171 research outputs found
A Sobolev Poincar\'e type inequality for integral varifolds
In this work a local inequality is provided which bounds the distance of an
integral varifold from a multivalued plane (height) by its tilt and mean
curvature. The bounds obtained for the exponents of the Lebesgue spaces
involved are shown to be sharp.Comment: v1: 27 pages, no figures; v2: replaced citations of the author's
dissertation by proofs, material of sections 1 and 3 reorganised, slightly
more general results in section 2, some remarks, some discussion and some
references added, 40 pages, no figure
Bonding of brackets using a caries-protective adhesive patch
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess the shear bond strength (SBS) of metal brackets when placed with a caries protective adhesive patch. METHODS: Forty stainless steel brackets (Ormco) were bonded to 40 bovine enamel samples according to the following conditioning/bonding procedures using a resin-based orthodontic luting material (Heliosit Orthodontic, N=10 per group): (A) 35% phosphoric acid (30s), rinse and dry; (B) as in A but additional placement of a prototype adhesive patch (Ivoclar Vivadent) using a bonding agent (Heliobond); (C) application of a two-step self-etch adhesive (AdheSE); (D) as in C but additional patch placement. Samples were stored at 37 degrees C for 24h. SBS was measured with a universal testing machine with a crosshead speed of 0.5mm/min and the adhesive remnant index (ARI) was determined under a stereomicroscope (16x). RESULTS: Mean SBS (standard deviation) values were as follows: (A) 16.6 (6.4)MPa; (B) 12.2 (5.8); (C) 12.9 (5.0); and (D) 10.5 (4.7). Analysis of variance followed by Bonferroni correction revealed no statistically significant differences. In 2 (B) and 4 (D) specimens, complete retention of the adhesive patch was observed. CONCLUSIONS: All treatment groups showed adequate bond strength values. The adhesive patch could therefore be applied in combination with orthodontic brackets and seal the enamel adjacent to the bracket
Isotropic-Nematic Transition in Liquid-Crystalline Elastomers
In liquid-crystalline elastomers, the nematic order parameter and the induced
strain vary smoothly across the isotropic-nematic transition, without the
expected first-order discontinuity. To investigate this smooth variation, we
measure the strain as a function of temperature over a range of applied stress,
for elastomers crosslinked in the nematic and isotropic phases, and analyze the
results using a variation on Landau theory. This analysis shows that the smooth
variation arises from quenched disorder in the elastomer, combined with the
effects of applied stress and internal stress.Comment: 4 pages, including 4 postscript figures, uses REVTeX
Magnetic moment of welded HTS samples: dependence on the current flowing through the welds
We present a method to calculate the magnetic moments of the high-temperature
superconducting (HTS) samples which consist of a few welded HTS parts. The
approach is generalized for the samples of various geometrical shapes and an
arbitrary number of welds. The obtained relations between the sample moment and
the density of critical current, which flows through the welds, allow to use
the magnetization loops for a quantitative characterization of the weld quality
in a wide range of temperatures and/or magnetic fields.Comment: RevTeX4, 4 pages, 2 figures. Submitted to Supercond. Sci. Techno
Soft and non-soft structural transitions in disordered nematic networks
Properties of disordered nematic elastomers and gels are theoretically
investigated with emphasis on the roles of non-local elastic interactions and
crosslinking conditions. Networks originally crosslinked in the isotropic phase
lose their long-range orientational order by the action of quenched random
stresses, which we incorporate into the affine-deformation model of nematic
rubber elasticity. We present a detailed picture of mechanical quasi-Goldstone
modes, which accounts for an almost completely soft polydomain-monodomain (P-M)
transition under strain as well as a ``four-leaf clover'' pattern in
depolarized light scattering intensity. Dynamical relaxation of the domain
structure is studied using a simple model. The peak wavenumber of the structure
factor obeys a power-law-type slow kinetics and goes to zero in true mechanical
equilibrium. The effect of quenched disorder on director fluctuation in the
monodomain state is analyzed. The random frozen contribution to the fluctuation
amplitude dominates the thermal one, at long wavelengths and near the P-M
transition threshold. We also study networks obtained by crosslinking
polydomain nematic polymer melts. The memory of initial director configuration
acts as correlated and strong quenched disorder, which renders the P-M
transition non-soft. The spatial distribution of the elastic free energy is
strongly dehomogenized by external strain, in contrast to the case of
isotropically crosslinked networks.Comment: 19 pages, 15 EPS figure
Magneto - transport characterization of Dy123 monodomain superconductors
The following report considers textured materials of the DyBa2Cu3O7 type
seeded with a Nd123 seed as initiator. They are grown with an excess 20% Dy211
phase on a Dy2O3 substrate. We report chemical characterizations, electrical
resistivity, thermoelectric power and thermal conductivity over a broad
temperature range as a function of an applied magnetic field up to 6 T. We show
that specific features appear on the magneto thermal transport properties
different in these materials from those found in single crystals and
polycrystalline samples. We propose that two vortex regimes can be
distinguished in the mixed phase, - due to the intrinsic microstructure. We
calculate the viscosity, entropy and figure of merit of the samples.Comment: 18 pages, with 8 figures; 4 color figuresx missing (much memory
needed
Trueness of CAD/CAM digitization with a desktop scanner – an in vitro study
Desktop scanners are devices for digitization of conventional impressions or gypsum casts by indirect Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Assisted Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) in dentistry. The purpose of this in vitro study was: 1, to investigate whether virtual models produced by the extraoral scanner have the same trueness as sectioned casts; and 2, to assess if digitization with an extraoral scanner influences the surface information
Nonsmooth analysis of doubly nonlinear evolution equations
In this paper we analyze a broad class of abstract doubly nonlinear evolution
equations in Banach spaces, driven by nonsmooth and nonconvex energies. We
provide some general sufficient conditions, on the dissipation potential and
the energy functional,for existence of solutions to the related Cauchy problem.
We prove our main existence result by passing to the limit in a
time-discretization scheme with variational techniques. Finally, we discuss an
application to a material model in finite-strain elasticity.Comment: 45 page
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