39 research outputs found
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The impact of weathering and aging on a LIMB ash stockpile material
A 1,500 ton temporary storage pile of water conditioned LIMB (Lime Injected Multistage Burner) ash by-product from the Ohio Edison Edgewater plant Lorain, OH was constructed in July, 1991 at a coal company near New Philadelphia, Ohio. This stockpile was created for dry FGD by-product material to be held in reserve for a land application uses field demonstration. High volume, beneficial uses of dry FGD by-products, such as for mine reclamation and embankment stabilization, will require temporary stockpiling of the by-product. Purpose for constructing this pile was to study changes with time in the LIMB by-product material when exposed to weathering. This by-product material was studied over a 2 1/2 year period. The water to control fugitive dust was added in the ash conditioner at the power plant while being loaded into dump trucks. Amount of water normally added in the conditioning process is close to the optimum moisture content of 40--50 % (dry weight basis), to construct a compacted road embankment or road base. Four environmental operating permits required for construction of the storage pile were obtained, three from Ohio EPA (air, water and solid waste), and one from the Ohio Division of Reclamation (revised reclamation area permit). There was no significant environmental impacts from storm runoff or leachate water from the LIMB ash stockpile during the initial 18 month period through December, 1992. After 2 1/2 years of storage, the potential value of the LIMB material for use as a road embankment material or soil conditioner has declined significantly. Ettringite formation occurs. Aging allows the expansive reaction to take place before its potential use as compacted structural fill or embankment
Soils and agriculture in central-west and north Brazil
Modern soil science, spearheaded by research in Brazil has facilitated the utilization of vast areas of previously uncultivated soil long considered unsuitable for human food production into highly productive agricultural land. Naturally acid soils with high contents of aluminum and iron oxides and low CEC values and organic matter contents long considered insurmountable obstacles to crop production in tropical latitudes could be extremely productive. With continued development of the infrastructure needed by commercial agriculture Brazil has the potential to lead the world in its quest to provide food for growing human populations.A moderna ciĂȘncia de solo, liderada pelas suas pesquisas no Brasil, tem possibilitado a utilização de vastas ĂĄreas de solos, durante muito tempo nĂŁo cultivados por serem avaliados como inaptos para uma intensiva produção de alimentos. Hoje, ao contrĂĄrio, constata-se que essas terras sĂŁo altamente produtivas para a agricultura. Estas pesquisas vĂȘm mostrando que alguns atributos naturais destes solos, como acidez, baixos teores de matĂ©ria orgĂąnica, baixa capacidade de troca de cĂĄtions, alĂ©m de altos teores de Ăłxidos de ferro e/ou de alumĂnio - considerados como obstĂĄculos Ă produção de boas colheitas em latitudes tropicais - podem ser superados. Com a continuação do desenvolvimento das infra-estruturas necessĂĄrias para alavancar ainda mais a agricultura comercial, o Brasil tem potencial para, em breve, liderar o mundo no que tange ao fornecimento de alimentos para as crescentes populaçÔes humanas
Efeitos anestésicos da administração intranasal ou intramuscular de cetamina S+ e midazolam em pomba-rola (Streptotelia sp.)
A via intranasal Ă© uma boa alternativa por ser indolor e de fĂĄcil aplicação em aves. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos anestĂ©sicos da associação de cetamina S+ e midazolam pela via intranasal (IN) em comparação com a via intramuscular (IM) em pombos. Foram utilizados 12 pombos alocados em dois grupos com 15 dias de intervalo, os quais receberam: grupo IM: 20 mg/kg de cetamina S+ associada a 3,5 mg/kg de midazolam pela via intramuscular (musculatura do peito); e grupo IN, mesmo protocolo, porĂ©m, pela via intranasal. Os parĂąmetros avaliados foram: perĂodo de latĂȘncia, tempo de duração em decĂșbito dorsal, tempo total de anestesia, tempo de recuperação e efeitos adversos. Para a anĂĄlise estatĂstica, empregou-se o teste de Wilcoxon, com as diferenças consideradas significativas quando P<0,05. O perĂodo de latĂȘncia obtido foi de 30 [30-47,5] e 40 [30-50] segundos para IM e IN, respectivamente. O tempo de duração de decĂșbito dorsal foi de 59 [53,25-65] e 63 [37-71,25] minutos para IM e IN, respectivamente, sem diferenças significativas entre os grupos. Com relação Ă duração total de anestesia, foi observada diferença significativa, com 88 [86,25-94,5] e 68 [53,5-93] minutos para os grupos IM e IN, respectivamente. O tempo de recuperação foi mais curto no grupo IN (15 [4,25-19,5]) comparado ao IM (32 [28,25-38,25] minutos). Dois animais de cada grupo apresentaram regurgitação na fase de recuperação. Conclui-se que a administração de cetamina S+ e midazolam pela via intranasal Ă© um mĂ©todo aceitĂĄvel de administração de fĂĄrmacos e produz anestesia rĂĄpida e eficaz em pombos
Integrating sequence and array data to create an improved 1000 Genomes Project haplotype reference panel
A major use of the 1000 Genomes Project (1000GP) data is genotype imputation in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Here we develop a method to estimate haplotypes from low-coverage sequencing data that can take advantage of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) microarray genotypes on the same samples. First the SNP array data are phased to build a backbone (or 'scaffold') of haplotypes across each chromosome. We then phase the sequence data 'onto' this haplotype scaffold. This approach can take advantage of relatedness between sequenced and non-sequenced samples to improve accuracy. We use this method to create a new 1000GP haplotype reference set for use by the human genetic community. Using a set of validation genotypes at SNP and bi-allelic indels we show that these haplotypes have lower genotype discordance and improved imputation performance into downstream GWAS samples, especially at low-frequency variants. © 2014 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved
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Track A Basic Science
Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/138319/1/jia218438.pd