Analysis of cephalopods’ abundance indices in the Southwest Atlantic fisheries. 2003-2008

This working document presents a brief analysis of the spatio-temporal variability of abundance indices of cephalopods taken through the observers’ program of the IEO in the Southwest Atlantic between 2003 and 2008 paying particular attention to the High Seas (HS) are

Analysis of the relationships between Patagonian squid (Doryteuthis gahi)

Doryteuthis (Loligo) gahi is the second most important cephalopod species in the SW Atlantic from a fisheries point of view. This species and hence, the fisheries profitability and sustainability, are subject to large inter-annual variability in recruitment strength, mainly due to interannual and seasonal variations of the Falkland/Malvinas Current. In this working document we analyse the environmental, geographical, temporal and physical factors affecting the distribution (abundance) of D. gahi in two areas where its abundance is highest, using geographic information systems tools. We found a slight positive correlation between CPUE and longitude, as well as between CPUE and depth in the northern area, but no correlations could be found between SST and the other explanatory variables. Regarding the southern area in summer-autumn, we found that CPUE increases with longitude as we go to the east, and with latitude. We also found positive correlations between SST and CPUE, as well as with depth. In winter spring our study revealed a slight relationship between CPUE and location, and with depth

Analysis of the relationship between Argentine short-finned squid (Illex argentinus) abundance and environmental parameters in the SW Atlantic Ocean using GIS tools

The Argentine short-finned squid Illex argentinus is the main cephalopod species which occurs in the Southwest Atlantic Ocean. It is the most highly fished species in terms of catches and is the major target of large-scale directed fishing carried out by “jiggers”, and to a lesser extent, by trawlers. The variability of main current systems in the region (Brazil and Falkland/Malvinas Currents) has been suggested to influence the abundance and distribution of I. argentinus, thus largely affecting profitability and sustainability of the fisheries. In this working document we analyse the environmental, geographical, temporal and physical factors affecting the distribution (abundance) of I. argentinus in two areas of highest distribution, using geographic information systems tools. Strong correlation was found between Illex abundance and the season of the year, as well as with latitude, confirming our knowledge of the fishery and the literature on this specie

Delayed Diagnosis of Occult Phosphaturic Mesenchymal Tumor in the Foot

Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors are the main cause of tumor-induced osteomalacia, a distinctive paraneoplastic syndrome mediated by overproduction of fibroblast growth factor 23, that leads to renal phosphate wasting and hypophosphatemia. Diagnosis of this mesenchymal tumors is difficult and usually delayed for several years. We present the case of a 70-years-old-male with generalized bone pain, multiple pathological fractures and persistent hypophosphatemia, diagnosed with tumor-induced osteomalacia after 4 years of the onset of symptoms. The tumor was localized in the forefoot using Gallium 68-DOTANOC positron emission tomography-computed tomography and successfully surgically treated. This case report highlights the importance of recognizing these rare tumors, as early diagnosis can prevent long-term morbidity.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Informe de observadores ATSW 2003

Las pesquerías que se desarrollan en aguas internacionales de la Plataforma Patagónica y entorno a las islas Malvinas se sitúan entre las más importantes actualmente para la flota congeladora española, tanto por los altos rendimientos obtenidos, como por el elevado precio de mercado de sus productos, con la consiguiente trascendencia socioeconómica. Las especies explotadas de mayor interés para la flota española desde el inicio de esta pesquería en los años ochenta han sido la merluza argentina, merluza austral, calamar y pota, aunque otras especies no objetivo (by-catch) tales como la rosada, bertorella, merluza de cola, róbalo y polaca entre otras, han ido adquiriendo una importancia cada vez mayor en los últimos años, llegando a convertirse algunas de ellas en especies objetivo, como es el caso del róbalo o merluza negra. Este informe presenta los resultados preliminares obtenidos en el año 2003 por el Programa de Observadores Científicos a bordo de buques comerciales, que el Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO) viene desarrollando en aguas del Atlántico Suroccidental (ATSW) desde 1988. En total tres observadores fueron desplazados al área de estudio, realizando su labor de observación a bordo, entre el 2 de Marzo y el 1 de noviembre de 2003. Se hace un análisis comparativo de los rendimientos (CPUE) en relación con años anteriores y se presentan las distribuciones de tallas, relaciones talla/peso y mapas de CPUE y de densidad de las especies de mayor interés comercial en las distintas divisiones en que ha sido dividida la Plataforma Patagónica, a efectos del presente estudio

Evolutionary ecomorphology of the Falkland Islands wolf Dusicyon australis

The Falkland Islands wolf Dusicyon australis is an extinct canid that was once the only endemic terrestrial mammal to inhabit the Falkland Islands. There is still a puzzling picture of the morphological adaptations of this wolf that quickly evolved from its mainland fossil ancestor: Dusicyon avus. We employ a geometric morphometric approach to identify patterns of skull shape variation in extant canids and Dusicyon spp. The Falkland Islands wolf and its fossil ancestor show a more carnivorous feeding morphology than other South American foxes, and they cluster morphologically with jackals. This supports convergence in skull shape between Dusicyon and Old World canids, although the convergence is not as strong as that exhibited by their sister hyper- and hypocarnivorous taxa

Measurement of the branching ratio for beta-delayed alpha decay of 16N

While the 12C(a,g)16O reaction plays a central role in nuclear astrophysics, the cross section at energies relevant to hydrostatic helium burning is too small to be directly measured in the laboratory. The beta-delayed alpha spectrum of 16N can be used to constrain the extrapolation of the E1 component of the S-factor; however, with this approach the resulting S-factor becomes strongly correlated with the assumed beta-alpha branching ratio. We have remeasured the beta-alpha branching ratio by implanting 16N ions in a segmented Si detector and counting the number of beta-alpha decays relative to the number of implantations. Our result, 1.49(5)e-5, represents a 24% increase compared to the accepted value and implies an increase of 14% in the extrapolated S-factor

Pushing and Pulling on Ropes: Hierarchical Woven Materials

Hierarchy in natural and synthetic materials has been shown to grant these architected materials properties unattainable independently by their constituent materials. While exceptional mechanical properties such as extreme resilience and high deformability have been realized in many human‐made three‐dimensional (3D) architected materials using beam‐and‐junction‐based architectures, stress concentrations and constraints induced by the junctions limit their mechanical performance. A new hierarchical architecture in which fibers are interwoven to construct effective beams is presented. In situ tension and compression experiments of additively manufactured woven and monolithic lattices with 30 µm unit cells demonstrate the superior ability of woven architectures to achieve high tensile and compressive strains (>50%)—without failure events—via smooth reconfiguration of woven microfibers in the effective beams and junctions. Cyclic compression experiments reveal that woven lattices accrue less damage compared to lattices with monolithic beams. Numerical studies of woven beams with varying geometric parameters present new design spaces to develop architected materials with tailored compliance that is unachievable by similarly configured monolithic‐beam architectures. Woven hierarchical design offers a pathway to make traditionally stiff and brittle materials more deformable and introduces a new building block for 3D architected materials with complex nonlinear mechanics