570 research outputs found
What are the important landscape components for habitat selection of the ortolan bunting Emberiza hortulana in northern limit of range?
Ortolan buntings Emberiza hotulana have undergone one of the most severe population declines of any European farmland bird over the last thirty years. The aim of this study was to find out which habitat features, including crop characteristics, ortolan bunting prefers in Estonia in breeding areas. This study compared currently occupied and unoccupied ortolan bunting territories. Occupied areas contained significantly more tall broadleaf trees, crop types, structural elements (trees, bushes, roads, overhead power lines and buildings) and spring wheat, but also had lower crop drilling densities. Ortolan bunting territories were best described by a logistic regression model containing six variables: amount of structural point elements, length of power lines, amount of tall broadleaf trees and number of different crops had a positive effect, whereas crop density and area of autumn-sown crops had a negative effect. Based on the findings of this study, the following conservation measures can be recommended: lower crop densities; spring rather than autumn-sown crops; small-field systems containing a variety of crops; scattered scrub preserved or planted; habitat patches of permanent grasslands, hedges and tall broadleaf trees retained within the agricultural landscape
Ălekoormusest pĂ”hjustatud hĂ€bemeliidusepĂ”letik â osteitis pubis
Eesti Arst 2012; 91(8):44
Ebastabiilne pÔis
Ebastabiilne pĂ”is (EP) on sage kliiniline sĂŒndroom, mis esineb erinevas vanuses naistel ja meestel ning mis hĂ”lmab mitmeid uriini kogumisfaasi kaebuseid, millel on olulised meditsiinilised, sotsiaalsed ja hĂŒgieenilised tagajĂ€rjed, ning mis mĂ”jutab oluliselt patsiendi elukvaliteeti. Keskne kaebus EP korral on Ă€kki tekkiv pakiline urineerimisvajadus, mis ei allu inimese tahtele. EP mĂ”iste hĂ”lmab erineva pĂ”hjuse ja tekkemehhanismiga seisundeid, eristada vĂ”ib neurogeenset, sekundaarset (pĂ”letik, kivi, obstruktsioon jt) ja idiopaatilist vormi. Esmatasandi arstil on enamikul juhtudest vĂ”imalik seisundit edukalt diagnoosida, kasutades lihtsaid ja kĂ€ttesaadavaid vahendeid nagu anamnees, objektiivne leid ja urineerimispĂ€evik. EP ravi on kompleksne, alates elustiili muutustest kuni medikamentoosse ravini. Saadaval on mitmed tĂ”estatud efektiivsusega kolinoblokaatorid, mille seast saab valida sobiva hinna, tĂ”hususe ja kĂ”rvaltoimete suhtega preparaadi. Uroloogi konsultatsioon on nĂ€idustatud esmase ravi ebaefektiivsuse vĂ”i komplitseerunud anamneesi korral.
