that the MOS capacitor with a gate stack of HfTa-based oxynitride and thin Ta Ox Ny interlayer exhibits low interface-state/oxide-charge densities, low gate leakage, small hysteresis, small capacitance equivalent thickness (∼0.94 nm), and high dielectric constant (∼24). All these should be attributed to the blocking role of the Ta Ox Ny interlayer against penetration of O into the Ge substrate and interdiffusions of Hf, Ge, and Ta, thus effectively suppressing the formation of unstable low- k Ge Ox and giving a superior Ta Ox Ny Ge interface. Moreover, incorporation of N into both the interlayer and high- k dielectric greatly improves device reliability through the formation of strong N-related bonds. © 2008 American Institute of Physics.published_or_final_versio

Effects of molecular association on mutual diffusion : a study of hydrogen bonding in dilute solutions

Author name used in this publication: T. C. ChanVersion of RecordPublishe

Asymptotic behaviour of estimators of the parameters of nearly unstable INAR(1) models

A sequence of first-order integer-valued autoregressive type (INAR(1)) processes is investigated, where the autoregressive type coefficients converge to 1. It is shown that the limiting distribution of the joint conditional least squares estimators for this coefficient and for the mean of the innovation is normal. Consequences for sequences of Galton{Watson branching processes with unobservable immigration, where the mean of the offspring distribution converges to 1 (which is the critical value), are discussed