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Artiklen sætter Ludwig Wittgenstein ind i en rationalitetsdiskussion. Rationalitetsspørgsmålet er vigtigt for filosofien, idet det er forbundet med den filosofiske praksis og dens fremtid. Der kortlægges en omfattende kontekst og det påvises hvorledes den sene Wittgenstein uafvidende har rehabiliteret Aristoteles’ begreb om praktisk rationalitet ved sin idelige insisteren på forrangen af praksis

Wittgenstein. The Philosopher and his Works

This wide-ranging collection of essays contains eighteen original articles by authors representing some of the most important recent work on Wittgenstein. It deals with questions pertaining to both the interpretation and application of Wittgenstein’s thought and the editing of his works. Regarding the latter, it also addresses issues concerning scholarly electronic publishing. The collection is accompanied by a comprehensive introduction which lays out the content and arguments of each contribution. Contributors: Knut Erik Tranøy, Lars Hertzberg, Georg Henrik von Wright, Marie McGinn, Cora Diamond, James Conant, David G. Stern, Eike von Savigny, P.M.S. Hacker, Hans-Johann Glock, Allan Janik, Kristóf Nyíri, Antonia Soulez, Brian McGuinness, Anthony Kenny, Joachim Schulte, Herbert Hrachovec, Cameron McEwen

Emotion, engineering and ethics

Adopting Martha Nussbaum's view provides grounds for recognizing those bursts of anger or delight and the responses to them that alter the course of development of engineering projects. Her case supports the view that our emotions offer authentic thoughts about authentic situations, and by ignoring emotions engineering judgments are liable to be deficient. At worst, without reflection an emotion hides an influential unarticulated and mistaken belief. But at best an emotion can be taken to be an indicator of relevant components of ethical arguments supporting an engineering project and the significance attributed to them. So we might expect virtuous engineers to be aware of their emotions, of ways in which they exploit the emotions of others, to reflect on those emotions and to use the knowledge gained in their judgments. To be effective within this emotional soup they will have to be self-aware, articulate,persuasive and above all empathetic

Effect of laser frequency noise on fiber-optic frequency reference distribution

The effect of the linewidth of a single longitude-mode laser on the frequency stability of a frequency reference transmitted over a single-mode optical fiber is analyzed. The interaction of the random laser frequency deviations with the dispersion of the optical fiber is considered to determine theoretically the effect on the Allan deviation (square root of the Allan variance) of the transmitted frequency reference. It is shown that the magnitude of this effect may determine the limit of the ultimate stability possible for frequency reference transmission on optical fiber, but is not a serious limitation to present system performance

50 Years After Wittgenstein’s Vienna. On Wittgenstein, Toulmin and Philosophy. Tomasz Zarębski in Conversation With Allan Janik

In this interview, Tomasz Zarębski speaks with Allan Janik, co-author of Wittgenstein’s Vienna (1973, with Stephen Toulmin), on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the publication of this pathbreaking book. The conversation concerns the circumstances, motivations and reasons for his undertaking the work on the book, as well as its reception and place in Wittgenstein scholarship. A large part of the discussion refers to his perspective of Wittgenstein, Toulmin’s philosophical writings, and Janik’s own vision of philosophy. The interview took place in Innsbruck on 23rd and 25th August 2023

Wittgenstein, Modern Physics and Zeilinger‘s Pronouncement, or How Naive Was Wittgenstein? (Revised and Updated)

This paper examines the almost ineradicable misconception of Wittgenstein's alleged antagonism to science as evidenced through some characteristic disparaging comments by world-renowned scientists, notably by Anton Zeilinger. Above all, he criticizes Wittgenstein on the basis of the opening sentence of the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, "The world is all that is the case", which he regards as expressing *"the naive world-view"*1 of a *"typical philosopher of classical physics"*. He proposes an extension in agreement with the findings of quantum theory, namely by the clause *"… and all that can be the case"* (Zeilinger 2003, 231). It will become apparent, however, that this amplification is redundant, that Wittgenstein was in tune with modern physics, that a surprising number of his philosophical concepts are in agreement with it, and that various quantum pundits consider them to be relevant

language as metaphor

Mauthner esteemed language as a philosophical inquiry. He measured the philosophical entailments between language and reality and the consequent knowledge produced by such entailments. He questioned language’s aptitude to express and represent reality and, according to him, language is a critical source of knowledge and an unfaithful representation of reality, because there is a gap between language and reality, i.e. language distorts perception and engenders false and fictitious assumptions about reality. Language fosters superstition, creates gods and idols and exerts a dominating power over the intellect. Mauthner pointed out a critique of language based on metaphors, which would serve to address and clarify the deformation of reality. Wittgenstein, unlike himself suggested, was inspired by Mauthner. Both showed interest toward the critical analysis of language and there are many conceptual similarities between their language’s conceptions (e.g. concerning the use of metaphors to understand language). Therefore, this paper seeks a) to emphasize Mauthner’s metaphors on language as an accurate interpretation regarding the philosophical entailments between language and reality, and b) to demonstrate the epistemological legacy of Mauthner’s critique of language to Wittgenstein’s philosophy of language.Mauthner encarava a linguagem como uma investigação filosófica. Assim, mediu os vínculos filosóficos entre linguagem e realidade e o consequente conhecimento produzido por tais vínculos e questionou a aptidão da linguagem para expressar e representar a realidade. Segundo Mauthner, a linguagem é uma fonte crítica de conhecimento e uma representação infiel da realidade, dado que há uma lacuna entre linguagem e realidade, ou seja, a linguagem distorce a perceção e engendra premissas falsas e fictícias sobre a realidade. A linguagem acolhe superstições, cria deuses e ídolos e exerce um poder dominante sobre o intelecto. Mauthner apontou uma crítica da linguagem baseada em metáforas, que serviriam para abordar e clarificar a deformação da realidade. Wittgenstein, ao contrário do que sugeriu, foi inspirado por Mauthner. Ambos mostraram interesse relativamente à análise crítica da linguagem e existem muitas semelhanças concetuais entre as suas conceções do idioma (por exemplo, sobre o uso de metáforas para entender a linguagem). Assim, este artigo procura a) enfatizar as metáforas de Mauthner sobre a linguagem como uma interpretação precisa sobre os vínculos filosóficos entre linguagem e realidade, e b) demonstrar o legado epistemológico da crítica de Mauthner da linguagem à filosofia da linguagem de Wittgenstein