Eesti Arst 2009; 88(7â8):469â47
ĂrevushĂ€irete psĂŒhhofarmakoloogia Schmiedebergist homseni
Keemilisi ĂŒhendeid on inimesed Ă€revuse leevendamiseks tarvitanud juba eelajaloolistel aegadel. XIX sajandil hakati vaigistava toimega farmakone laialdaselt kasutama psĂŒhhiaatrilises praktikas. Sada aastat tagasi loodud barbituraadid tĂ”id sellesse uue kvaliteedi ning jĂ€rgmise pĂ”himĂ”ttelise sammu vĂ”imaldas teha 1,4-bensodiasepiinide juhuslik avastamine 1950. aastatel. Bensodiasepiiniretseptorite kaudu toimivad rahustid mitte ainult ei leevenda kiiresti Ă€revust, vaid avaldavad ka krambivastast, lihaseid lÔÔgastavat ja uinutavat toimet. Kuigi bensodiasepiinid on ravimina suhteliselt ohutud, vĂ€hendavad nende kasutamisvĂ”imalusi ravimiinteraktsioonid, eriti etĂŒĂŒlalkoholiga, samuti ĂŒldine pĂ€rssiv toime ja sĂ”ltuvuse vĂ€ljakujunemine. Bensodiasepiinide tarbimine on vĂ€henenud tĂ€nu valikuvĂ”imalusele, mida pakuvad antidepressandid (valikuliselt serotoniini tagasihaaret pĂ€rssivad ning serotoniini ja noradrenaliini tagasihaaret pĂ€rssivad ravimid), mis ongi kujunenud esmavalikuks Ă€revushĂ€irete puhul. 2013. aasta Oswald Schmiedebergi loengus kirjeldati viimasel paaril aastakĂŒmnel tehtud katseid luua pĂ”himĂ”tteliselt uusi anksiolĂŒĂŒtikume, keskendudes eriti neuropeptiidisĂŒsteemidele. Paljulubavad uurimissuunad on selles vallas GABA-, glutamaadi- ja endokannabinoidsĂŒsteemide valikulise toimega modulaatorid, aga ka neuropeptiidiretseptorite antagonistid ja mitme molekulaarse sihtmĂ€rgiga ravimid, mis loodetavasti juhatavad sisse senisest rohkem personaliseeritud ravimravi ajastu.Eesti Arst 2013; 92(10):565â57
The âBlack Soundsâ of Ene Mihkelsonâs Katkuhaud (âPlague Graveâ) and W. G. Sebaldâs Austerlitz. Part I. Foundations
âFoundationsâ is the first part of a two-part article to be published in Interlitteraria. It gives a brief account of the post-humanistic, foundationless, and traumatic world encountered in Ene Mihkelsonâs Katkuhaud (âPlague Graveâ) and W. G. Sebaldâs Austerlitz, and continues with more detailed elaborations of the loss of specific foundational ideals, such as their contemporary experience of the failure and limits of language, of sense-making, and memory; the haphazardness of history; the invalidity of compensatory justice, and above all the deletion of their childhood fields of joy and love or of what Panksepp calls their âaffective mind.â It prepares for a fuller comparison of Mihkelson and Sebaldâs tonality, and their art of valediction and memory in Part two
SÔltuvuse neurobioloogia
Farmakonid, mis tekitavad fĂŒĂŒsilise, psĂŒĂŒhilise vĂ”i kĂ€itumusliku sĂ”ltuvuse, on erinevate esmaste molekulaarsete toimemehhanismidega. Neil kĂ”igil on vĂ”ime suurendada dopaminergilist neurotransmissiooni keskaju-eesaju teljel ning korduval uimastite tarvitamisel kujunevadventraalses tegmentumâis ja naalduvas tuumas, aga ka paljudes teistes ajupiirkondades vĂ€lja pĂŒsivad komplekssed muutused geeniekspressioonis ja nĂ€rvirakkude morfoloogias.
Eesti Arst 2006; 85 (10): 697â70
Autoimmuunne pankreatiit
Eesti Arst 2019; 98(8):472â47
UHF-sagedusala sidesĂŒsteem kuupsatelliidile
Communication is one of the most important parts of any satellite. Estonian future satellite
ESTCube-2 needs a new and advanced communication system to upload commands and
firmware and download telemetry and images.
The goal of this masters thesis was to determine system architecture and develop first electrical
prototype of this communication system. Strengths and weaknesses of previous systems was
researched and new system design was determined. Necessary single components were
determined. Single components were built to prototypes, tested and characterised. RF parameters
of filters were measured and found to be suitable for the system. Components were integrated to
a first electrical model of the communication system. All of the work meets the requirements set
to the system. Since power is very limited on small satellites focus was making the
communication system energy efficient.
This work could not be done without support from people in ESTCube team. Most of the
necessary knowledge was taught by supervisors. Much of supporting work was done by other
members of communication subsystem team â Ahti Laurisson, Taavi Adamson and Laur Joost.
Work on the system continues in to develop full software and test all the component integration.
This work contains technical drawings and description of developed system. It also provides
information for developing other similar systems
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