Métabolisme des annexes hydrauliques des corridors hydro-écologiques – des casiers Girardon du Rhône aux gravières de la Bassée.

National audienc

The problem is the solution: Can permaculture management regenerate social economy enterprises?

International audienceWe consider the degeneration of social economy enterprises(SEEs) and develop a thesis that SEE regenerationmay be inspired by living systems. Within the paradigmof living organizations,we propose an approach inspiredby permaculture. This study’s purpose is to understandhow SEEs might apply permaculture principles for theirregeneration. We identify the main degeneration issuesin SEEs. We then present the permaculture approachthrough its theoretical background, application to livingorganizations, and core design principles. Finally,weshow how permaculture relates to management modelsappropriate for alternative organizations, and we underlinespecific links with degeneration issues in SEEs.We make a theoretical contribution by binding two distinctconversations: permaculture management and SEEdegeneration. Thiswork also provides an original frameworkfor future empirical research

mTOR pathway activation drives lung cell senescence and emphysema.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a highly prevalent and devastating condition for which no curative treatment is available. Exaggerated lung cell senescence may be a major pathogenic factor. Here, we investigated the potential role for mTOR signaling in lung cell senescence and alterations in COPD using lung tissue and derived cultured cells from patients with COPD and from age- and sex-matched control smokers. Cell senescence in COPD was linked to mTOR activation, and mTOR inhibition by low-dose rapamycin prevented cell senescence and inhibited the proinflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype. To explore whether mTOR activation was a causal pathogenic factor, we developed transgenic mice exhibiting mTOR overactivity in lung vascular cells or alveolar epithelial cells. In this model, mTOR activation was sufficient to induce lung cell senescence and to mimic COPD lung alterations, with the rapid development of lung emphysema, pulmonary hypertension, and inflammation. These findings support a causal relationship between mTOR activation, lung cell senescence, and lung alterations in COPD, thereby identifying the mTOR pathway as a potentially new therapeutic target in COPD